初三英语复习语法知识倒装句的构成

1、初三英语复习语法知识：倒装句的构成清华大学英语系测试：为中学英语量身定做.官方网站： 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果英语语法知识：倒装句的构成v 英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。v 如果 “谓语或谓语的一部分主语”，这样的句子就叫倒装句。倒装原因，一是语法结构上的需要（如疑问句），一是为了强调。倒装结构分为完全倒装和部分倒装。 一、完全倒装：将谓语动词完全移到主语前面v 1用于there be（lie，stand，live，seem，appear，exist，come）中。v There is a book and two notebooks on the desk桌子上有一

2、本书和两个笔记本。 v There stands a post office at the corner of the street街的拐角处有一个邮局。 v 2here，now，then，out，in，up，down，off，back，away用句首 v Here is a letter for youv 有你一封信。 v Then came the day of his examinationv 接着他考试的那天到来了。 v Down jumped the boy from the wallv 孩子从墙上跳了下来。 v 但当主语是人称代词时，主谓不能倒装。例如： v Here she co

3、mes她来了。 v 3用于直接引语后面，点明说话人 v “If you die，who will get your money？”asked Holmes“如果你死了，谁会得到你的钱？”福尔摩斯问。 v 如果主语是代词，或谓语含有助动词、情态动词时，则不能倒装。例如： v “I don't know her”He will say“我不认识她。”他会说。v 4为了保持句子平衡、衔接或为了强调表语或状语，可把介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到主语前，用完全倒装语序v Among them was an engineer who had been working on that object

4、 for many years他们当中有一位多年研究那个课题的工程师。 v He came into a big room，in the middle of which stood a large table他来到一个大房间，房间中央有一张大桌子。 v South of the city lies a middle school城市南边有一所中学。 v Hanging on the wall was a beautiful picture一幅漂亮的画挂在墙上。 二、部分倒装：只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，为部分倒装v 1用于疑问句中v Is he reading or playin

5、g？他在读书还是在写字？ v 2否定词little，not only，not until，never，seldom，barely（几乎不），never before，no soonerthan，neithernor，nowhere，not a bit，in no time用句首 v Little did he care about his own safety，though he was in great danger himselfv 虽然他自己处在危险中，但他几乎不关心自己的安全。 v Not only was the city polluted but the streets were

6、crowdedv 这城市不仅被污染了，而且街道也很拥挤。 v Neither does he drink nor does he smokev 他既不喝酒也不抽烟。v 3在so suchthat句型中，把so such修饰的一部分用句首 ，主句部分倒装v So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in itv 这湖这么浅，没有鱼能在里面生存。 v Such an interesting film is it that we are all movedv 这是一部如此有趣的电影，以致我们大家都很感动。 v 4only 副词、介词短语、状语从句用句首

7、 v Only then did I take pity on him只有到那时我才同情他。 v Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise只有努力工作你才能期望加薪。v 5so形容词、副词用句首 v So loudly is he speakingv 他讲话声音很大。 v 6so用于肯定句、norneither用于否定句，用句首 ，译为“也”。so译为“的确” 不倒装 “David has made great progress recently”“So he has and so have you”v “最近大卫取得了很大进步。

8、”“他的确取得了很大进步，你也是。” v “I dont think I can walk any further”“Neither do ILets stop here for a rest”v “我想我不能再走了。”“我也是。我们就在这儿停下歇一会儿吧。” v 7让步状语从句中，通常将名词（不带冠词）、形容词、副词、动词原形提前。v 虽然他聪明，但他学习不好。 v Clever as he is，he doesnt study wellv 虽然我很想帮助你，但现在我很忙。 v Much as I would like to help you，I am busy nowv Object as

9、 you may，Ill gov 纵使你反对，我也要去。 v 8在某些表示祝愿的句子里。v May you be happy！祝你幸福！ v 9如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should时，可把if省略，把条件句倒装，结构是：Were（Should或 Had）主语v Were I you（If I were you），I wouldn't do it如果我是你，我不会做那件事。 v Should she come（If she should come），tell her to call me up如果她来的话，告诉她给我打电话。v 1Not until I began to w

10、ork _ how much time I had wasted v Adidn't I realize Bdid I realize v CI didn't realize DI realized v B。not until置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，until引导的时间状语从句用正常语序。 v 2Only by practising a few hours every day _ be able to master the language v Ayou can Bcan you v Cyou will Dwill you v D。only置于句首修饰介词短语、副词或状语

11、从句时，句子要用倒装语序。 v 3Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother？ v    I don't know，_ v Anor don't I care Bnor do I care v CI don't care neither v DI don't care also v B。nor或neither置于句首时，句子要用倒装语序，表示前面否定的内容也适合于倒装句的主语。 v 4Not only _ polluted but crowded v Awas the city；were the st

12、reets v Bthe city was；were the streets v Cwas the city；the streets were v Dthe city was；the streets werev C。not onlybut（also）表示“不但而且”，若连接两个并列分句，且not only置于句首时，not only后面的分句要用倒装语序，而but（also）后面的分句用正常语序。 v 5Little _ about his own safety，though he was in great danger himself v Adoes he care Bdid he care

13、 v Che cares Dhe cared v B。little，not，hardly，never等含有否定意义的副词置于句首时，句子要用倒装语序。 清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站： 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果v坛，真的A bad beginning makes a bad ending.+2不善始者不善终。 ;YdzA bad thing never dies.wtL1MK遗臭万年。 RA bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.uL&|一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。 /%L6p3;A burden of on

14、e's choice is not felt.2kT-eL爱挑的担子不嫌重。 xBPA candle lights others and consumes itself.B3zl蜡烛照亮别人，却毁灭了自己。 w/, A cat has 9 lives.ryQ猫有九条命。 n'(&MVA cat may look at a king.:_cvu#猫也可以打量国王，意为人人平等。 *A close mouth catches no flies._K病从口入。 ,&poA constant guest is never welcome.eZ常客令人厌。 IAction

15、s speak louder than words.tW事实胜于雄辩。 &Y GAdversity makes a man wise, not rich.&J逆境出人才。 NA fair death honors the whole life.(#uB死得其所，流芳百世。 7tq9A faithful friend is hard to find.Lv#知音难觅。 -$A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.Ry吃一堑，长一智。 q'oS A fox may grow gray, but never good.)qu0i江山易改，本性

16、难移。 L rA friend in need is a friend indeed.7E>*N患难见真情。 wA friend is easier lost than found.c得朋友难，失朋友易。 !)A friend is never known till a man has need.SfB需要之时方知友。 ,_A friend without faults will never be found.0hB-没有十全十美的朋友。 y;2L'After you' is good manners.XU1'“您先请”是礼貌。 eo_A good beginni

17、ng is half done.P#!4EH良好的开端是成功的一半。 X:'A good beginning makes a good ending.LfA#G善始者善终。 &7SBA good book is a good friend.;Rr好书如挚友。 :$zA good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.kHYwWi一本好书，相伴一生。 lIA good conscience is a soft pillow.(QH不做亏心事，不怕鬼叫门。 ,hYacA good fame is better

18、 than a good face.A;eqn美名胜过美貌。 YiA good husband makes a good wife.d0"xw2夫善则妻贤。 (A good medicine tastes bitter.k良药苦口。 )YL$A good wife health is a man's best wealth.wK妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富。 iiriA great talker is a great liar.aih说大话者多谎言。 E2IA hedge between keeps friendship green.7y?e8君子之交淡如水。 5nggA jo

19、ke never gains an enemy but loses a friend.戏谑不能化敌为友，只能使人失去朋友。 eA leopard cannot change its spots.N|kbn积习难改。 .KQA liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.n+说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。 IcBYA light heart lives long._7静以修身。 mj.kA little body often harbors a great soul.jDmPgN浓缩的都是精品。 YA little knowledge is a da

20、ngerous thing.,&z _l一知半解，自欺欺人。 Xh3Y"vA little pot is soon hot.BH狗肚子盛不得四两油。 0All are brave when the enemy flies.bo敌人逃窜时，人人都成了勇士。 )9/AP4All good things come to an end.LL天下没有不散的筵席。 BAll rivers run into sea.elo97海纳百川。 %All roads lead to Rome.W|k6#;条条大路通罗马。 *LXm2 All that ends well is well.结果好，就

21、一切都好。 =All that glitters is not gold.F闪光的不一定都是金子。 gQr-%LAll things are difficult before they are easy.2Z凡事总是由难而易。 AJ)i,All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.XsIY只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 ;J0C1A man becomes learned by asking questions.k"不耻下问才能有学问。 _A man can do no more than he can.UCL凡事都应量力而行。 SpA m

22、an cannot spin and reel at the same time.Jh>d|一心不能二用。 1uHA man is known by his friends. 什么人交什么朋友。 KA man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.GNI光说空话不做事，犹如花园光长刺。 HBA man without money is no man at all.;一分钱难倒英雄汉。 +guA merry heart goes all the way./iT9m1心旷神怡，事事顺利。 q4A miss is as

23、 good as a mile.E失之毫厘，差之千里。 |HA mother's love never changes.k)b母爱永恒。 =An apple a day keeps the doctor away.5G一天一苹果，不用请医生。 JPNEA new broom sweeps clean.8HU新官上任三把火。 64An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.WPK'以眼还眼，以牙还牙。 vi03An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.z t一日之计在于晨。 bAn

24、 old dog cannot learn new tricks.>老狗学不出新把戏。 c;JAAn ounce of luck is better than a pound of wisdom.te(聪明才智，不如运气。 -1HAn ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.uFYV预防为主，治疗为辅。 QJA rolling stone gathers no moss.4滚石不生苔，转业不聚财。 t=K9(As a man sows, so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。 wA single flower does n

25、ot make a spring.,一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。 $s<A snow year, a rich year.,(瑞雪兆丰年。 hZ2qA sound mind in a sound body.G014健全的精神寓于健康的身体。 Xqi02A still tongue makes a wise head.u(sb?d寡言者智。 /DyQA stitch in time saves nine.Fmei小洞不补，大洞吃苦。 xA straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.pe4+MA身正不怕影子斜。 8iB3*gA wise

26、head makes a close mouth.K真人不露相，露相非真人。 X!|/hpA word spoken is past recalling.Z一言既出，驷马难追。 M>A(4A year's plan starts with spring.UF G<一年之计在于春。 L3f)A young idler, an old beggar.IGv!E少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 PsBad news has wings.ln+好事不出门，坏事传千里。 8Czw|DBarking dogs seldom bite.&b+吠犬不咬人。 L: Beauty lies i

27、n the love's eyes." #情人眼里出西施。 .2Be swift to hear, slow to speak.A?听宜敏捷，言宜缓行。 VjuV+Better late than never.Gc不怕慢，单怕站。 EjBetter to ask the way than go astray.!BV问路总比迷路好。 _3HBetween friends all is common.(0"朋友之间不分彼此。 AX1Birds of a feather flock together.5Hj物以类聚，人以群分。 Qe7'RBlood is thic

28、ker than water._p5p血浓于水。 S!NXBlood will have blood.mrT血债血偿。 n+O$FBooks and friends should be few but good.,g?读书如交友，应求少而精。 .|HgBusiness is business.)+'公事公办。 J1 KBBusiness is the salt of life.EdHD9事业是人生的第一需要。 -By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it.qs":读书使人充实，交谈使人精明。 |i7N

29、Q:Cannot see the wood for the trees.zY'一叶障目，不见泰山。 <'ZTCare and diligence bring luck.<谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。 ,<#Caution is the parent of safety.awfdvz小心驶得万年船。 <z%zxCheats never prosper.bH骗人发不了财。 '(Children are what the mothers are.dB#f耳濡目染，身教言传。 g=KZaChoose an author as you choose a fri

30、end.C4择书如择友。 Pxwx:Come what may, heaven won't fall.hFA做你的吧，天塌不下来。 Cm_Complacency is the enemy of study.H学习的敌人是自己的满足。自信是走向成功的第一步。 hyConstant dripping wears away a stone.15l%水滴石穿，绳锯木断。 (Content is better than riches./rH4Q知足者常乐。 1Gv|Count one's chickens before they are hatched.X$蛋未孵先数雏。 w! FCou

31、rtesy on one side only lasts not long.5来而不往非礼也。 47p5?Creep before you walk.:BT循序渐进。 rCry for the moon.5GYeg海底捞月。 v>Custom is a second nature.W习惯是后天养成的。 :-Custom makes all things easy.jD有个好习惯，事事皆不难。 zDiamond cuts diamond.u强中自有强中手。 6hGDo as the Romans do.9jW$jW入乡随俗。 ;0nTDo as you would be done by.T

32、96Qp己所不欲，勿施于人。 wDDoing is better than saying.i与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。 %df7TDo it now.p?hAhn机不可失，时不再来。 UB<Do nothing by halves.9H;凡事不可半途而废。 XqM1Don't claim to know what you don't know.70R不要不懂装懂。 PDon't have too many irons in the fire.W<L40不要揽事过多。 KDon't make a mountain out of a molehil

33、l.,Jm不要小题大做。 >A$)FDon't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.#-h6aO今日事，今日毕。 vH5KDon't put the cart before the horse.5不要本末倒置。 |C&kDon't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.gAS不要自找麻烦。 5e.Don't try to teach your grandmother to suck eggs.W0j4不要班门弄斧。 k58Do well an

34、d have well.|:n)善有善报。 Each bird love to hear himself sing.i+孤芳自赏。 )%Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.3s早睡早起身体好。 Fa>Ad|Easier said than done.t#j说得容易，做得难。 U:DXEasy come, easy go.75D#+来也匆匆，去也匆匆。 fQYdnEat to live, but not live to eat.Y人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。 !I3Empty v

35、essels make the greatest sound.BQ实磨无声空磨响，满瓶不动半瓶摇。 N#MKEnvy has no holidays.f=忌妒之人无宁日。 oEven Homer sometimes nods.M>eW智者千虑，必有一失。 nJeEven reckoning makes long friends.ik#-a"亲兄弟，明算账。 M.BnBEvery advantage has its disadvantage.nTn9有利必有弊。 4bIhEverybody's business is nobody's business.:WT人人

36、负责，等于没人负责。 dWrpEvery day is not Sunday.Vg"好景不常在。 W#Every dog has his day.7&O谁都有得意的时候。 R(dCyEvery door may be shut, but death's door.F"A(Ld人生在世，唯死难逃。 3_)zREvery heart has its own sorrow.*各人有各人的苦恼。 $Every little helps a mickle.x聚沙成塔，集腋成裘。 >Every man for himself, and the devil take

37、s the hindmost.tVL'U人不为己，天诛地灭。 P2#I5yEvery man has his faults.mD*gU金无足赤，人无完人。 9|3nJWEvery man has his hobbyhorse.5v萝卜青菜，各有所爱。 +L*Every man has his weak side.T人人都有弱点。 wEvery man is the architect of his own fortune.'2'1<自己的命运自己掌握。 e2Every minute counts.o$E#分秒必争。 :Every mother's chil

38、d is handsome.Y/孩子是自己的好。 G!A|YWEvery potter praises hit pot.*j (王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸。 /mB.,eEverything is good when new, but friends when old.D东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。 1XExample is better then percept.qk说一遍，不如做一遍。 1btuExperience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.WdK经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。 *M4S/=Experience must be b

39、ought.inrV吃一堑，长一智。 InMBYWFact speak louder than words.1M.-Nu事实胜于雄辩。 kDLsFailure is the mother of success.hQC8失败是成功之母。 by=False friends are worse than bitter enemies."O)明枪易躲，暗箭难防。 "Far from eye, far from heart.E眼不见，心不烦。 G$0jFFar water does not put out near fire.2"p远水救不了近火。 O*Faults are

40、 thick where love is thin.SkU一朝情意淡，样样不顺眼。 !Xl+UFear always springs from ignorance.gHi$_e恐惧源于无知。 =2"EFields have eyes, and woods have ears.6"隔墙有耳。 t$i-Fire and water have no mercy.VpA水火无情。 7,Fire is a good servant but a bad master.rzF火是一把双刃剑。 Uh'3eFirst come, first served.*7M先来后到。 %lFir

41、st impressions are half the battle.?6>HC2初次见面，印象最深。 ox5KAFirst think and then speak.E_先想后说。 V?oJ?Fools grow without watering.pzSn朽木不可雕。 2Fool's haste is no speed.Jc欲速则不达。 GFools has fortune.e5DO呆人有呆福。 wI+pFools learn nothing from wise men, but wise men learn much from fools.Bo/M愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问。

42、 zbForbidden fruit is sweet.b&+D,D禁果格外香。 ?MFortune favors those who use their judgement.ciJ0;机遇偏爱善断之人。 1,ZFortune knocks once at least at every man's gate.Ii风水轮流转。 mFour eyes see more than two.$集思广益。 pvFriends agree best at distance.lw.朋友之间也会保持距离。 8IR5*(Friends are thieves of time.gT朋友是时间的窃贼

43、。 /Friends must part.&'再好的朋友也有分手的时候。 gGenius is nothing but labor and diligence._天才不过是勤奋而已。 BfZLGive a dog a bad name and hang him.3m众口铄金，积毁销骨。 Hz0fGod helps those who help themselves.27)Z(自助者天助。 BQGold will not buy anything.5黄金并非万能。 q;""Good for good is natural, good for evil is m

44、anly.g6k$'L以德报德是常理，以德报怨大丈夫。 Gpt5rGood health is over wealth.;b健康是最大的财富。 7Good medicine for health tastes bitter to the mouth.B良药苦口利于病。 )3kDpKGood watch prevents misfortune.<谨慎消灾。 =lGreat barkers are no biters.u9好狗不挡道。 /YGreat hopes make great man.s伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。 B+pVGreat minds think alike.M?Q

45、*英雄所见略同。 rkGreat men have great faults.t<S|英雄犯大错误。 LV&I/Great men's sons seldom do well.;<r+富不过三代。 Great trees are good for nothing but shade.!8(大树底下好乘凉。 ZoGreat wits have short memories.&贵人多忘事。 z%pGreedy folks have long arms.>心贪手长。 PlJGuilty consciences make men cowards.!做贼心虚。

46、hRgHabit cures habit.$kafG心病还需心药医。 Q=aHandsome is he who does handsomely./行为漂亮才算美。 DjnHappiness takes no account of time.(-u9Yd欢乐不觉时光过。 gHappy is he who owes nothing.#;要想活得痛快，身上不能背债。 q4;Happy is the man who learns from the misfortunes of others.5OBEyU吸取他人教训，自己才会走运。 1TmDhHarm set, harm get.LDr害人害己。 &

47、#39;4eHasty love, soon cold.l2%一见钟情难维久。 $rHealth is better than wealth.26QL健康胜过财富。 96Health is happiness.i/健康就是幸福。 S1|KuHear all parties.E兼听则明。 nN<MVQHeaven never helps the man who will not act.6自己不动，叫天何用。 g95oHe is a fool that forgets himself.Wz$v6y愚者忘乎所以。 K'5%He is a good friend that speaks

48、 well of us behind our backs.J$背后说好话，才是真朋友。 hkdAEHe is a wise man who speaks little.b%聪明不是挂在嘴上。 u&<He is lifeless that is faultless.dH'(zk只有死人才不犯错误。 en7aEHe is not fit to command others that cannot command himself.fbJC正人先正己。 9|He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.Woc#自嘲者不会让人见

49、笑。 D$WHe is wise that is honest.AEd/诚实者最明智。 x$n#RoHe knows most who speaks least.(q大智若愚。 H"|G$He laughs best who laughs last.Bll谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 MS%He sets the fox to keep the geese.'0b引狼入室。 HTUHe that climbs high falls heavily.m75爬得越高，摔得越重。 0He that will not work shall not eat.m1&不劳动者不得食。

50、JHe who does not advance loses ground.otH)aD逆水行舟，不进则退。 i<OyuHe who makes constant complaint gets little compassion.zL经常诉苦，没人同情。 9/$c'He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.:/想不犯错误，就一事无成。 d-BHe who risks nothing gains nothing.O收获与风险并存。 %lHistory repeats itself.+M4,历史往往重演。 QopPA"Honesty is

51、 the best policy.%e8Vo做人诚信为本。 )nHope for the best, but prepare for the worst.hVfw|抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。 2)FI cannot be your friend and your flatterer too.aOX朋友不能阿谀奉承。 .If a man deceives me once, shame on him, if he deceives me twice, shame on me.1bah上当一回头，再多就可耻。 .ri8If you make yourself an ass, don't c

52、omplain if people ride you.,人善被人欺，马善被人骑。 48_C#If your ears glow, someone is talking of you.eQ(耳朵发烧，有人念叨。 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.?脚踏两条船，必定落空。 WzIf you sell the cow, you sell her milk too.Q杀鸡取卵。 Rr'kJIf you venture nothing, you will have nothing.5v>_F不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 5aw3T

53、If you want knowledge, you must toil for it.k要想求知，就得吃苦。 VIndustry is the parent of success.!=4'n勤奋是成功之母。 Wv,oIt is better to die when life is a disgrace.T宁为玉碎，不为瓦全。 <Z)6eIt is easier to get money than to keep it.A挣钱容易攒钱难。 gYT,nIt is easy to be wise after the event.ELx+;事后诸葛亮好当。 adIt is easy t

54、o open a shop but hard to keep it always open.uU创业容易守业难。 -Q,kIt is hard to please all.cuwD众口难调。 s+PIt is never too old to learn.e85X活到老，学到老。 &.It is no use crying over spilt milk.5覆水难收。 wv)-It is the first step that costs troublesome.%mur万事开头难。 LXoQf5It is the unforeseen that always happens.天有不测

55、风云，人有旦夕祸福。 ;:&It is too late to grieve when the chance is past.B(*坐失良机，后悔已迟。 lIt never rains but it pours.mu=+不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。 sIt takes three generations to make a gentleman.=十年树木，百年树人。 %ttk)Jack of all trades and master of none.q u门门精通，样样稀松。 <yyuJudge not from appearances.1/人不可貌相，海不可斗量。 MJustice

56、has long arms.8U天网恢恢，疏而不漏。 LQKeep good men company and you shall be of the number.(近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 ,VKill two birds with one stone.K%6/4J一箭双雕。 sn7Kings go mad, and the people suffer for it.X90r君王发狂，百姓遭殃。 U9ZIKings have long arms.O普天之下，莫非王土。 Bj1Knowledge is power.i知识就是力量。 %U)gKnowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.E:FxG博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。 04Learn and live.,KG活着，为了学习。 $aLearning makes a good man better and ill man worse.w_好人越学越好，坏人越学越坏。 wbLearn not and know not.b不学无术。 _-)CLearn to