第一册-期末试卷.docx

1、Final ExaminationI. Vocabulary(20%)Directions: Fill in the blanks with words from the word bank. Change the form when necessary. None of the words can be used more than once. Write down your answers on the Answer Sheet.anticipateconfessconfusedconveniencedisciplineeffectiveemotionalinspirationorigin

2、alityreleaseroutinerudesacrificesignificantthrive1. Students and parents might get upset or at first, and that's ok, they'll learn.2. I don't think Americans are trying to be by not constantly saying please, but also that the reasons fbr not saying it have little to do with equality in t

3、he relationship.3. Today, Call of Duty: Black Ops / is onto the masses bringing with it the third and largestzombie mode ever in a Call of Duty title.4. Easy credit and consumer in the decades since have debilitated local and national economy,along with health and political will.5. I hope the “survi

4、val of the fittest" metaphor reminds us that nature creates an infinite diversityof life forms, giving them all a chance to.6. There is nothing in this crazy environment that is worth your personal or professional integrity7. A tree retention plan identifies the location, size and species of al

5、l trees on the site, and showswhich trees are proposed to be retained, transplanted or restored.8. Here's a great song from Matt Redman, one of the most gifted Christian music artists in theworld. Redman's music is filled with energy, faith, and reverence.9. I that this may not be that pragm

6、atic in terms of solving the problem, but I think it is interestingand possibly gives a larger context to the problem.1(). It's uncomfortable, extremely challenging, and breaks you out of your regular .II. Reading Comprehension (40%)Section A (20%)Directions: In the section, you arc going to rea

7、d a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the cor

8、responding letter on the Answer Sheet.Work-life Balance: Flex AppealA) Georgina Blizzard and Nicky Imrie decided they needed to find a more flexible working pattern when (hey became mothers. Having had jobs in public relations, which involved long hours and a lot of pressure, (hey felt their old sty

9、le of working would not suit their new responsibilities and decided to find a way to make the work they enjoyed fit in with their changed lives. They launched the PR Network in 2005, when Blizzard's eldest daughter, Isabella was just three months old. Both women work a thrcc-day week, and built

10、the running of (he company around the sort of flexibility (hey needed. They offer the same level ofKeys and Scoring Criteria1. Vocabulary (20%)1 .confused2. rude3. released4. convenience5. thrive6. sacrificing7. significant8.originality9. confess10. routine11. Reading Comprehension (40%)Section A (2

11、0%)11. B12. F13. D14. H15. A16.117. C18.119. H20. GSection B (20%)21. D22. D23. A24. B25. C26. C27. B28. D29. D30. BIII. Translation (20%)Section A (10%)31. 当学生们需要更深入地钻研某个课题并主动地参与自主学习时，我总会把这门课的部分 教学活动交给他们主导。32. 无论学生们是为了独享一张宽敞的桌子，或方便就近查阅学术资料和参考资料，还是单 单为了能在住处之外找到一个碰头的中心场所，图书馆都是他们集中学习和完成小组项 目的理想地方.33.

12、这理应是一个发展过程。当你有能力在论文中讨论这些问题，并加以出色的阐述时，你 对这些问题及其复杂性的认识也会随之得到提升。34. 一份生活预算计划就是一份开支指南(或者是一款开支管理软件)，能保证你的花销不超 过收入，因为它能帮你量入为出。35. 大学生活杂糅着许多欢闹的经历，因为里面交融着宿舍里发生的种种引人捧腹的趣事。Section B (10%)36. "Why none of your paintings has a frame?55 a friend asked. I smiled, "There are too many of them in the world

13、. I don't want to add one. Besides, a picture without a frame doesn't limit the vision of the viewer. What is meant in my picture often goes beyond the canvas, which is too small fbr me." Since our childhood, frames or rather regulations and restrictions have been imposed on us one afte

14、r another by our parents, teachers or even ourselves. When a person is beset by them, he or she follows the set patterns and loses flexibility in dealing with difficulties. There arc few resources within the set patterns but without, situations arc quite different. The world is full of regulations,

15、which become so many pitfalls. Nobody knows how many talents have been ensnared and stifled. Only those endowed with great wisdom and courage can shake off the yoke of convention to push forward human civilization.IV. Writing (20%)37. 16-20 PointsPresents a clear position throughout the response; lo

16、gically organizes information and ideas; there is clear progression throughout; uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision, uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation; uses a variety of complex structures, produces frequent error-fr

17、ee sentences.12-15 PointsPresents a relevant position although the conclusions may become unclear or repetitive; uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be faulty or mechanical; uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task, attempts to use less common

18、 vocabulary but with some inaccuracy; uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms, makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication.0-11 PointsExpresses a position but the development is not always clear and there may be no conclusions drawn; makes inadequate, in

19、accurate or over use of cohesive device, may be repetitive because of lack of referencing and substitution; uses a limited range of vocabulary, but this is minimally adequate for the task, may make noticeable errors in spelling and/or word formation that may cause some difficulty for the reader; use

20、s only a limited range of structures, attempts complex sentences but these tend to be less accurate than simple sentences.flexibility to the freelance( 由职业的)associates, matching companies of all sizes looking for freelance support with workers with the right skill set who are happy to take on contra

21、cts that fit in with their preferred pattern of hours.B) While technology now enables many workers to do their things from anywhere, a( any lime, recently developed forms of “extremely flexible'' working are providing a way into the workplace for more people with lifestyles that can't ea

22、sily acconunodate a regular working pattern. Shaking up the workplace does not just help individuals. Winghani Rowan, founder of Slivers-of-Time, a social enterprise that has devised a system allowing people to sell their available working time through an online marketplace, believes extremely flexi

23、ble working could hold the key to a brighter future for employment in the UK."Wc have to start thinking in terms of work, not jobs," says Rowan.C) Slivers-of-Time developed a web-based system to allow people to sell their time online to employers in tiny blocks of two hours or more, on day

24、s that suit them. More geared up for in-house staff than home workers. Slivers workers post their CV and their availability and employers can book them to cover busy periods or do a temporary piece of work. Ideal for carers, parents and anyone who wanted to use a few spare hours to earn money but fo

25、und it difficult to hold down a regular job with one employer because of personal commitments, it was awarded government funding as a means to tackle worklessness.D) “The system has been particularly embraced by smaller companies," says Rowan. Smaller firms enjoy the opportunity to take on work

26、ers to cover small bits of lime, minimising costs and enabling them to cover busy periods. "There is an office supplies company that knows the best time to call potential buyers is between certain times on a Tuesday and Wednesday, so it books staff to cover those times. Then there's a T-shi

27、rt printing company that books extra staff if they have a big order to fulfill. And the City of London has found that library inquiries arc busier during the school holidays, so it takes on staff to cover those periods.E) The model works well for small companies, but Slivers now has a number of larg

28、e household names using its system. Helen Turner, recruitment and development manager for John Lewis in Cambridge, used Slivers-of-Tinie to cover the extremely busy Christmas period. "Slivers-of-Time meant we could cover gaps as small as two hours," Turner says. "Once they were hired

29、they worked various hours across the week, depending on their circumstances. We were able to call on extra resources quickly and they supported our pariners."Shc says many of the staff were students, while some were carers, and the flexible model suited both the store and the staff well.F) Flex

30、ible hiring also works well for another household name, Adobe, which uses PR Network's associates to support its existing analyst relations team. Timothy Brook, senior manager of analyst relations at Adobe, says, “We were looking fbr skilled, knowledgeable and motivated individuals who could wor

31、k without the day-to-day management or direction often required by an agency model, and who could work directly with senior management within Adobe in the UK on a number of projects."PR Network is in the enviable position of having grown during a recession, but although the downturn has pushed

32、a higher number of people into self-employment, organisations involved in flexible working practices say it can't take all the credit.G) Xenios Thrasyvoulou, founder of PeoplePerHour (PPH), an online service that allows freelance workers to bid for contracts offered by businesses, says the movem

33、ent towards extremely flexible working for all skill levels was already under way when the recession took hold. PPH was launched in 2007, and now has 35,000 freelancers registered on its books, and 43.000 businesses, mostly small. Thrasyvoulou says the changes in working practice arc "not just

34、a recessionary efiecf,. "What is happening is a longer-term trend which has been accelerated by the recession, and one that is led by small businesses which are always more creative."H) Both the public sector and small businesses in (he private sector are moving towards flexible styles of

35、working, according to Andy Lake, editor of the online journal flexibility.co.uk. Tn the public sector, more and more contractors are being taken onLakc says. "There's evidence that things are working in different ways. In the private sector, the biggest growth area is small businesses, whic

36、h arc keen to grow turnover but not personnel."Even larger firms echo this opinion. As Adobe's Brook says,"Due to the uncertain economy, we wanted the ability to 'dial up and dial down' our commitment based on available budgets and levels of work."This "flexing up and

37、 down" of the workforce may be key to the future of industry, opening doors for more people to pursue extremely flexible styles of working.I) According to the Confederation of British Business s Shape of Business report, published lastNovember, organisations will increasingly "move to a ne

38、w employment model where the core of permanent staff is smaller and a greater number of freelancers, consultants and temporary workers are used". All in all, it's good news fbr people hoping fbr greater control of their work-life balance. "More organisations have adopted flexible worki

39、ng practices as a way of saving jobs during the recession, says Gillian Nissim, founder of Workingmums.co.uk. 44We hope this will not just be a stop-gap measure to save money but will bring lasting changes to the UK's working culture, making it easier fbr women and men to balance work and family

40、 life and giving employers the diverse and committed workforce they need to thrive.”11. Shaking up the workplace not only helps individuals but is the key to a brighter future for employment in the UK.12. PR Network may be envied because it has grown even in economic downturn.13. The benefit of hiri

41、ng temporary workers for small companies is to cover the busiest time with minimum cost.14. The key to the fiiture of industry may lie in "flexing up and down" of the workforce.15. Working mothers would consider jobs in public relations not suitable fbr them because that kind of job often

42、involves long working hours.16. It is hoped that the flexible working practice would bring diverse and committed staff to employers.17. The UK government offered financial assistance to Slivers-of-Time so as to decrease the unemployment rate.18. Organisations will move to a new employment model in w

43、hich the number of temporary workers will increase while the number of permanent staff will fall down.19. Both the public sector and small businesses in the private sectors are increasingly willing to adopt flexible working style.20. The movement towards extremely flexible working, accelerated by th

44、e recession, is a long-term trend.Section B (20%)Directions: There are two passages in this section. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding

45、letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Alex Pang's amusing new book The Distraction Addiction addresses those of us who feel panic without a cellphone or computer. And that, he claims, is pretty much all of us. When we're not online, where

46、 we spend four months annually, we're engaged in the stressful work of trying to get online.The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book. It's a thoughtful examination of the dangers of our computing overdose and a historical oven iew of how technological advances change consc

47、iousness. A professional futurist, Pang urges an approach which he calls contemplative (沉思的)computing'. He asks that you pay full attention to "how your mind and body interact with computers and how your attention and creativity are influenced by technology,.Pang's first job is to free

48、you from common misconception that doing two things at once allows you to get more done. What is commonly called multitasking is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its hannful effects on productivity are well documented. Pang doesn't advocate returning to a pre-Internet world. Instead, he asks you to

49、 “take a more ecological view of your relationships with technologies and look for ways devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life harder'',The Distraction Addiction is particularly fascinating on how technologies have change

50、d certain field of labor ften for the worse. For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. As one architect puts it, "Architecture is first and foremost about thinking. and drawing is a more productive way of thinking'' tha

51、n computer-aided design. Somewhat less amusing are Pang's solutions fbr kicking the Internet habit. He recommends (he usual behavior-modificalion approaches, familiar to anyone who has completed a not smoking program. Keep logs to study your online profile and decide what you can knock out, down

52、load a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a "digital Sabbath (安息、日)"："Unless you're a reporter or emergency-department doctor, you'll discover that your world doesn't fall apart when you go offline."21. Alex Pang's new book is aimed f

53、br readers who.A. find (heir work online too stressfulB. go online mainly fbr entertainmentC. are fearful about using the cellphone or computerD. can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet22. What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book?A. Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively.

54、B. Warn people of the possible dangers of Internet use.C. Predict the trend of future technological development.D. Examine the influence of technology on the human mind.23. What is the common view on multitasking?A. It enables people to work more efficiently.B. It is in a way quite similar to switch

55、-tasking.C. It makes people's work and life even harder.D. It distracts people's attention from uscfiil work.24. What does the author think of computer-aided design?A. It considerably cuts down the cost of building design.B. It somewhat restrains architects, productive thinking.C. It is indi

56、spensable in architects5 work process.D. It can free architects from laborious drawing.25. What is Alex Pang's recommendation for Internet users?A. They use the Internet as little as possible.B. They keep a record of (heir computer use time.C. They exercise self-control over their time online.D.

57、 They entertain themselves online on off-days only.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The promise of new possessions is powerful. Evolution has cultivated that force: Wc need resources to survive. We want to be seen as successful. We relish portraying our identity to (h

58、e world. And the anticipation of a purchase delivers a hit of dopamine. Ownership serves an important purpose, but it also contributes to looming global challenges, argues University of Bristol psychologist Bruce Hood. His book. Possessed, exposes the roots of materialism as a first step toward brin

59、ging overconsumption under control.How did the concept of ownership arise? Hunter gatherers don't have a lot of possessions, because they can't carry too many things around. Once wc settled into societies, we started to accumulate wealth, so we needed rules to regulate who had access to reso

60、urces and who could claim ownership. If you're not presentif you wanted to go off and raid another tribe一those rules made sure your resources would still be there when you came back. That concept doesn't exist elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Ownership allowed us to claim resources and transfer wealth through inheritance一one of the mechanisms that established modern society.Wh