Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof知识点整理知识点整理

1、 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?语法一般现在时的被动语态1.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者Cats eat fish. (主动语态）Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)2.一般现在时的标志词一般现在时常与often(经常),usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,等频度副词连用，它们在句中的位置是实前系后情助后。另外every day,every morning,等，也是一般现在时的信息标志词。它们通常放在句首或句末。3.一般现在时分

2、为主动语态和被动语态：4.一般现在时主动语态的构成：一般现在时主动语态可以分成两类:一类是带be的，另一类是带实义动词的。带be的各种句式的构成(1)肯定句的构成是：主语+ is/am/ are +其他 She is a student.(2)否定句的构成是：主语+is/am/are + not +其他 She isnt a student. (3)一般疑问句的构成是：Is/Am/Are+主语+其他? Is she a student?肯定回答是：Yes，主语+is/am/are Yes,she is.否定回答是：No，主语+is/am/are +not No,she isnt(4)特殊疑问句

3、的构成是：疑问词+ is/am/are+主语+其他？She is a student?What is she?带实义动词的各种句式的构成(1)肯定句的构成是:主语+ 动词原形/三单+其他Chinese people speak Chinese.(2)否定句的构成是:主语+ dont/doesnt +动词原形+其他 Chinese people dont speak Chinese.(3)一般疑问句的构成是:Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他? Do Chinese people speak Chinese? Yes,they do.No,they dont肯定回答是:Yes,主语+do/d

4、oes.否定回答是:No,主语+dont/doesnt (4)特殊疑问句的构成是：疑问词+ do/does +主语+动词原形+其他?？Chinese people speak Chinese. What language do Chinese people speak?5.一般现在时被动语态的构成：主语+is/am/are+动词过去分词+by短语+其他 Chinese is spoken by Chinese people.(1)否定句的构成是: 主语+is/am/are+not+动词过去分词+by短语+其他Chinese isnt spoken by Chinese people.(2)一般

5、疑问句的构成是: Is/Am/Are+主语+动词过去分词+by短语+其他 Is Chinese spoken by Chinese people.Yes,it is.No,it isnt肯定回答是：Yes，主语+is/am/are否定回答是：No，主语+is/am/are +not(3)特殊疑问句的构成是：疑问词+ is/am/are+主语+动词过去分词+by短语+其他 Chinese is spoken by Chinese people. Who is Chinese spoken by?(1)People use stamps for sending letters.(改为被动语态) S

6、tamps for sending letters by people.(2)We use a recorder in our English class.(改为被动语态) A recorderin our English class by.(3)One of the classroom is often cleaned.(改为否定句) One of the classroomoften. (4)This kind of paper is made of wood.(就画线部分提问)this kind of paperof? (5)This orphan is taken care of by

7、 an old lady.(改为一般疑问句)this orphancare of by an old lady?(6)Is it used for cutting things?.A.Yes,it is B.No,it is C.Yes,it isnt D.No,it used(7) This kind of bikein Suzhou.A. is made B. makesC. is making D. made(8)_ tea plants grown in Hangzhou?A. DoB. DidC. IsD. Are(9)English is usedmost people in th

8、e world.A. for B.as C.by D.to(10)New computersall over the world.A.is used B.are using C.are used D.have usedSection A1.由be made构成的短语： (1)be made from意为“由（原料）制成”，表示某物品制成后，已看不出原材料是什么，原材料在制作过程中已起了化学变化；Paper is made from wood. Wine is made from grapes.(2)be made of意为“由（原料）制成”，表示某物品制成后，仍可看得出原材料，其原料在制作过程

9、中仅起了物理变化。The desk is made of wood. The shoes are made of cloth.(3)be made in+地点意思是“在（地点）被制造”，介词in后接产地。This kind of computer is made in the USAThis printing machine was made in Beijing.(4)be made by+某人意思是“由制造”，介词by后跟动作的执行者。This model ship is made by Uncle Wang. (1)This kitepaper. (2)Paperwood. (3)The

10、 machinesthe workers. (4)The cakeeggs and flour. (5)The old bridgestone. (6)This kind of drinkapple. (7)This kind of watchShanghai. (8)My sweaterwool.2.leaf为可数名词，意为“叶子”，复数形式是 leaves。shelf-shelves(架子) thief-thieves(小偷) knife-knives（刀） life-lives(生命) wife-wives(妻子)3.famous是形容词，意为“著名的，有名的”同义词是known，反义词

11、是unknown(1)be famous for=be known for“因而出名”China is famous for the Great Wall.(2)be famous as=be known as“作为而出名”Michael Jackson is famous as a singer.(1)Well have dinner at Qianxilong Restaurant,which is famousits seafood.A.of B.to C.for D.as(2)Lu Xun(鲁迅)was famous _ a writer.A. for   

12、;    B. as         C. of          D. with4.区分like/such as和 for example(1)like做介词，意为“像”，用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子，后面不能有逗号，相当于 such asThere are many kinds of fruit in the supermarket,like /such as apples,ban

13、anas and pears.(2)for example意为“例如”，列举同类人或物中的一个例子，其后要用逗号隔开。Id like to keep a pet,for example, a cat.(1)Many heroes are ready to help others,Lei Feng,.A.such as B. like C. for example D. example(2) Many girls like red,Ann and Lucy.A. that is B.for example C. namely D. such as5.widely是副词，意为“广泛地，普遍地”，修

14、饰动词。 English is widely used in the world.6.as far as I know意为“据我所知”。其中作从属连词，as far as意为“就来说”，引导状语从句，强调程度或围。 As far as I know,he has been abroad.7.grow意为“种植”或“生长”。过去式和过去分词是grew,grown.短语grow up意为“长大” Theyre growing rice. I want to be a teacher when I grow up.8.by hand意为“用手”The shoes are made by hand.T

15、his pair of shoeshand,and itvery comfortable. A.is made with;is felt B.are made from;is felt C.are made of;feels. D.is made by;feels9.It seems/seemed that意为“似乎是”(相当于“从句的主语+seem+to do”) It seemed that he would never be able to work out the question.It seems that he is right=He seems to be right.that

16、they havent known the news.A.It seems BIt seemed C.They seem D.They seemed10.all over the world=around the world意为“全世界，世界各地” Our friends are all over the world.11.与good相关的常见搭配(1)be good at意为“擅长” =do well in I am good at math.=I do well in math.(2)be good for 意为“对有益” 反义词组是be bad for“对有害处”Swimming is

17、good for our health.(3)be good to意为“对好” be friendly to sb=be kind to sbShe is good to us.Miss Read is good _musicShe can be good with children in the music club.A.at, B.with C.for D.to12.bothand意为“和两者都”，其否定短语是意为neithernor“既不也不”，同义词组是not onlybut also“不但而且” Both he and I are from Beijing.=Not only he

18、but also I am from Beijing. Neither he nor I am from Beijing.I hearyour grandpayour grandma like watching Beijing Opera.Right,just as many old people do in our city. A.both;and B.either;or C.neigher;nor D.not only;but also13.no matter what=whatever意为“无论什么” No matter what you say,I wont believe you.1

19、4.find+it+形容词+(for sb) to do sth意为“发现做某事对某人来说怎么样”it是形式宾语，to do sth是真正的宾语I found it very difficult to learn how to drive.We findnecessary to protect the earth.A.it B. this C. that D. what15.find sb doing sth意为“发现某人正在做某事” I found her standing at the door.16. would like“想要”= want后面接三种形式(1)would like st

20、h“想要某物”Id like some dumplings. (2)would like to do sth“想要做某事” Theyd like to play football after school. (3)would like sb to do sth.“想要某人做某事”Shed like me to go shopping with her. (1)Id like them _（stay）for dinner with us.(2)They want some green tea.（同义句）They _ _ _ green tea. (3)My brother would like_

21、 a friend of _. A. to see, him B. seeing, him C. to see, his D. seeing, his17.hardly是否定词，意为“几乎不”。Speak aloud,please! I canhear you. A.usually B.almost C.hardly D.nearly18.by的用法(1)by表示移动方向，意为“经过”。 My mother goes by the building every day.(2)by+交通工具，“乘”I go to school by bike.(3)by表示位置，意为“在旁”Jim sat do

22、wn by the window.(4)by表示时间，意为“不迟于”I have to go to bed by ten oclock.(5)by表示方式与手段，意为“通过，靠”Jackson studied Chinese by listening to tapes.19.be allowed to do sth 意为“被允许做某事”。其否定形式为be not allowed to do sth意为“不被允许做某事” Passengers are not allowed to smoke.Girl students in some schools are not allowedlong ha

23、ir. A.having B.have C.had D.to have20.不同的时间前面应用什么介词：(1)通常按照“in年in月in季节 on 天on 日on星期”的规则in 1998 在1998年 in January 在一月 in spring/summer/autumn/winter在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天 on that day在那天 on his birthday在他的生日（那天） on Teachers Day 在教师节on October first 在10月1日on Friday 在星期五(2)在几点钟用at，在一日中的黎明、正午、半夜也用at。 at six oclock

24、在六点钟 at noon / night在正午/晚上 (3)在某月某日用on,如on April fifth 在四月五日在某年某月某日用on,如 on April fifth,2008 在2008年四月五日在某年某月用in,如in May,2007 在2007年五月（注意：看最后一个词）(4) in the morning/afternoon/evening “在早上/下午/晚上”，但当早上/下午/晚上有修饰词修饰时用on 如：on Friday morning =on the morning of Friday 在星期五早上on a hot afternoon在一个炎热的下午(1)Li Mi

25、ngs birthday is _ April 11.A. on B. at C. in (2)My birthday is _ March.A. on B. at C. in (3)When were you born? I was born _.A. September, 1989 B. in July 7,1989 C. on June 1, 1989 (4)Students dont go to school _ Sundays.A. in B. at C. on (5)My father was born _ 1949.A. in B. at C. on (6)_ Day is on

26、 June first and _ Day is on September tenth. A.Childrens, Teachers B.Childrens, TeachersC.Childrens, Teacher D.Children, Teachers21.traffic意为“交通，路上行驶的车辆”，是不可数名词。表示交通量大时用heavy，表示交通量小时用light. Traffic is very heavy during the rush hours.22.France法国-French法语-Frenchman法国人Germany德国-German德语-German德国人23.记住

27、下面单词的复数形式。policewoman-policewomen(女警察) Frenchman-Frenchmen(法国人)German-Germans.(德国人)24.a cup to tea. 一杯茶 two cups of tea.两杯茶25.avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事” He avoidedmy questions. A.answer B.to answer C.answering D.answeredSection B1.a kind of一种 all kinds of各种各样的 different kinds of不同种类的 There is a kind

28、of sheep in the zoo. There are many different kinds of books in the library.2. a little =a bit =a little bit=kind of意为“一点儿；少许”都可以用来修饰形容词/副词。a little bit quiet.此外，a little还可以直接修饰不可数名词，而a bit须和of连用才可以修饰不可数名词。The weather here is a little bit hot. a little water=a bit of water一点儿水(1)What is your new fri

29、end like?She isshy.A. a bit of B. a lot of C. a little bit D. a kind of (2)Do you know that there are many differentanimals in the zoo?Yes,I do.And I also know that some of them arescaring. A.kinds of;kind of B.kinds of;kinds of C.kind of;kinds of D.kind of;kind of3.(1)learn to do sth意为“学习做某事”My you

30、nger brother is learning English.(2)learn from意为“向学习”We must learn from Lei Feng. (3)learn by oneself意为“自学”He learns French by himself.4.fly a kite=fly kites意为“放风筝” I flew a kite with my friends last weekend.fly to +某地 意为“乘飞机去某地”We flew to Beijing yesterday.5.hold意为“举行”=have，其过去式和过去分词都是held. They wi

31、ll hold a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow.6.由-or结尾的名词有：competitor(参赛者，竞争者) visitor(参观者) actor(演员) inventor(发明家) translator(翻译员)7.be from=come from意为“来自”They are from England.8.turn into意为“变成”， turn into意为“把变成” Water turns into ice when it freezes. The witch turned the prince into a frog.9.a

32、ccording to意为“根据；按照” According to what he said,it was a good thing.10.send out意为“放出，发出” The ship is sinking.Send out a distress signal.11. in trouble.意为“处于困境中”Dont laugh at people in trouble.in danger意为“处于危险中”12.be covered with意为“被覆盖着“ The ground is covered with snow.13.slow意为“慢的”，是形容词， slowly意为“慢地”

33、，是副词，修饰动词。 She is a slow reader. She opened the door slowly.14.rise into意为“上升到中” When the weather is cool,little bits of water rise into the air and form clouds.15. put on意为“把贴到上” She put the picture on the wall.16.与put相关的短语put away把收起来；放好 put on穿上 put off doing sth 推迟做某事 put down放下(1) It is a good

34、habit toall your things in correct places.A.put awayB. put up C. put out D.put off (2)Hi,Jack.Would you pleasethe picture on the wall?A. pick up B. look up  C. get up D.put 17.lively意为“生气勃勃的”He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.lovely意为“可爱的”。She is a lovely girl.18.

35、区分spend,pay,cost和take (1)人+ spend(spent)+时间/金钱+(in)doing sth或 on sthI spent five dollars (in)buying the book.I spent five dollars on the book.(2)人+pay(paid)+金钱+for sth I paid five dollars for the book.(3)物+cost(cost)+人+金钱 The book cost me five dollars.(4)It takes(took)+人+时间+to do sth.It took me five hours to finish homework.(1)I