选修6 Unit2 Art Grammar

1、虚虚 拟拟 语语 气气 IIII 虚拟语气虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood) 表示说话人所说的话表示说话人所说的话不是客观存在的事实不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的一种而是说话人的一种愿望愿望,假设假设, 建议或推测建议或推测。If I were you, I would study hard.IwishedIcouldflytothemoon. 虚拟语气在 if 非真实条件句中从句从句谓语形式谓语形式主句主句谓语形式谓语形式对对过去过去虚拟虚拟对对现在现在虚拟虚拟对对将来将来虚拟虚拟had doneshould/ would/ could/ might + have don

2、edid/ wereshould/ would/ could/ might + doshould/ would/could/ might + do 1. did 2. should do 3. were to doIf he had won the game, he wouldnt have been so sad.If you had taken my advice, you would not have lost his job. if引导的虚拟条件句，从句中若含有引导的虚拟条件句，从句中若含有were/ should/ had, 可可将将if省略省略，再把再把were/ should/

3、had移到从句句首移到从句句首，从句进行倒装。，从句进行倒装。If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.Had you studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.注意注意：否定词否定词not不能与不能与were/ should/ had一起提前一起提前。Had I not seen my idol then, I wouldnt have been very happy.1. If I were you, I would try it again.

4、_ I _, I would try it again. 2. If you had told me earlier, I would not have this problem now. _ you _ me earlier, I would not have this problem now. 3 . If you should make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed._ you _ a mistake, you should not be embarrassed.WereyouHadtoldShouldmake wish 引导的宾语从句

5、引导的宾语从句中的虚拟中的虚拟与与现在现在事实事实相反相反 与与过去过去事实事实相反相反 与与将来将来 事实事实相反相反 过去时（过去时（ did/ were ）had donewould/could/might doI wish I were a bird. 表示表示建议建议/ /命令命令/ /要求要求/ /请求请求等意义的词相关的等意义的词相关的宾宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句用虚用虚拟语气拟语气, ,从句谓语动词用从句谓语动词用(should)+V V原原。The doctor suggested that he (should) try

6、to lose his weight.It is suggested that we (should) start before sunrise.Their request is that their wages (should) be increased by 30%.He gave the advice that we (should) do the work carefully.insist (坚持要求坚持要求); suggest(建议建议); order; command; advise; propose; demand; require; request; desire; recom

7、mend; advise; ask等等动词动词。suggestion,advice,proposal,order,request， recommendation, command等等名词名词。错综时间条件句的虚拟错综时间条件句的虚拟 主从句的动作主从句的动作不是同时发生不是同时发生, , 此时此时主句主句和从句谓语动词和从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式的虚拟语气形式应分别应分别按照所指的时间来用不同的时态按照所指的时间来用不同的时态。 If he had follwed the doctors advice, he would recover now.If we had caught the fli

8、ght yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 含蓄条件句的虚拟含蓄条件句的虚拟with，without，but for( (要不是要不是) ), or, but, or else, otherwise等引导的含蓄条件句。等引导的含蓄条件句。He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he would have come to the party.I couldnt have gone through that hard period without your generous

9、help.I would have come sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.as if/as though从句从句以及以及if only 后的句子后的句子常用常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气。as if/as though/if only时间时间从句谓语动词的形式从句谓语动词的形式与与过去过去相反相反had done与与现在现在相反相反 一般过去时一般过去时(did/ were)与与将来将来相反相反 would/could/mightV原原 The teacher treats the pupil as if/ as thou

10、gh he were her own child. If only my friend were here with me. Its (high/about) time后的从句用虚拟语气。后的从句用虚拟语气。It is (high / about) time (that) sb. did; It is (high / about) time (that) sb. should do sth. 注意：注意：（should不可省略不可省略）It is high time you went to school.It is high time you should go to school.主语从句中

11、的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气（it作形式主语）作形式主语）It is+adj. / n. + that sb. (should) + do sth.It is a pity that he (should) fail.It is very important that we (should) work hard.Itisnecessarythateverymember(should) remembertheserules. would rather+宾语从句的虚拟宾语从句的虚拟对对现在现在/将来将来虚拟虚拟 did/were对对过去过去虚拟虚拟 had done即：即：would rathe

12、r sb. did/ had doneI would rather you came with us tomorrow.I would rather you had been here yesterday.If King Xiuxian _ (be) my teacher, I _ (study) harder.werewould studyIf I _ (not use) the Bawang shampoo two years before , I _ (not lose) half of my hair .hadnt usedwouldnt have lost柯震东（柯震东（Kai Ko

13、）If Kai Ko _ (not take) drugs, he _ still _ (be) the idol of many boys and girls now.hadnt takenwould beletters of admission If only/I wish I _ (be) one of them now.wereIf only/I wish I _ Tsinghua University next year！would/could be admitted to If I _（live）in Beijing, I _ (attend) the military parad

14、e marking the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II.livedwould have attended1.If you _ (be) a superstar , _ you_ (take) part in the program Where are we going, Dad with your kids?were takePractice makes perfect !would If I _(earn) enough money, I _ (buy) a ticket for Jay Chous concert last sum

15、mer holiday .had earnedwould have boughtPractice makes perfect ! But for Chinas donation during the earthquake in 2011,the Japanese_ (suffer) more.would have suffered Without the Chinese market, Japans economy _ (not develop) that fast today.would not developPractice makes perfect ! If the sea _ (ri

16、se) 500 feet in a few years , Maldives (马尔代夫马尔代夫) would be lost on the world.rose/ should rise/ were to rise_ I to win the lottery some day, I would invite all of you go to this paradise with me.WerePractice makes perfect !1.She stared at her husband as if he _ (be) a stranger. （2012福建）福建）were 2.I w

17、ould rather you _ (come) tomorrow instead of today. （2011广东）广东）came3.I would rather you_ (not see) the film last night . (2013山东山东)hadnt seen4.I wish it _ (be) spring all the year round.5.How I wish you _ (go ) with us next time. (2014浙江浙江) were could go6.Its time that you _ (leave) here. （2014海南）海南

18、）left/should leave 1. My boss often made me work day and night. If I _ you, I _ the job. （2012江苏模拟卷）A. am, will give up B. had been, would have given upC. were, would give upD. had been, would give up2. Its high time we _ our attention to this problem. (2013安徽卷安徽卷) A. turned B. turn C. had turned D.

19、 would turn3. If only you _ him what I said! Everything would have been all right. （2014湖南卷）湖南卷） A. didnt told B. hadnt told C. would not tell D. would have not told 4. Much labour would have been saved, if the electronic computers _ before.（2012广东卷）广东卷） A. had invented B. were invented C. should have been invented D. had been invented 5. _ surely, I would never have believed it. (2012盐城模拟卷盐城模拟卷) A. If I didnt see B. Have I not seen C. Had I not seen D. If I havent seen 6. If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. （2013上海卷）上海卷） A. followed B. should follow C. had fo