初中英语主谓一致精讲及练习有答案

1、初中英语讲解主谓一致主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，下面从两个方面来介绍：一、主谓一致应遵循的规则：1语法形式上的一致：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。例如：Jane and Mary look healthy and strongThe number of mistakes was surprising2意义上一致：1) 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。例如：The crowd were running for their lives单数形式表示复数意义的词有people，police，cattle，militia等。2)主语形

2、式为复数而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。 例如：The news was very exciting形复意单的单词有news，works(工厂)和一些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics，politics，mathematics等。3就近原则。即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，eitheror，neither.nor，not onlybut also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。例如：Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this二、主谓一致应注意的几个问题：1.由bothand

3、连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or,eitheror，neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。例如：Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。Either this one or that one is OK.这一个或那一个都行。2.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news,maths,physics等，例如：No

4、news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。3.a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。例：A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。The number of the students is over eight houndred. 我们学校学生数超过800人。4.当kind of,pair of, glass of 等表示确定

5、数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。例如：This pair of shoes is Toms.这双鞋是汤姆的。There are two glasses of wather on the table. 桌上有两杯水。5. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。6.以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。例如：There is a book and three pens on

6、the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔。Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。7.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如：Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。Nobody was in. 没有人在家。8. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复

7、数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。例如：The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)9. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体

8、时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如：People here are very friendly.这儿的人很友好。His family isnt large. 他家的人不多。My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。10.many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。例如：Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。11. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如：More than one student has ever be

9、en to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。12. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。13. 主语是each/every/no+单数名词+and(each/every/no)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Every man an

10、d every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。14. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。15. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：To see is to believe 眼见为实Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。16. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：A student or two has failed th

11、e exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。17.当主语部分含有with，toge ether with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。18.分数(百分数)+of +名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。但要注意population 一词，用作整体时

12、，谓语动词用单数，用其部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。Part of the work has been done by us .Ten percent of the apples were bad .The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70%of the population are peasants .19. 不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数

13、。例如：All of the work has been finished.All of the people have gone.20. 在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only， 就用复数形式。This is one of the most interesting questions that have been ask

14、ed. He was the only one of the students who was late for school.主谓一致练习题 1. The old _well looked after by the government in China. A. is B. are C. has been D. was 2. The secretary and manager _very busy now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeti

15、ng. A. has B. have C. are D. was 4. Tom as well as two of his classmates _invited to the party. A. was B. were C. have been D. had been 5. Either you or I _going to the teachers office after class. A. am B. is C. are D. will 6. Most of his spare time _spent in reading. A. are B. were C. was D. have

16、been 7. This is one of the best novels that _appeared this year. A.have been B. has C. had been D. have 8. Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum. A.are B. is C. were D. have 9. About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday. A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. Mr Smith， together with his children， _arri

17、ved. A.are B. has C. is D. have 11. It _I who _leaving for London. A.isis B. amis C. isam D. amam 12. Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of watching television. A. are B. were C. be D. is 13. When and where to build the new factory _yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. h

18、ave not decided 14. Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest _. A. are difficult B. has proved difficult C. is supposed difficult D. have been found difficult 15. That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all. A. is B. was C. are D. were 16. Half of his goods _ stolen the

19、other day. A. are B. were C. is D. was 17. Mathematics _the language of science. A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be 18. Each of the students _ a Chinese-English dictionary. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are 19. They each _ a beautiful handkerchief. A. have B. has C. there is D. there

20、are 20. Between the two rows of trees _the teaching building. A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are 21. This pair of shoes _made in Nanjing. A.is B. are C. have been D. had been 22. No one except my parents _anything about it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. have known 23. A number of students _fr

21、om the south. A. are B. is C. have D. has 24. The number of students from the north _small. A.are B. is C. have D. has 25. Writing stories and articles _what I enjoy most， A.is B. are C. was D. were 26. His “Selected Poems” _first published in 1965. A.were B. was C. has been D. are 27. Miss Smith is

22、 a friend of _. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers 28. A good deal of money _spent on books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been 29. On the wall _ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging 30. _turn green in spring. A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. L

23、eaves 31. Father went to his doctor for _about his heart trouble. A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices 32. All but one _here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 33. The number of people invited _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons. A. were； was B. was； was C.

24、 was； were D. were； were 34. The air in big cities _very dirty by factories. A. are often made B. is often made C. have often made D. has often made 35. Nobody _to smoke in the cinema. A. allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed 36. The Chinese people _hard-working and brave. A. are B. is C. has

25、 been D. are being 37. _can be done _been done. A. All； have B. All that； have C. All； has D. All that； has 38. John has two brothers， but either _out of work now. A. are B. is C. has D. have 39. The police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. A. is searching for B. were

26、searching for C. are searching for D. were searching 40. Apples of this kind _. A. tastes good B. tastes well C. taste good D. taste well 41. Your trousers _dirty， you must have _washed. A. is； it B. are； it C. are； them D. is； them 42. Where _rubbish， there are flies. A. there are B. there is C. is

27、 D. there has 43. The Olympic Games _held every _years. A. is； four B. are； four C. is； five D. are； five 44. Many a man _ come to help us. A. have B. has C. is D. are 45. He is the only one of the students who _elected. A. are B. have C. has D. is 46. Three-fourths of the homework _today. A. has fi

28、nished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished 47. Those who _ in _compositions， please hand them in this afternoon. A. hasnt handed； his B. havent handed； their C.has handed； their D. have handed； his 48. Jane is one of the best students in her class who _by their teacher. A. ar

29、e praised B. is praised C. praised D. praising 49. The whole class _the teacher attentively. A. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening 50. The United States of America _one of the most developed countries in the world. A. is B. are C. was D. were KEY： 1-5 BABAA 6-10 CDB

30、DB 11-15 CDABA 16-20 BCBAB 21-25 ABABA 26-30 BADBD 31-35 BDCBC 36-40 ADBBC 41-45 CBBBD 46-50 BBAAA 主谓一致专项练习一 单项选择：1. Eating vegetables_ good for our health.A. is B. are C. were D. was2. More than one person _ made the suggestion.A. was B. has C. were D. have3. I think _ of the materials I listened t

31、o at the beginning of the exam _ easy.A. two thirds; is B. second three; are C. two thirds; are D. two third; are4. Neither you nor Lin Hua _ to the Great Wall before.A. had been B. has gone C. has been D. have been5. The writer and teacher _ coming now.A. is B. are C. has D. have6. Something _ gone

32、 wrong with my TV set.A. has B. have C. is D. are7. Nothing but grass and trees _ the hill.A. covers B. cover C. covering D. are covering8. Physics _ more interesting than Maths, I think.A. are B. is C. was D. were9. Each student and each teacher _ to see the film.A. go B. wish C. are D. wants10. Ei

33、ther Tom or I _ to blame.A. to be B. am C. are D. is11. There _ a desk, two beds and four chairs in the room. A. is B. are C. has D. have12. Lucy, together with her two brothers, often _ to the park on Sundays.A. go B. goes C. are going D. is going13. There _ a pair of shoes on the floor. The shoes_

34、 mine.A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are14. None of that money on the table _ mine.A. is B. are C. been D. have15. Could you get me a piano, Mum? There _ enough room for one in our home.A. is B. are C. isnt D. arent16. The family I am staying with _ very friendly.A. is B. are C. was D. were

35、17. Our team _ the World Cup!A. has won B. have won C. are won D. is won18. Our country _ great changes in the last 30 years.A. experience B. experiences C. has experienced D. experiencing19. The police _ having a meeting in their office at ten yesterday.A. is B. are C. was D. were20. The number of

36、people invited _ 50, but a number of them _absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were21. A library with 5000 books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered22. I told him what I was surprised _ his attitude towards h

37、is study. A. is B. was C. at is D. at was23. On the wall _ two large portraits(肖像). A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. are hung24. All that can be done _. A. has been done B. has done C. have done D. were done25. The singer and the dancer _ come to the meeting. A. has B. have C. are D. is26. I have finis

38、hed a large part of the book; the rest _ more difficult. A. is B. are C. was D. were27. The wounded(伤员) _ by the hospital. A. has taken in B. has been taken in C. have taken in D. have been taken in28. The following _ some other examples. A. are B. is C. was D. were29. The whole class _ the teacher

39、attentively(认真地). A. are listening B. is listening to C. are listening to D. is listening30. “All _ present and all _ going on well,” our manager said. A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are31. The rich _ not always happy. A. are B. is C. has D. have32. He is the very thief that the police _. A. is after B. is looking C. are after D. are looking33. The third and last chapter(章节) _ by Professor Chen. A. are written B. are writing C. is written D. is writing34.