初中英语国际音标表语音知识以及针对性练习

1、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。对于初学者来说，若采用集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。确实不易。笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。国际音标（英语语音）元音单元音前元音i:ieæ中元音:后元音u:u:a:双元音开合双元音eiaiiuau集中双元音iu辅音爆破音清辅音ptk浊辅音bdg摩擦音清辅音fsh浊辅音vzð破擦音清辅音ttrts浊辅音ddrdz鼻音（浊辅音）mn舌则音（浊辅音）lr半元音（浊辅音）wj英语国际标准音标练习元音 (20个)单元音12个前 元 音(4个)i:ie&#

2、230;后 元 音(5个):u:u中 元 音(3个):双元音8个合口双元音(5个)eiuaiaui集中双元音(3个)iu辅音 (28个)清 辅 音(11个)ptkfsttrtsh浊 辅 音(17个)bdgvzðd drdzlmnjwr语音知识: 1) 字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u 2) 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。即20个元音音素与28个辅音音素. 3) 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。 4) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。 5) 音节：

3、由元音与辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple，stu'dent，tea'cher，un'der'stand。 6) 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音 he，go，hi。 7) 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad，bed，sit，hot，cup; b)元音+辅音it。 8) 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/si

4、ti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help/æ/ fat/fæt/ have/hæv/ cat/kæt/ back/bæk/ hat/hæt/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ :/ horse/h: s/ saw/s:/ corn/k:n/ course/k:s/ salt/s:t/ / dog/dg/ pot/pt/ cost/kst/ what/wt/

5、 honest/nist/u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ / must/mst/ does/dz/ money/mni/ ugly/gli/ come/km/ /:/ nurse/n:s/ bird/b:d/ burn/b:n/ turn/t:n/ girl/g:l/ / better/bet/ never/nev/ worker/w:k/ welcome/welkm/ei/ may/mei/ name

6、/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eid/u/ no/nu/ home/hum/ hope/hup/ wrote/rut/ note/nut/ pose/puz/ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ baut/ south/sau/ house/haus/i/ boy/bi/ toy/ti/ noise/niz/ voice/vis/ point/pint/ coin/kin/i/ ear/i/

7、near/ni/ idea/aidi/ hear/hi/ mere/mi/ spear/spi/ / air/ tear/t/ care/k/ dare/d/ fair/f/ there/ð/ /u/ tour/tu/ poor/pu/ sure/u/ moor/mu/(停泊) your/ju/ /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tp/ cap/kæp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blæk/ bear/b/t/ let/let/ sat/sæ

8、t/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/d/ led/led/ sad/sæd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di/k/ lack/læk/ take/teik/ clock/klk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/wi:kend/g/ big/big/ lag/læg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s:f/ favorite/feivrit/v/ very/ver

9、i/ five/faiv/ fever/fi:v/ serve/s:v/ never/nev/ bath/ba:/(v洗澡) thick/ik/ mouth/mau/ breath/bre/(n呼吸) thought/:t/ author/´/ truth/tru:/ /ð/ the/ ð/ they/ðei/ that/ðæt/ mother/mð/ thus/ ðs/ then/ðen/s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kæps/ lik

10、es/laiks/ stops/stps/z/ close/kluz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/biz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ /t/ catch/kæt/ cheep/ti:p/ rich/rit/ watch/wt/ child/taild/ question/kwestn/ teach/ti:t/ challenge/tlind/ /d/ orange/rid/ large/la:d/ juice/du:s/ job/db/ /tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/

11、træk/dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/drik/ hundred/hndrid/ she/i:/ sharp/a:p/ fish/fi/ shock/k/ shoe/u:/ pleasure/ple/ measure/me/ television/telivin/ts/ lets/lets/ sports/sp:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/hændz/ birds/b:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ st

12、ands/stændz/h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/h:d/ half/ha:f/l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/l:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/m/ my/mai/ more/m:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men/n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ sing/si/ wing/wi/ ring/ri/ long/l/ beautiful/bju:t

13、fl/j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/mju:zik/ student/stju:dnt/ excuse/ikskju:z/ /w/ work/w:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin/ /r/ red/red/ road/rud/ write/rait/ wrong/r/ problem/prblm/ 音标综合练习1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ/bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /ri

14、d/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /pæk/ /gæp/ /kæg/ /næg/ /ræm/ /bætl/ /sed/ /hæpi/ /ten/ /red/ pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red /setl/ /træ/ /dipend/settle trash depend2./a:/ / :/ / / /u:/ /u/a:sk/ /ma

15、:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /d/ /l:n/ /n:t/ /p:z/ /fks/ /sk/ ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock /fa:/ /la:d / /ma:k/ /l:d/ /t:/ /st:m/ /pt/ /krp/ /t/ /prmis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise /huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /ru:/ /pul/ /wud/hook loose soot took mood

16、through pull wood3./ / /bz/ /dl/ /hri/ /glf/ /trbl/ /:n/ /s:f/ /t:n/ /beg/ /tk/ buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck/k:b/ /:k/ /merik / /sk/ /kæmp/ /svei/ /pveid/ /phæps/ curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps /b:lesk/ /m:d/ burlesque murder3./ei/ /u/ /a

17、i/ /au/ /i/keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /prpuz/ /mun/ /stun/ /uv/ /sait/kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /taipist/ /aust/ /mist/ /ist/ rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster4./i/ / /u/vi/ /f/ /d/ /sk/ /bun/ /gud/ /rurl/ /pi/ /klmbi/veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Co

18、lombia/mtiril/ /mistiris/material mysterious5./ /ð/mn/ /i:f/ /ðæt/ /ðæn/ /fei/ /tgeð/ /æk/ /ðmselvz/ month thief that than faith together thank themselves一. 找出画线部分读音不同的单词(每题2分,共20分)(  ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach(  ) 2. A. back B. fast C.

19、have D. map(  ) 3. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party(  ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good(  ) 5. A. book B. moody C. look D. cook(  ) 6. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu(  ) 7. A. push B. fun C. sun D. ugly(  ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over(  ) 9.

20、A. go B. no C. cold D. hot(  ) 10.A. like B. lion C. pizza D. Friday（）11AtooBclassroomCbroom Dafternoon（）12AhousesBspellCstudentDsister（）13AcolourBAmericanCdoctorDlicence（）14AteacherBseatCsweaterDplease（）15Awhich BwhoCwhatDwhere（）16Alittle BthingCwhiteDwith（）17Ayellow BbrownCwindowDknow（）18Awor

21、ry BskyConlyDmany（）19Aschool BchairCChinaDmuch（）20Athese BtheyCbrotherDthree( )21. A. brother B. come C. police D .mothers( )22. A .cinema B. climb C. sister D. film ( )23. A. these B. bath C. think D .health( )24 . A. morning B. color C. work D. doctor( )25. A. basement B. favorite C. basket D. tab

22、le( )26. A. island B. small C. ask D. helps( )27. A. mouth B. dangerous C. thousand D. about ( )28. A. beach B. meal C. theatre D. leave ( )29. A. how B. snow C. tomorrow D. own( )30. A. large B. language C. giraffe D. great 二根据音标写单词：blu: da:ns mu:n fa: laik geit tju:b flai lend priti lesn hæpi

23、 fæmili plei fks tgeð meni taig 三在单词音标的下面写出单词：1、单元音：2、双元音：3、清、浊辅音：I, 复习26个字母：1， 请按顺序默写出26个英文字母（含大小写）。2， 请写出5个元音字母。 3， 请写出21个辅音字母。 4， 请写出两个半元音字母。 5， 请写出12个以元音开头的字母。 6， 单项填空：( )1.1 There is “r”in the word “red”. A,a B,an C, the( )1,2 There is “s” in the word “small”. A,a B,an C, the ( )1. 3

24、There is “a” in the word “apple”. A,a B,an C, the ( )1.4 This is useful book. A,a B,an C, the ( ) 1.5 This is interesting book. A,a B,an C, the48个英语音标表II，复习48个音标：1， 请写出20个元音。 2， 请写出28个辅音。 3， 请判断下列单词有几个音节。an and ago after student mother father apple little bottle seven eight eleven 音标英语国际标准音标练习元音 (20

25、个)单元音12个前 元 音(4个)i:ieæ后 元 音(5个):u:u中 元 音(3个):双元音8个合口双元音(5个)eiuaiaui集中双元音(3个)iu辅音 (28个)清 辅 音(11个)ptkfsttrtsh浊 辅 音(17个)bdgvzðd drdzlmnjwr语音知识: 1) 字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u 2) 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。即20个元音音素与28个辅音音素. 3) 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。 4) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成

26、音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。 5) 音节：由元音与辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple，stu'dent，tea'cher，un'der'stand。 6) 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音 he，go，hi。 7) 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad，bed，sit，hot，cup; b)元音+辅音it。 8) 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ /i/ i

27、t /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help/æ/ fat/fæt/ have/hæv/ cat/kæt/ back/bæk/ hat/hæt/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ :/ horse/h: s/ saw/s:/ corn/k:n/ course/k:s/ salt/s:t/ / dog/dg/ pot

28、/pt/ cost/kst/ what/wt/ honest/nist/u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ / must/mst/ does/dz/ money/mni/ ugly/gli/ come/km/ /:/ nurse/n:s/ bird/b:d/ burn/b:n/ turn/t:n/ girl/g:l/ / better/bet/ never/nev/ worker/w:k/ welcome/

29、welkm/ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eid/u/ no/nu/ home/hum/ hope/hup/ wrote/rut/ note/nut/ pose/puz/ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ baut/ south/sau/ house/haus/i/ boy/bi/ toy/ti/ noise/niz/ voice/vis/ point/pi

30、nt/ coin/kin/i/ ear/i/ near/ni/ idea/aidi/ hear/hi/ mere/mi/ spear/spi/ / air/ tear/t/ care/k/ dare/d/ fair/f/ there/ð/ /u/ tour/tu/ poor/pu/ sure/u/ moor/mu/(停泊) your/ju/ /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tp/ cap/kæp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blæk/ bear/b/

31、t/ let/let/ sat/sæt/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/d/ led/led/ sad/sæd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di/k/ lack/læk/ take/teik/ clock/klk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/wi:kend/g/ big/big/ lag/læg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s:f/ favor

32、ite/feivrit/v/ very/veri/ five/faiv/ fever/fi:v/ serve/s:v/ never/nev/ bath/ba:/(v洗澡) thick/ik/ mouth/mau/ breath/bre/(n呼吸) thought/:t/ author/´/ truth/tru:/ /ð/ the/ ð/ they/ðei/ that/ðæt/ mother/mð/ thus/ ðs/ then/ðen/s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/kei

33、ks/ caps/kæps/ likes/laiks/ stops/stps/z/ close/kluz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/biz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ /t/ catch/kæt/ cheep/ti:p/ rich/rit/ watch/wt/ child/taild/ question/kwestn/ teach/ti:t/ challenge/tlind/ /d/ orange/rid/ large/la:d/ juice/du:s/ job/db/ /tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/

34、 trouble/traubl/ track/træk/dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/drik/ hundred/hndrid/ she/i:/ sharp/a:p/ fish/fi/ shock/k/ shoe/u:/ pleasure/ple/ measure/me/ television/telivin/ts/ lets/lets/ sports/sp:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/hændz/ birds/b:dz/ friends

35、/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stændz/h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/h:d/ half/ha:f/l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/l:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/m/ my/mai/ more/m:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men/n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ sing/si/ wing/wi/ ring/ri/

36、long/l/ beautiful/bju:tfl/j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/mju:zik/ student/stju:dnt/ excuse/ikskju:z/ /w/ work/w:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin/ /r/ red/red/ road/rud/ write/rait/ wrong/r/ problem/prblm/ 音标综合练习1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ/bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid/ /dig/

37、 /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /pæk/ /gæp/ /kæg/ /næg/ /ræm/ /bætl/ /sed/ /hæpi/ /ten/ /red/ pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red /setl/ /træ/ /dipend/settle trash depend2./a:/ / :

38、/ / / /u:/ /u/a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /d/ /l:n/ /n:t/ /p:z/ /fks/ /sk/ ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock /fa:/ /la:d / /ma:k/ /l:d/ /t:/ /st:m/ /pt/ /krp/ /t/ /prmis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise /huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /ru:/ /pul/ /wud/hoo

39、k loose soot took mood through pull wood3./ / /bz/ /dl/ /hri/ /glf/ /trbl/ /:n/ /s:f/ /t:n/ /beg/ /tk/ buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck/k:b/ /:k/ /merik / /sk/ /kæmp/ /svei/ /pveid/ /phæps/ curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps /b:lesk/ /m:d/ burles

40、que murder3./ei/ /u/ /ai/ /au/ /i/keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /prpuz/ /mun/ /stun/ /uv/ /sait/kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /taipist/ /aust/ /mist/ /ist/ rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster4./i/ / /u/vi/ /f/ /d/ /sk/ /bun/ /gud/ /rurl/ /pi/ /klmbi/veer affair dare scare bour

41、n gourd rural appear Colombia/mtiril/ /mistiris/material mysterious5./ /ð/mn/ /i:f/ /ðæt/ /ðæn/ /fei/ /tgeð/ /æk/ /ðmselvz/ month thief that than faith together thank themselves一. 找出画线部分读音不同的单词(每题2分,共20分)(  ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach(  )

42、 2. A. back B. fast C. have D. map(  ) 3. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party(  ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good(  ) 5. A. book B. moody C. look D. cook(  ) 6. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu(  ) 7. A. push B. fun C. sun D. ugly(  ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over(  ) 9. A. go B. no C. cold D. hot(  ) 10.A. like B. lion C. pizza D. Friday（）11Ato