2018年高考英语语法填空题解题技巧

1、 .wd.2017全国高考英语新题型语法填空题解题技巧Instructor: Adam Pan语法填空解密根底篇语法填空只有十个空，加上还没有选项，那么语法填空要考察的东西会比拟有限，这样就形成了一定有规律的东西，未必就比语法选择题难做。语法填空考察形式有两种：有提示词、无提示词。童鞋们最头疼的应该是没有提示词的吧，根底差的童鞋连句子成分都搞不清，根本没有做题思路。那么我们就先从没有提示词的入手，让语法小白们享受一下虐题的快感。第一局部：无提示词先看以下例句：I met himin a shopwhich sells fruitwhenI was seeing whatI like.这些句子是

2、一样的，我只是想通过这种方式给大家一个直观的感受。标黄色的局部就是通常要考察的局部，也就是说一个句子通常会有七个位置的考点，这些位置考察的内容比拟固定，我们逐个分析。(以下行文中“_被简称为“空。)无提示考点一：(代词主格)_ met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.要填的是句子的主语，主语通常由名词或代词充当，如果没有任何提示，不可能填名词，只能根据上下文的内容填代词。代词通常要看“空之前的局部。比方：The boy likes football. _ often plays football aft

3、er school. 根据上下文的意思，要填的代词只能指代“空前面的the boy，所以此空填He。但代词中有一个特例“it。it既可以向前指代，也可以向后指代，如果“空后面有be + 名词或形容词 + to do或that从句的时候，那么这个“空根本就是填it了。例如：_ is easy to finish the homework. 或_ is a good choice that you decide to go there.这两道题都填it。【小结】：句首是“空，“空后面紧跟谓语动词，那么此“空考察代词主格。无提示考点二：(代词宾格)Tom is my friend. I met _

4、in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.和考点一类似，重复的不再说，根本也是要填代词的，但不同之处在于：此处的宾语要用宾格形式。此题met是及物动词所以后面直接填宾语，并填代词的宾格：him，而不是he。如果句子里的谓语动词是不及物动词，那么不及物动词后面还要加上介词之后才能加上宾语，例如：I live with _. 这里的“空也只能填代词，如果要填he，那么同样要采用宾格形式：him。另外，关于it的那个特殊用法在宾语局部表达的是： _ + 形容词或名词 + to do或that从句。例如：The method c

5、an make _ easy to finish the homework. 或 We all consider _ a good choice that you decide to go there. 这两道题都填it。【小结】：如果“空前是动词(都是及物动词)或者介词，那么“空考察代词宾格。无提示考点三：(冠词)I met him in _ shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.此题中的shop是可数名词，可数名词是制止裸奔的。所谓不能裸奔就是不能既没有冠词，也不能没有复数形式，要写成a shop, 或one shop,

6、或shops, 或two shops或the shop等等，绝对不能只写成shop。只有不可数名词才有资格裸奔，比方water，但不可数名词只能加定冠词the修饰，不能用不定冠词a或an。所以，如果“空后面是裸奔的可数名词，那么一定是填冠词的，而且大多数情况是填不定冠词a或an。例如：I met _ boy on the street. 这里要填a。另外，如果这个裸奔的可数名词在上句出现过，这时候才可能填定冠词the再次提到，表示特指。例如：I met a boy on the street. _ boy is waiting for a taxi. 这时候boy再次出现，表示特指，所以填th

7、e。不可数名词很少被考到，因为很局限，前面只能填定冠词the。【小结】：如果“空后是裸奔的可数名词，必填a或an。如果“空后面的名词在上一句重复出现，必填the。无提示考点四：(介词)I met him _ a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.当一个“空后面紧跟完整的名词(不裸奔的名词)，同时名词后面没有紧跟谓语动词，那么此“空只能填介词。比方此题中，“空后面是完整的名词a shop包含冠词的名词，没有裸奔，很完整，同时名词shop后面又没有紧跟谓语动词，这明显是要填介词的节奏。这个时候就要熟悉各种介词的本质含义，以及介

8、词的一些固定搭配。此题比拟简单，根据语境，填in，表示在里面。【小结】：如果“空后名词不裸奔，同时名词后又不紧跟谓语动词，那么此“空必定填介词。无提示考点五：(定语从句连词)I met him in a shop _ sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.如果童鞋们不懂定语从句，那么我们可以固定记一下格式：“空前是名词，“空后是动词或者主谓构造并缺少宾语，那么就要填who或which。“空前面的名词是人，就填who，“空前面的名词是物，就填which。例如：I like the book _ makes me laugh. 此句“空前面是名词boo

9、k，“空后面是动词makes，符合定语从句特征，因为“空前面是book，所以填which。再例如：I like the person _ you hate. 此句“空前面是名词person，“空后面是you hate主谓构造，而且是缺少宾语的缺少憎恨的对象，如果是完整写法，应该是类似I hate him这样的主谓宾构造，也符合定语从句的特征，因为“空前面是person，所以填who。定语从句有时候还会考察where和when，以后还会细讲，根底篇局部只需要记住最常考的which和who。【小结】：如果“空前是名词，“空后是动词或者主谓构造并缺少宾语，那么就要填who或which。如果“空前面的

10、名词是人，就填who；如果“空前面的名词是物，就填which。无提示考点六：(名词性从句连词)I met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing _ I like.“空的前面不是名词，并且“空的后面是动词或主谓构造并缺少宾语(此考点和之前的考点五非常相似，区别在于“空的前面是否是名词)，那么就要填what或who，如果“空后面的句子里缺少的是物，就填what，如果缺少的是人就填who。例如：_ appears on TV is very valuable. 此句开头就是“空，所以“空的前面不是名词，而且“空的后面是动词，所以要填wha

11、t或who。根据语境，“有价值的应该是形容物的，所以最终填what。再例如：I dont like _ he does. 此句的“空前面是动词like，所以也符合“不是名词的特征，而且“空的后面是主谓构造he does，其中does是“做的意思，是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，所以要填what或who。根据语境，能被做的，应该是物，所以最终填what。另外，“主谓构造并缺少宾语有两种情况。第一种是及物动词后缺少宾语，刚刚的例句就是这种情况。第二种是介词后缺少宾语，例如：I dont like _ he sticks to. “空的后面是he sticks (他坚持)这样的主谓构造，并且介词to后面缺

12、少宾语，所以也要填what. 我举的例子都是what，因为考试中what的几率大于who。【小结】：如果“空的前面不是名词，而且“空的后面是动词或主谓构造并缺少宾语(及物动词或介词后面缺少宾语)，那么就要填what或who，不会区分就选what。无提示考点七：(状语从句连词和and, but)I met him in a shop which sells fruit _ I was seeing what I like.“空在开头，后面紧挨着由逗号隔开的两句话，或者“空在中间，前后各有一句话，那么填连词状语从句连词。例如：_ you work hard, you may still lose

13、the job. 此句属于“空在开头，后面紧挨着由逗号隔开的两句话，根据这两句话的逻辑关系应该填Although或Though. 再例如：I drove very fast _ I dont want to be late. 此句属于“空在中间，前后各有一句话的情况，也是填连词，根据两句话的逻辑关系应该填because。【小结】：如果“空后面有两句由逗号隔开的两句话，或者“空前后各有一句话，那么要填状语从句的连词(表达两句话的逻辑关系)。热点考词：when (当时候), because (因为), although (尽管), so (所以), so that (目的是或结果是), that

14、(句子中有so, 和要填的“that构成sothat的构造，翻译成：如此以致于), but (前后是转折关系), and (前后是顺承或递进关系)。第二局部：有提示词无提示词局部讲完了，接下来讲有提示词，相对简单一些。有提示考点一：(时态)如果提示词是个动词，而“空所在的句子又没有其它谓语动词，那么就要填提示词的正确时态了。如果“空所在句子表达的是一般现在时的概念，那么就是要填提示词的单数第三人称形式，一般就是结尾加s。例如：He often _ (play) football. 这里就填plays。还有一种比拟常考的就是一般过去时，因为正常情况下文章肯定是讲过去发生的事情，所以如果童鞋们区分

15、不出别的时态的话，那就赌一把啦，填提示词的过去式，普通的是结尾加ed，但很有可能会考特殊的动词过去式，所以抓紧背下你们教材后面的不规那么动词表吧。【小结】：提示词是句子的谓语动词，那么考察的是时态，首选过去时，如果主语是单数第三人称，并能明显看出提示词所在的句子表达的是一般现在时，那么填提示词结尾加s的形式。有提示考点二：(非谓语)非谓语在单项选择里考会很难，但在语法填空里考，却成了比拟简单的考点。如果“空所在的句子已经有了谓语动词，而且提示词是动词，那么这时候考察的是非谓语动词形式。如果你实在不会非谓语，教你一个很无赖的方法(正确率很高)：“空后面紧跟名词，填ing形式，反之填ed形式。例如

16、：He sits in the classroom, _ (read) a book. 此题中的“空所在句子有谓语sit，并且“空后面紧跟名词a book，所以直接填reading。再例如：He stands in the classroom, _ (punish) for his mistakes. 此题中的“空所在句子有谓语stand，并且“空后面不紧跟名词，所以直接填punished。【小结】：如果“空所在句子已经有谓语动词，而且“空的提示词是动词，那么就看“空后面紧跟的是否是名词(从句也可)，如果紧跟名词，那么就填动词的ing形式，如果不紧跟名词，那么就填动词的ed形式。有提示考点三：

17、(词性转换)如果提示词是名词、形容词、动词(不考察时态或非谓语的时候)，那么考察的是词性转换：名词转换成形容词、形容词转换成副词、动词转换成名词。这个变化比拟复杂，在根底篇里不讲，如果只想看个根底篇就杀向高考的学沫们，这个考点就看你们的造化了。不过还是先给你们举几个典型例子。例1：I want a _ (reason) explanation. 此题填reasonable, 考察名词转换成形容词(形容词修饰名词explanation)。例2：He lives _ (comfortable) in the big house. 此题填comfortably, 考察形容词转换成副词(副词修饰动词l

18、ive)。例3：I understand your _ (choose). 此题填choice, 考察动词转换成名词(名词在句子中做主语或宾语)。【小结】：词性转换常考三大类：名词转换成形容词、形容词转换成副词、动词转换成名词。其中最容易得分的是形容词转换成副词，也就是说如果看到形容词的提示词，可以直接填入该提示词结尾加ly的形式(如果是辅音字母 + y结尾的，要把y改成i再加ly，比方steady要变成steadily)。以上就是根底篇涉及的考点，虽然不是全部考点，但却是热门考点。根底不好的同学，你把根底篇掌握好了，完全有可能在语法填空上得到一半的分数。以前的单项选择题你能得到一半的分数吗？

19、所以，哥之前说语法填空从某种角度看是变简单了，并不是在忽悠你们。试题检测：注：本篇语法填空文章只保存了利用刚刚所学能填出的五个空，缩短了篇幅来以此改善童鞋们的阅读体验。(语法填空主要考察语法，所以就算看不懂整篇文章也不影响大局部题目的填写。)A doctor entered the hospital in a hurry after being called in for urgent surgery. He answered the call, _1_ (change) his clothes and went directly to the surgery blockOnce seeing

20、 him, the dad said _3_ (angry), “Why did you take your time to come? Dont you have _4_ sense of responsibility?waiting for the fathers reply, he carried on with his way runningLater the nurse told _8_ that the doctor.Never judge anyone because you never know how their life is or _10_ theyre going th

21、rough.【试题详解】：第一题，“空考察的是时态。这个“空容易让人误解为是考察非谓语。其实“空所在的句子是三个谓语动词并列：called, changed, went。所以填“changed。第三题，“空考察的是词性转换，看到形容词angry，直接转化成副词“angrily。第四题，“空考察的是冠词。后面一看是裸奔的名词sense (就算不认识sense，根据语境你应该能猜出它是名词), sense之前还没出现过，一定填“a。第八题，“空考察代词的宾格。此“空作told的宾语，所以要填代词宾格，根据上句，应该是单数的男性，所以填“him。第十题，“空考察的是名词性从句连词。“空的前面不是名词

22、，并且“空的后面有主谓构造theyre going，还有缺少宾语的介词through，所以要填what或who，根据语境，“他们正在经受的指的是物，最终填what。高考英语科启用语篇型语法填空题一、语篇型语法填空的形式在一篇200词左右的语篇短文或对话中留出10处空白，局部空白的后面给出单词的根本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容，所填写词语不得超过三个。二、语篇型语法填空的测试点主要包括动词时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、冠词、代词、介词、复合句、强调句、感慨句、倒装句、反意疑问句、省略句、定于从句的连接词和it的用法等。三、语篇型语法填空的解题思路考生

23、在对题目进展作答之前，要先对题干进展详细阅读，检查题目中是否有提示词语存在；而后判断出所填词语在句子中所充当的句子成分，例如，主语、谓语等；最后根据其所充当的句子成分，加之其所处句子的语态等，选择词语的正确形式，例如，动词的现在分词或者过去分词，或者形容词的比拟或者最高级的使用等。在句子中没有提示词或者标志词存在时，考生要根据句子中所填词语的位置，判断所填词语的词性，例如，连接词、定冠词或者不定冠词、代词或者介词等。定冠词以及不定冠词的位置通常在名词之前，起到对名词进展限制的作用。而代词那么分为形容词性物主代词、名词性代词、指示代词和不定代词等。在运用介词的时候，往往考察介词的固定搭配，其中包

24、括动词、形容词等与介词的搭配。语法填空的题目虽然难度相对较大，考察范围相对较广，考生失分现象较为严重，但是只要考生能够清楚地了解这类题目的命题特点和命题规律，掌握答题的技巧，在备考的过程中有针对性地多加练习，熟练语法的运用，及时对经历进展总结，加强在语篇情境下的语法应用能力，在考试中就能提高语法填空题的准确率，取得较为理想的成绩。2017年高考复习精华资料高考新课标II卷英语学科语法填空语言知识运用第二节题型解析与解题指导I. 语法填空题命题形式:1. 2016年高考新课标II卷全国甲卷原题呈现:第三局部:英语知识运用共两节，总分值45分第2节 共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分阅读下面材

25、料，在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow

26、 63 (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Re

27、cent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely 69 (bring) your

28、 work home. It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is, 70 (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.Keys:61. greater 62. achievement 63. is 64. on 65. as66. studies 67. regularly 68. a 69. to bring 70. make2. 2015年高考新课标II卷原题呈现:第

29、三局部:英语知识运用共两节，总分值45分第二节共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The adobe dwellings (土坯房_61_ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _62_ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admi

30、rable is their _63_ (able) to “air conditiona house without _64_ (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _65_ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are no

31、w cold enough _66 _ (cool) the house during the hot day; _67_ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle _68 _ (go) day after day. The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset抵消for the outside temperatures. As _69_ (nature) archi

32、tects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _70_ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.Keys: 61. built 62. the 63. ability 64. using 65. slowly 66. to cool 67. at 68. goes 69. natural 70. how3. 2014年高考新课标II卷原题呈现:第三局部:英语知识运用共两节，总分值45分第3节 共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分阅读下面材料，在空

33、白处填入适当的内容不多于三个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _61_ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _62_ some of them looked very anxious and _63_ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next _64_ t

34、he window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _65_ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _66_ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept _67_ (ride). He was carry

35、ing something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “_68_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop? A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! Its _69_ (I). She pushe

36、d her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers _70_ (sudden) became friendly to one another.Keys:61. being 62. and 63. disappointed 64. to 65. caught 66. to stop 67. riding 68. Did 69. me/ mine 70.

37、 suddenlyIV新课标全国卷语法填空题型真题集训：12016年高考英语新课标I卷乙卷语法填空真题Chengduhas dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_61_ (attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money hel

38、ps pay for research, I_62_arrowto get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be theirUKambassador. The title will be _63_(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back _64_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _65_ I wa

39、s the first Western TV reporter_66_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include _67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent

40、 visit, I helped a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few _69_( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _70_ other is with mumshe never suspects.【答案】61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65. w

41、hen66. permitted 67. introducing 68. their 69. days 70. the22016年普通高等学校全国统一考试新课标全国卷III/ 丙卷In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl cultures ofChina,Japan,Korea, 61Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also

42、be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousan

43、d years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some

44、 people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 68 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69(be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. InIndia, for exa

45、mple, most people traditionally eat 70 their hands.【答案】61. and 62. be made 63. to create 64. using 65. as 66. gradually 67. who 68. development 69. were 70. with32015高考英语试卷全国1卷真题Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly when I _61_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours _6

46、2_, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _63_ (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _64_ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_ (paintin

47、g). Instead, Id head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away _66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo _67_ (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers _68_ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destin

48、ations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _69_ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people _70_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【答案】61. arrived 62. before/ earlier 63. its

49、 64. that/ which 65. paintings 66. by 67. is 68. conducted 69. regularly 70. living 42014高考英语试卷全国1卷真题 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It _61_beunimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The riv

50、er was so polluted that it _62_ (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63_ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days _64_ even a few months. It took years of work _65_ (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean th

51、e water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _66_ (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit _67_ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, dont you want a quick fix and something to change imme