商务英语联想性词汇

1、Aabsenteeism 旷工，缺勤例：Improvements in working conditions helped to reduce levels of absenteeism.工作条件的改善使旷工率降低。accident frequency rate 意外伤亡事故频率（按每百万工作小时记）例：Steps are being taken to cut down the accident frequency rate.有关方面正在采取措施降低意外伤亡事故频率。accommodation （应急的）短期贷款例：Were going to request a shortterm accom

2、modation from the bank to cover these payments until we can find other funds.我们准备向银行请求短期贷款以支付这些款项，直到找到其他资金。accommodation address 临时通信地址例：Please write to my accommodation address.请把信寄到我的临时通信地址account 客户，生意往来关系The firm is one of our major accounts.那家公司是我们的主要客户之一。acid test 决定性的考验例：The acid test is whet

3、her or not somebody will actually buy the product.决定性的考验在于是否确实有人会买这种产品。acquire 购入，取得所有权例：This is ABC co.s newly acquired factory in Poland.这是ABC公司在破烂就、新收购的工厂。acquisition 收购例：The accelerated rate of globalization has left companies desperately seeking overseas acquisitions in order to remain competit

4、ive.不断加速的全球化迫使各公司千方百计收购海外公司，以保持竞争力。acrosstheboard 全面，全体例：They have decided to increase prices by 4% acrosstheboard.他们决定全面提高价格4%。例：To save money, identify current problems, and make the old company more efficient, the new president ordered an acrosstheboard examination of expenditures and operational

5、 procedures in every department.为节省开支，发现问题，提高公司效率，新总裁要求对每个部门的开支和运营程序进行全面审查。activity 经营项目，经营业务 / 58例：The main activities of the company are manufacturing computer components and direct retailing to consumers.该公司的主要经营项目为生产电脑部件并直接销售给顾客。actuals 实际数字（相对于估计的数目）例：These are the actuals for last years turnov

6、er.这些是去年的实际营业额。addition （某一产品系列中的）新增产品例：The KR 700 is the latest addition to our range of fax machines.KR700是我公司传真机系列中的最新产品。address 处理，解决例：In an attempt to address this problems, major banks are about to offer start-up packages to assist new business.为了解决这个问题，几家大银行计划提供全套支持新兴公司的信息包，以协助新开办的企业。address

7、book 通讯簿例：Make sure you have everybodys name in your address book.切记在通讯簿里记下所有人的名字。advanced orders 预定货量例：The development of the game has taken two years but advanced orders are impressive.开发制作该游戏软件长达两年，但预订量十分喜人。advance publicity 前期宣传例：The product has sold well considering it was not given much advanc

8、e publicity.鉴于前期宣传不够，该产品的销路已算不错。advertising business 广告业例：Dentsu is in the advertising business.日本电通公司经营广告业务。advice note 通知单（供货商给收货人，列明货物性质、数量、运输日期及方式等）例：We have received an advice note for the goods we ordered.我们已接到所定货物的通知单。advisory board 咨询委员会例：You will benefit from establishing an advisory board

9、of experienced business people who can guide you through the growth process.在企业成长过程中，成立一个由经验丰富的企业家组成的咨询委员会对其进行指导，将使公司受益无穷。advisory service 咨询服务例：The bank provides a financial advisory service for all its clients.这家银行为所有客户提供金融咨询服务。aero （车辆等）流线型的例：We lowered the front end for more visibility, and soft

10、ened the lines for a more aero look.我们降低车头是视野更清晰，将轮廓变柔和以强化其流线型外观。affiliation 附属机构例：Please put your name, address and affiliation.请在表格上写明姓名、地址及所属单位。aftersaleswarranty 售后保单agent 作用力例：We believe that business can be a powerful agent for social change.我们认为商业可以使社会变革的一个强大作用力。air freight operator 空运公司例：Thi

11、s air freight operator has no travel service.这家空运公司没有客运业务。air miles 里程奖，亦作air-miles awards例：The attraction of air miles is easy to understand.体会里程奖的吸引力是很容易的。allotment 配股例：Allotment has been made by random draw because of over subscription.由于超额认购，公司通过抽签进行配股。allrisk policy 全险，综合险，全险保单例：We have taken o

12、ut an allrisks policy on the electronic equipment.我们已为电子设备办理了全险。amalgamate 合并例：The two firms are amalgamating in increase productivity and save running costs.两家公司正进行合并，以提高生产率和节省营运成本。amenity 设施齐全的现代化福利生活区例：This area has been developed into an amenity.这一地区开发成为了生活设施配套齐全的现代住宅小区。amortization 摊销例：Amortiza

13、tion is the depreciation of intangible assets such as Patents and Goodwill.推销意味着专利和商誉等无形资产的贬值。annual report 年报例：An annual report is a document which tells you about the companys performance over the year.年报时公司年度业绩的文字报告。annual return 年度报表例：We are in the middle of making our annual return.我们正在编制年度报表。a

14、pple polishing 逢迎，拍马（只为了自我利益吹捧上司的行为）例：Other employees didnt like him and believed that his recent promotion was more the result of his apple polishing than his actual achievements.员工们不喜欢他，认为他进来的提升更多是因为他会溜须拍马，而不是工作业绩。appraisal 评价，评估例：annual appraisal interviews年度能力评估面试arrival notice 到货通知（由承运人发给收货人）例：

15、We have not yet received the carriers arrival notice.我们尚未接到运输公司的到货通知。asleep at the switch 玩忽职守，坐失良机例：Interest rates dropped significantly for a month before climbing back to higher levels, but our finance manager was asleep at the switch and failed to renegotiate our loans.利率在重新升至较高水平之前曾在一个月内大幅下降，但是

16、财务经理玩忽职守，没能抓住机会重新协商贷款条件。assembly line 装配线例：He first worked on the shop floor on the assembly line.他先是在工厂的装配线上工作。例：I hope that all the training programs they run for the staff on the assembly line might have begun to have an effect.希望那些为工作在装配线上的员工提供的专业培训，如今已经开始发挥作用。assignment （财产，权益的）转让例：increase or

17、assignment of registered capital注册资本的增加或转让asset 资产例：The cost of establishing a patent, copyright, or trademark is treated as an asset on the balance sheet.专利、版权或商标的设立成本在资产负载表上属于资产一类。associate 同事，伙伴例：If necessary, we would like to invite one of your associates to join us.必要时我们将邀请你的一名同事一起参加我们的这项研究。at

18、short notice 提前很短时间通知例：I was asked to come at very short notice.他们让我接到通知立刻就去。attendance 出勤率例：The employees attendance was so poor that he was fired after six months.那个雇员的出勤率极差，6个月之后就被解雇了。audio conference 电话会议autobiography 个性化定制例：Autobiography has a standard range of 10 woods, 26 leathers and 22 pain

19、t colors, but will also match anything you like.个性化定制的范围包括10种木材、26种皮革和22种油漆，不过同时也可匹配顾客想要的其他任何材料。axe (haircut) 大幅削减例：In an effort to save money our company president axed the promotions budget.为节省开支，我们公司的总裁大幅削减了推广活动的预算。axe 裁员例：Three people in the marketing department were axed last week and are now l

20、ooking for new positions.市场营销部的三名员工上周被解雇了，他们目前正在寻找新的工作。Bbaby break 产假例：Helping their female employees to have a short baby break and smooth reentry to the workforce would minimize the problems.帮助女性雇员度过短暂产假后再顺利回到工作岗位，这样可以使问题减少到最低限度。backer 资助人例：For thirty years this wealthy American businessman was th

21、e backer of this enormously expensive project of photographing.30年来这位美国富商一直是这项耗资巨大的摄影计划的资助人back pay 补发工资（常为追补的加薪金额）例：She received 6 months back pay in her July pay packet.她领到7月份工资时还同时收到6个月的补发工资。backup 备份，备用件（文件、程序等的拷贝）例：Did you make a backup copy?你做了备份吗？bank charges 银行手续费例：One significant expense is

22、 bank charges, which all businesses are forced to pay.费用中最大的一笔是银行手续费，所有企业都必须支付。billboard 露天大广告牌例：Saturn has chosen to price their car rather inexpensively, has promoted the car mainly through television advertisements and billboards and distributes the car exclusively through Saturn dealerships.“土星”

23、汽车选择了低价位政策，主要利用电视广告和露天大广告牌促销并通过独家经销商销售。bill of entry 报关单（进出口货物清单，报海关查验）例：They are preparing a bill of entry for customs.他们正在为海关准备报关单。board of directors 董事会例：The Board of Directors is responsible for deciding on and controlling the strategy of a corporation or company.董事会决定公司的策略并对其加以实施管理。bonus point

24、消费（奖励）积分例：These bonus points add up to free air miles or cash discounts.这些消费奖励积分可以加起来换取免费空中飞行里程或现金折扣。brainstorming session 献计献策会，思维碰撞会，集体讨论会例：We are holding a brainstorming session on our new product next Thursday.下周二召开集体献计献策会，研究我们的新产品。例：A brainstorming session between the managing director, the mar

25、keting director and their accountant produced a new name for the company.在一次由总经理、营销主管及公司会计师参加的三人集体讨论会上，公司有了新名称。branch office 分公司例：A decision must be made about whether the branch office is to hold stock or not.必须作出决策是否让分公司持有股份。branch out拓展业务例：They are rapidly branching out to locations around the wo

26、rld.他们正在世界各地迅速拓展业务。brand image 品牌形象例：Mercedes cars have a quality brand image.德国梅赛德斯（奔驰）汽车享有高质量的品牌形象。brand leader 品牌中最受消费者欢迎的佼佼者，领导品牌，畅销品牌例：We are doing a survey to find out which is the brand leader in the coffee market.我们正在进行调查，找出咖啡市场中哪个品牌最受欢迎。brand loyalty 品牌忠诚例：The objective of advertising is to

27、 build up brand loyalty.广告的目的在于增强人们对品牌的忠诚度。例：Customers with a strong sense of brand loyalty are rarely prepared to switch to a new competitor.有强烈品牌信赖感的顾客很少会移情新出现的同类产品。breach 破坏，违反，侵害例：Photocopying is a breach of copyright or patent protection.复印行为违反了版权法和专利保护法。breakdown （机器等的）故障，停止运转例：Since the begin

28、ning of January we have experienced a number of serious breakdowns of the computer equipment in this area.从1月起，该工作区的电脑设备多次出现严重故障。break even 收支平衡例：The company just manages to break even.这个公司勉强做到收支平衡briefcase 公文包，公事包briefing 情况通报会例：We usually hold our weekly sales briefings in Friday morning.我们通常每周五上午

29、召开销售情况通报会。broken lot （100股以下的）零星散股bubble economy 泡沫经济例：During the “bubble economy” years of rapid growth in the late1980s, some bureaucrats became outrageously greedy.在80年代后期，泡沫经济迅猛发展，一些官僚贪欲无限膨胀。buffet reception 冷餐会（一种自助式餐会）例：Buffer reception offer good chances for doing useful networking.冷餐会为建立有用的人

30、际关系提供了良好机会。bulk 散装，大批，大量例：These grains were shipped in bulk.这些是散装载运的谷物。例：They were able to buy in bulk and to sell at low margins.他们有本法批量买进，再以微利出售。bulletin 公告，简报例：The Internet is very flexible and allows companies to update their new bulletins very quickly.因特网的灵活性使公司得以快速更新其新闻公告。bulletin board 公告板例：A

31、merica Online is home to hundreds of electronic bulletin boards.在美国在线上有数以百计的电子公告板。bull market 牛市（通常指股市、汇市等金融市场价格持续上升或坚挺）例：If the market is thought to be good and prices on the Stock Exchange are thought to be likely rise, the market is called a bull market.市场看好，股票价格有望上涨，这种股市被称为牛市。business class （飞机、

32、车、船等的）公务舱，头等舱，亦作first class，与条件稍次、票价较低的economy class（经济舱）相对例：The small airline has beaten the huge Royal Dutch KLM airline, and other national state air companies, to win the title of Europes best business class service.那家小型航空公司击败强手英国皇家荷兰航空公司及其他国家级豪华航空公司，荣获欧洲最佳商务舱服务称号。business concept 经营理念例：This bus

33、iness concept has proved over the years to be extremely popular with British and international tourists alike.多年来实践证明，这种经营理念得到英国及外国游客的普遍欢迎。Buyers market （供过于求的）买方市场例：An unusually good summer created a buyers market in tomatoes.夏季气候特别好，形成了番茄的买方市场例：When there is a buyers market, the provision of a bon

34、d can be made an essential condition for the granting of the contract.如果是买方市场，则提供保函可作为同意签订合同的必要条件。byproduct 副产品例：Skimmed milk powder is a byproduct of butter production.脱脂奶粉是生产黄油的副产品。Ccaller ID 来电显示（服务）例：Caller ID is a service that tells people who is calling before they answer the phone.来电显示这项服务能使受

35、话人在应话前知道来电者的身份。canteen 职工食堂例：Subsidized canteen is one of staff benefits.由公司补贴的职工食堂是员工福利之一。caretaker 大楼管理员，亦作Janitor（美）例：The caretaker locks the building at 8 p.m. every evening.大楼管理员每晚8点钟锁上大门。car hire （英）汽车出租，等于car rental例：This is a car hire company.这是一家汽车出租公司。car pool 合伙用车（一群各有自备汽车的人安排好在上下班时每次合乘其中

36、一人之车，并由其开车）亦作car sharing例：If they had to pay fees, many drivers would avoid busy roads during rush hours, transportation official say. Because some drivers would switch to car pools and mass transit, change their routes or avoid some trips altogether.交通官员们说，假如他们必须付费，许多驾车人会在交通高峰期间避开繁忙路段。因为一些人会选择合伙用车或

37、公交系统，改变线路或干脆取消一些行程。case study 案例分析，个案研究例：They are conducting a case study of the real work situation.他们正在对实际工作环境进行个案研究。例：More than 100 case studies are analyzed, showing how the Internets strengths have been successful exploited.书中分析了100多个案例，说明网络优势如何被人们成功利用。cash flow 现金流量，现金流动，现金收益例：Many business fa

38、il because they fall into the trap of ignoring their cash flow.由于忽视现金流量问题，导致许多企业失败。例：Every company must watch its cash flow carefully if it is to avoid bankruptcy.为避免破产，每个企业都必须密切注视自己的现金流量。cash machine 自动提款机、自动柜员机，亦作cash dispenser，cashpoint，automated teller machine(ATM)例：The industrial action had put

39、 as many as half its 2,000 cash machines out of service.劳工行动使银行2000台自动柜员机有一半停止使用。cash settlement 现金结算例：We offer a discount for cash settlement.以现金结算者可获折扣优惠。catering business 饮食业例：McDonalds is in the catering business.麦当劳经营饮食业。Chamber of Commerce 商会例：The Chamber of Commerce is an organization for bus

40、iness people.商会是商界业内人士的组织。checking procedure 检验程序例：If were going to compete with wellknow companies, we have to improve our checking procedure.要想与著名公司竞争，必须加强检验程序。chemistry 人际关系（人与人之间的感情关系）例：The personal chemistry between the two bosses is good.两位老板在私人关系方面很合得来。chief executive 总裁，总经理例：He is the Chief

41、Executive of the Enterprise Development Forum, an organization based in London.他是伦敦一家名为“企业发展论坛”机构的总裁。circular 通告例：The circular was sent to everyone in the company.该通告已发给公司里的每个员工。civil servant 公务员例：He is a highgrade civil servant.他是一名高级公务员。claim索赔（要求）例：Before introducing a total or partial smoking ba

42、n, employees are recommended to protect themselves from potential claims by smokers.在全面或部分实行禁烟令之前，建议雇主保护自己，避免可能来自吸烟者的索赔要求。clean bill of health （港务局签发的）无疫证明书例：Owning to an epidemic in the port locality, the ship left without a clean bill of health.由于港口地区闹流行病，船舶离港没有取得无疫证明书。clean bill of lading 清洁提单（有航

43、运代理出具，说明托运货物完整无损）例：When there is no indication of damage to the goods, a bill of lading is said to be clean.如果提单没有标明货物由任何损坏，那么提单就是清洁提单。clearance sale 清仓甩卖例：The department store is holding its endofseason clearance sale.该百货商店正进行季末清仓甩卖。closing down sale 停业清仓甩卖例：People crowded into the closing down sal

44、e looking for bargains.人们蜂拥进那家因为停业清仓甩卖的商店找寻便宜货。code of conduct 行为规范例：The major obstacle which companies face, having established a code of conduct, is that of ensuring that each individual member of staff follows it.行为规范建立之后，公司面临的最大障碍在于保证每位员工都能遵守它。collateral 抵押品例：The bank is holding the deeds of our

45、 house as collateral for the loan.银行保留我们房子的契据作为贷款抵押品。commercial awareness 商业意识例：Strong commercial awareness and communication skills are essential characteristics of his approach.浓厚的商业意识和娴熟的沟通技巧是他处理问题的基本特征。commercial break 插播广告的时间commercial invoice 商业发票例：Documentation for export shipment includes Co

46、mmercial Invoice.出口运输货物所需单据包括商业发票。commission 佣金例：Salespeople are often paid a percentage of what they sell. This is known as commission.销售人员常常按所售上铺2的销售额提取一定的百分比。这笔收入被称为佣金。例：Doortodoor selling is normally paid on the basis of commission.上门销售通常以佣金方式付酬。commitment 敬业精神例：This is a company culture of comm

47、itment.这是一种崇尚敬业精神的企业文化。commuter 乘车上下班者例：The coaches and buses are primarily used for urban mass transportation or by institutions and companies as shuttles for commuters.这些大客车主要用于城市公交交通或作为公共机构和企业接送员工上下班的专线车。company profile 公司概况例：Contents of this business magazine include job vacancies, company profi

48、les and export news.该商务杂志内容包括招聘广告、公司概况和出口动向。competitive edge 竞争优势例：Those organizations which succeed in the 21st century will probably do so by achieving a competitive edge over their rivals.企业想要在21世纪获得成功，或许只有靠比对手更具有竞争力。competitor 竞争对手例：They expect to overtake all their main competitors, in terms of

49、 sales, within a year of the launch of their new product.他们预期在新产品投放市场一年内，有望在销售量上超过所有主要竞争对手。complaint 投诉例：The number of customers complaints has increased by 300% over the last six months.过去六个月中，顾客投诉的数量增加了300%。complex 楼群，综合大楼例：In large building complexes, fresh air will be supplies to rooms through a

50、n airconditioning system.在大型建筑群里，新鲜空气通过空调系统提供给各个房间。complimentary 赠送的例：We got some complimentary tickets for the big golf tournament through their corporate hospitality program.通过他们公司举办的交际联谊活动，我们拿到了几张观看那场大型高尔夫球赛的赠券。conference facility 会议设备，会议场所例：The whole of the fourth floor is dedicated to conferenc

51、e facilities: there are two large conference rooms and four smaller seminar rooms, a business center, a rest area and a small restaurant.整个四楼全部为会议场所，包括两个大会议室，四间小会议室，一个商务中心，一篇休息区和一个小餐馆。Consumer Council 消费者权益保护委员会，亦作Consumers Councilconsumer electronics 家用电子产品例：Matsushita and Sony manufacture consumer

52、 electronics.日本的松下和索尼公司生产家用电子产品。container 集装箱，货柜例：A variety of goods may be packed into the container before it is ready for shipment.各种货物都可以先装进集装箱再付运。contract period 合同期限例：The contract period is two years.该合同期限为两年。contribution 捐款，捐物例：All contributions received by the center have to be entered on ou

53、r computer system.中心收到的所有捐款、捐物都要输入电脑系统存档。conveyor belt 传送带core product 核心产品例：Our core product is personal computers.我们的核心产品是个人电脑。corporate culture 公司文化，企业文化（繁殖企业内集体员工所形成和共享的价值观、理念、传统等），亦作organizational culture，company culture例：Our corporate culture help us to retain the spirit and vitality of the ea

54、rly years, and to create a feeling of belonging in a large international organization.公司文化不仅有助于我们保持公司组建初期的传统精神与活力，同时还在发展到今天这样的一个大型跨国企业中为员工营造一种归属感。corporate image 企业形象，简称CI例：They all believe that the introduction of the new uniform has led to a modern, more professional corporate image and greater co

55、nfidence among them.大家都认为，新制服更体现了更具有行业特点的现在企业形象，大大增长了员工们的自信。cosmopolis 国际化大都市 (cosmos)例：New York is a cosmopolis.纽约市一个国际化大都市。cost and fright 成本加运费，货价加运费例：The buyer ordered the goods on a cost and fright basis, preferring to make insurance arrangement personally.买方按货价加运费条件订货，选择自行办理保险。cost-effective 成

56、本效益例：Producing goods in such small quantities would not be costeffective.这样小批量的生产无法获得成本效益。counterfeit 伪造品，伪造的例：There are counterfeit banknotes in circulation.最近有假钞流通courseware 课件，教学软件例：Technology is evolving so rapidly that any TESOL courseware on the Web must be considered work in progress.技术发展日新月异

57、，以至于TESOL在万维网上的课件只好被认为是正在进行中的工作。courtesy 礼仪，礼貌的举止言辞例：We have noticed that old courtesies have tended to disappear since weve been using e-mail.我们注意到，自从使用电子邮件以来，古老传统的礼貌举止和言辞便趋向消亡了。craftsmanship 手工例：Hermes impresses customers as done with incomparable material and craftsmanship, the promise of the brand