人教版八年级下学期英语复习资料(共20页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上新目标八年级下册 Unit 1-10重点词组、短语及句型Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. fewer people 更少的人（fewer 修饰名词复数，表示否定） be free免费的2. less free time 更少的空闲时间（less 修饰不可数名词，表示否定） use the subway less更少使用地铁 use sth a lot多使用. use sth to do sth使用某物做某事3. in ten years 10年后（in+时间段 短语用于将来时，提问用 How soon多久之后）4. fall in l

2、ove with=be in love with 爱上 由fall构成的词组：fall behind落在后面 fall down倒下，掉下 fall into落入中 fall off从上掉下来5. live alone 单独居住 feel lonely 感到孤独eg：The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn't feel lonely. 那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独。6. keep/ feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪 in peoples home在人们家中7. fly to the moon 飞向月球

3、 fly rockets to the moon 乘坐火箭到月球 8. hundreds of + 名词复数 数百/好几百的（概数，类似还有 thousands of成千上万的; millions of好几百万的）9. the same as 和相同 do the same things as sb与做同样的事 live to be 200 years old活到200 岁 看起来更像look more like10. A be different from B A与B不同 (eg： There is a difference/ There are differences between A

4、and B)11. wake up 醒来 (wake sb. up 表示“叫醒某人”)12. get bored 变得厌倦（get/ become 是连系动词，后跟形容词如 tired/ angry/ excited 等）13. lots of/ a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）14. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习15. I don't agree. = I disagree. 我不同意。 science fiction 科幻小说16. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上 （注意 paper/ infor

5、mation/ news/ work/ homework/ housework 等常考到的不可数名词）17. many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种类的金鱼18. live in an apartment 住在公寓里；live on the twelfth floor 住在12楼19. look smart 显得精神/看起来聪明 twenty years from now 今后20年20. Are you kidding? 你在骗我吗？ come true 变成现实21. in the future 在将来/在未来 in future=from now o

6、n今后 22. no more = not anymore 不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）23. no longer = not any longer 不再（强调状态不再发生）24. besides（除之外还包括）与except = but（除之外，不包括）25. be able to 与 can 能；会 have to与must 必须，不得不 （be able to 用于各种时态，而 can 只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中； have to 可用于各种时态，而 must 只能用于一般现在时态）例如： I have been able to/ will be able to spea

7、k two languages. （不可以用 can） I had to stay at home./ I will have to stay at home.（不可以用 must）26. live on a space station 住在空间站 in space在太空27. dress casually 穿得很随意；casual clothing 休闲服饰28. win the World Cup 赢得世界杯；win awards 获奖29. take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间30. over and over again 一次又一次地31. be in diff

8、erent shapes 形状不同 be big and crowded 大而且拥挤32. be in elementary/primary school在上小学 be in middle/high school在上中学 be in college在上大学33. There be sb/sth doing sth某地有某人正在做某事（主语是动作的发出者）.eg：There is a bird singing in the tree. There be sth to do.有某事要做.（主语是动作的承受者）eg：There is a letter to write.34.such与so的区别：均

9、有“如此，这样”之意。such为形容词，修饰名词。用法为：such a/an + 形容词+可数名词单数形式 & such + 形容词+可数名词复数形式 &such + 形容词+不可数名词。so为副词，修饰形容词及副词。其用法为：so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式（不能跟复数名词）。如果名词前有little，表示“小”时，用such；表示“少”时，用so。如果名词前有many/much/few等修饰时，一般要用so， 而不用such，即so+many/much/few+名词。such+a/an+adj.+n.(单)=so+adj.+a/an+n.(单)35.seem的用法：

10、、seem作系动词，意为“好像，似乎，看来”。 后接形容词或名词。eg1：He seems very angry. eg2：He seems a nice man.(他看起来是个好人。) 、作行为动词，“似乎，好像，看起来像”。 seem like“似乎，好像”seem to do sth.“似乎、看来、好像做某事”。It seems/seemed that看起来好像；似乎 eg：It seemed that he was very happy.(他看上去好像很高兴。)There seems to be“某地似乎有”。eg：There seems to be nothing left.(好像没

11、留下什么。)36.dress的用法：作名词，指女装。作及物动词，“使穿着；穿衣；给穿衣”，其宾语常是人，而不是物。如：dress sb/oneself. “给某人/自己穿衣服”eg：The boy is too young to dress himself. dress sb in+衣服或颜色，表示“给穿衣服”。作不及物动词，常见搭配为：be/get dressed in+衣服或颜色，表示“穿着衣服”。well dressed穿着讲究的 dress up盛装打扮37.suit的用法：作名词，为可数名词。“一套衣服”作动词，“合身；适合”。短语suit sb“适合某人”。eg：This swea

12、ter suits me very bably/perhaps/maybe/possibly/likely的区别： probably(adv.)或许；大概。位于句首，实义动词前，助动词、情态动词、系动词后。(=most likely.) perhaps也许。（=possibly）maybe或许，也许。（不够庄重。）possibly可能，也许。常与can/may/must等情态动词连用，比probably语气弱。likely或许，常与most/very连用。39.区别Its+adj.+for sb. to do sth. 与Its+adj.+of sb. to do sth

13、.两种句型： 句型中的形容词是用来修饰物的性质，特征的词。如：easy/difficult/important/hard.等。eg：Its dangerous for children to swim in the river.句型中的形容词是描述sb的性格，品质特征的词。如：kind/rude/clever/foolish/polite.等.eg：Its kind of you to say so.(你这么说太好了。)40.agree with与agree to的区别： agree with后接指人或表示意见看法的词；agree to后接表示建议、计划、安排的词。 eg1：Do you ag

14、ree with what I have said?(你赞同我所说的话吗？) eg2：He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday.(他已经同意我们度假的建议了。)本单元目标句型1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.3. Will kids go to school? No, they won't/ Yes, th

15、ey will.4. Predicting the future can be difficult.5. I need to look smart for my job interview.6. I will be able to dress more casually.7. I think I'll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?9. That may not se

16、em possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.本单元语法讲解：一般将来时1. 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词： 含 tomorrow; next 短语； in + 段时间 ； how soon； by + 将来时间； by the time sb. do ； 祈使句句型中：or/ and sb. will do； 在时间/条件状语从句中，如果从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时； another day比

17、较 be going to 与 will:be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。例：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。如：He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个

18、意思，如：She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.4. 在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用 will。如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分 be going to 与 will 了。5. 祈使句句型中：or/ and sb. will do例：Be quick, or you will be late = If you don't b

19、e quick, you will be late.6.表示位置转移的动词go,come,leave,start,arrive等常用现在进行时表示将来。eg:Were leaving at 6:00 tomorrow morning.Unit 2 What should I do?1.playtoo loud把声音放得太大 keep out阻止进入；禁止入内 keep off避开，不接近 I have no idea=I dont know我不知道2.out of style=out of date=out of fashion 过时的 in style=in fashion 流行的3.cal

20、l sb. up = ring sb. up = call/ ring/ phone sb.=give sb. a ring/call/phone.=make a phone call to sb. 给打电话4.enough money 足够的钱(enough 修饰名词时不必后置) busy enough 够忙 (enough 修饰形容词或副词时必须后置)5.a ticket to/ for a ball game 一张球赛的门票 注意：the key to the lock；the key /answer to the question；the solution to the problem

21、；the entrance/exit to the theater；the way to the school.(此处几个短语不能用 of 表示所有格.)6.borrow from 从借( 借进来) lend to 把借给(借出去) 注意：borrow和lend均不能与一段时间连用，而要用keep.eg: You can keep the book for a week.( 你可以借这本书一周。) 7. find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白 have the same haircut有同样的发型8. fail the test =fail in the test= not pass the

22、test 考试不及格 9. succeed in (doing) sth. 在方面成功 fail in (doing) sth. 在上失败,变弱10. write sb a letter/write to sb. 给某人写信11. surprise sb.使某人吃惊（类似有：surprise/ interest/ please/ amaze +某人） to one's surprise 使某人吃惊的是 to one's joy 使某人高兴的是 be surprised at对感到吃惊 be surprised to do sth.干某事感到吃惊 in surprise吃惊地12

23、. look for a part-time job 找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果） get/ find a part-time job 找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）13. ask sb. for 向某人要某物 ask sb. for help/advice向求助/征求建议ask for leave请假 14. have a bake sale 卖烧烤 plan to do sth=make a plan to do sth 计划做某事15. argue with sb = have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵 argue about sth. 因 某事争吵 arg

24、ue with sb. about sth.因某事与某人争吵 （argument为名词形式）16. have a fight with sb. = fight with sb.=fight against sb. 与某人打架17. drop off 离去；散去；逐渐减少;死去 look upin a dictionary在字典中查找18. prepare for = get ready for 为做准备19. after-school clubs (activities) 课外俱乐部（活动）20. be/ get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 used to do 过去经常做

25、某事 be used for doing = be used to do sth. 被用于做某事21. fill up 填补；装满；be full of 装满22. return sth. to sb. = give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人23. get on/ along well with sb.与相处很好 get on/along with sth.在某方面的进展情况24. asas possible = asas sb.can/could.某人尽可能地as much as possible = as much as you can/could 尽可能多地 a

26、s fast as possible尽可能快地（指速度） as soon as possible尽可能快地（指时间）as quickly as possible尽可能快地（指动作） as early as possible尽可能早地（指时间）25. take part in = join in 参加（某种活动/集会） take an active part in 积极参加 join sb. in doing sth.加入到与某人一起做某事的行列中来。26. a bit = a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时） a bit of = a little 一点儿/一些（当修饰不可数名词

27、时）27. be/get angry with sb.=be mad at/with sb. 生的气28. by oneself = on one's own 某人自己/独自地 think for oneself独立思考 29. on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面30. I find/ feel/ think it difficult to do 我发现/感到/认为做某事很难。31. not until 直到才（谓语动词一般是非延续性动词）32. 表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:be/ become + upset/ tired/ exc

28、ited/ interested/ worried/ surprised/ amazed/ annoyed. (be upset at/about对感到心烦)说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是 -ed 结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是 -ing 结尾单词.）例如: I was surprised/ interested/ amazed when I heard the surprising/ interesting/ amazing news.33. radio advice program 广播指导节目 get a tutor请家教34. leave

29、sth. sw. 把某物遗忘在某处 leave for前往某地 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 push sb hard 厉害地强迫某人35. sports clothes 运动服 get different clothes穿不同款式的衣服36. the same age as = as old as 和年龄一样37. complain about/of sth.抱怨某事 complain about/of sb.doing sth.抱怨某人做 complain to sb. about/of sth.向某人抱怨某事38.take their children from

30、 activity to activity带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动 fit as much as possible into their kids lives尽可能多地充实到孩子们的生活中来fitinto找到时间做某事39. be under too much pressure 压力太大 nothing new屡见不鲜40. a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈 be always doing sth总是在做某事41. competition starts from a very young age 竞争从很小的年纪就开始了42. compare A with B 将A和B作

31、比较 compare A to B 把A比作B43. organized activities 有组织的活动 know about知道的情况；了解44. find it+adj.+(for sb.)+ to do sth.发现做某事（对某人来说）45. send sb. sth=send sth. to sb.给某人寄某物 send sb. to sw.送/派某人去某地46.either的用法：作adv.意为“也（不）”用于否定句，常置于句末。作adj.两者中任何一方的(后接名词单数).eg:There are many trees on either side of the road.(在公

32、路两旁有许多树。)作pron.两者中任何一方.eg:I dont agree with either of you on these issues.(在这些问题上，你们两个我都不同意。) 作conj.(连词)，与or一起连接两个并列成分，构成either A or B（要么是A，要么是B；不是A就是B）eg：She is coming either today or tomorrow.（她不是今天来就是明天来。）如果either A or B作主语，谓语动词的形式要与B保持一致，即就近原则。eg：Either my mother or my sister cooks dinner on Sun

33、day.47.except,besides与but的区别：except表示“除之外（不包含）”besides意为“除之外，还有（包含）”but大多数情况下可与except通用，但在everybody,nothing等词后多用but. 本单元目标句型：1. What's wrong (with you)?/ What's the matter?2. What should I do? 我该怎么办？3. You could write him a letter. 你可以给他写封信。 You should say sorry to him. 你应该给他道歉。4. They shoul

34、dn't argue. 他们不应该争吵。5. Why don't you talk to him about it? = Why not talk to him about it? = You should/ could talk to him about it. = What/ How about talking to him about it. = You'd better talk to him about it.6. The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.7. Activ

35、ities include sports, language learning, music and math classes. Thirty people, including six children (six children included), went to visit the factory.8. People shouldn't push their children so hard. 9. Parents are trying to plan their kids' lives for them. When these kids are adults,they

36、 might find it difficult to plan things for themselves.Unit3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?1. barber shop理发店 get out of/ get into 从出来/进入.walk down/ along 沿走2. sleep late 睡懒觉；sleep well 睡得好；get to sleep = fall asleep 睡着3. take off (飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽） train station 火车站 hear of /hear about听说 run a

37、way 跑开，逃跑 in history 在历史上 in the city of 在市4.Beijing International Airport北京国际机场 World Trade Center 世界贸易中心5.take place 发生（强调必然性） happen to sth./ sb. 发生（强调偶然性）6. stand in front of the library 站在图书馆前 outside/ inside the station 在车站外/内 坐在公共汽车的前面 sit in the front of the bus 7.next to 相邻，紧贴 close to 接近于；

38、在附近 a national hero 一个民族英雄8.in silence 沉默不语；keep silent 保持沉默 talk on the phone在电话中交谈9.an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历 for the first time 第一次10.have difficult time doing sth. 干某事有困难 have meaning to 对有意义11. the Museum of Flight航天博物馆 call the police报警12. follow sb. to do / sw跟着某人做某事/去某地 at the doctor

39、9;s在医生的诊所13. shout to sb. 对大声喊叫 shout at sb.冲大声吼叫14. New York City / the city of the New York纽约市15. the flight to New York飞往纽约的航班 do sth. in silence沉默地做某事16. in modern American history在现代美国历史上 everyday activities日常活动17. one of the most important events最重要的事件之一18. in recent times在当今时代 be destroyed by

40、被毁坏19. have meaning to对有意义(meaning不可数) a national hero一个民族英雄20. jump down from the tree 从树上跳下来21.at last =in the end =finally 最后22. ten minutes ago 10分钟以前 ten minutes later10分钟之后before 9 oclock9点以前 after 9 oclock9点之后23.not all意为“并不都”，表示部分否定。在英语中，not 与all,every,everyone,both,everything等词连用时均表示部分否定。eg

41、1:Not all the boys like football.(并不是所有的男生都喜欢足球。) eg2:Every man can not be a poet.(并非人人都可以成为诗人。) 若表示全部否定，则用none, neither, no one, nothing等来表示。eg3:None of us are teachers.(我们当中没有一个人是老师。)24.experience. 作名词。“经历”，可数名词。“经验；体验”，不可数名词。后可接in或of短语，表示在某方面的经验。eg:She has rich experience of teaching.(她有着丰富的教学经验。

42、)作及物动词。“经历；感受”，后直接跟宾语。25.be scared of sth.害怕be scared to do sth.害怕做be scared+that从句26.sth. happens/happened to sb.某人发生 sb happens/happened to do sth.某人碰巧做 get out of bed=get up下床；起床27.when和while的区别：when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间；while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以

43、是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。 when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。 由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如： eg1：When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为： While we were talking, the teacher came in. eg2：T

44、hey were singing while we were dancing. when和while 还可作并列连词。when表示“在那时”；while表示“而，却”，表对照关系。如： eg3：The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike. (孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米，这时他们听到了摩托车的声音。) eg4：He is strong while his brother is weak. (他长得很结实，而他弟弟却很瘦弱。)when; while表示“ 当时

45、候”时：while能用when代替; 但是when却不一定能用while代替.另外，when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。 例如：1、While they were talking , the bell rang. （正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。） 2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.（昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候，我正在做家庭作业。）本单元目标句型1. I was doing sth. when + 一般

46、过去时的时间状语从句2. While sth./ sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth. . 3.What were you doing when I arrived/ at that time/ at 8:00 last night/ from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday?4. What were you doing when the UFO landed? 当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？5. While my mother was cooking, I was watching TV. 当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。6. You ca

47、n image how strange it was. 7. I followed to see where it was going.8. She didn't thinking about looking outside the station. 9. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours.10. Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course.11. Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympic

48、s.12. Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics.13. This was one of the most important events in modern American history.Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.1. watch soap operas看肥皂剧 first of all首先 have / catch a cold感冒2. have a surprise party举行一次惊喜晚会 report card成绩单3. be/get mad at sb. 生某人的气 be/get mad

49、 about sth.对某事生气 be mad about/on sb./sth.对某人/物着迷4. pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.= pass on sth. to sb. = pass sth. on to sb. 递给某人某物 end-of-year exams = final exams期末考试5. be supposed to do sth=should do sth 理应做某事；被期望或要求做某事。6. be good at +n/v-ing= do well in+n/v-ing擅长(做) 7. be sorry to do sth. 很抱歉做某

50、事 send one's love to sb. 捎去某人的问候8.have a hard time with sth在某事方面感到费劲have a hard time doing sth费劲的干某事9. be surprised to do sth. 做某事很吃惊 get over克服；恢复；原谅10. copy others' homework抄袭别人的家庭作业11. pass on some messages传些口信 start a bad habit养成一个坏习惯12. have a big fight大打一架 send sb. to do sth.派人去做某事13.

51、be in good health=be healthy身体健康be in bad/poor health=be unhealthy身体不健康14. change one's life = change the life of sb. 改变某人的生活15. in a poor mountain village在一个贫困的山村16. a Peking University graduate一个北京大学的毕业生17. a one-year program一个为期一年的计划 be/feel nervous about担心18. be started by由发起 the Ministry of

52、 Education教育部19. be a new experience for sb. 对某人来说是一个新的经历20. 2000 meters above sea level海拔2000米 sea level海平面21. make sb. feel sick使某人觉得恶心 under the influence醉酒22. experience different things经历不同的事23. open up one's eyes to the outside world打开某人对外面世界的视野24. give sb. a good start in life给某人生活一个好的开始2

53、5. be a good influence in one's life在某人的生活中有一个好的影响26. care for“Mother Earth” 关爱地球母亲 Greenpeace绿色和平组织27. care for=look after=take care of关心；照顾；关爱28. Doctors Without Borders无国界医生 wild animals in danger濒危野生动物29. be in danger处于危险之中 be out of danger脱离危险30decide to do sth=make a decision to do sth决定做d

54、ecide not to do sth=make a decision not to do sth决定不做31. volunteer名词，“志愿者”。动词，“自愿去做；主动请求去做”。常与to连用，即volunteer to do sth（自愿做）。32.return sth. to sb.=give back sth to sb.把某物还给某人 return to sw.=go/come back to sw.返回到某地 33.influence的用法：作名词，可数或不可数。have a strong influence on/upon sb./sth.(对产生强大的影响)做不可数名词。ha

55、ve influence over sb./sth.对有支配力/控制力/影响力。作动词，“影响；对起作用”。形容词为influential/¸influenl/，“有影响力的”。34.有关message的搭配：take a message to sb.给某人捎个信 leave a message for sb.给某人留个信 receive a message from sb.收到某人的信息 send a message to sb.给某人发个信息 a written message书面通知35.work on=be busy with做工作；致力于；从事于36.hard work(名词词组) 艰苦的工作 work hard(动词词组)努力工作/学习 hard-working(adj.)“勤勉的；努力工作的”37.junior high school