英美文化小常识

1、1 What are the two major parties in Britain?They are the Conservative Party and the Labour Party 2、What is the official full name of Britain?It is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland、3 Who is the head of government in Ireland?-It is the Prime Minister、4 Who is James Joyce?He is

2、the most well-know Irish writer of the modern period 5 Who were the first America ns?They were the India ns、6 What kind of economic system does the United States have?-It has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector 7、What is bilingualism?The phenomenon that English and French are the tw

3、o official languages in Canada is called bilingualism 8 What are the geographical feature of Australia as a continent?Australia is the flatest and lowest of the continents 9 What are the powers the constitution confers on the House of Representatives? The House of Representatives has powers to make

4、and change laws 10 What animal is a national symbol of New Zealand? The kiwi is a national symbol of the country 11、What is the Renaissance?Renaissanee was the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history 12、What are the most important journals in the U - K、？ They are the

5、Econo mist,New Statesma n and Society,a nd Spectator 13、Why is the Shannon River important to Ireland?Because it provides electricity for much of the Republic 14、How many states are there in the United States?There are 50 states in the United States 15、What is Hispanic?A Hispanic is a Spanish-speaki

6、ng person of the United States 、16、What is the Bill of Rights?It is the term used for the first ten amendments to the Constitution 、17、What is the Canada Council?It is the Canadian Government f s funding agency 18、What is Aborigines?It is the term used to describe the original people of Australia 19

7、 What was the nature of the White Australia Policy?It was a discriminatory immigration policy,which restricted the non whites to enter Australia、20 What are New Zealand ' s main exports?Meat,wool and dairy products are main exports 、21 What was Queen Mary known as?She was known as the "Bloo

8、dy Mary" and also remembered as the mon arch who lost the lastBritish possession on the continentFrench port of Calais 、22、What did Britain become after the Industrial Revolution?Britain became the "workshop of the world "、23、What is the House of Lords made up of?It is made up of the

9、Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal 、24、What are the two major parties in Ireland?They are Fianna Fail and Fine Gael 25、What is meant by u Vietnamization " of the war?It meant that South Vietnamese troops would be war-built up to replace Americal fighting force 、26 Which country is the world

10、 rs biggest producer and user of tobacco?It is the U 、 S、 A、27 Who was the only writer in colonial period still read today?He was Benjamin Franklin、28、Who was the first prime minister in Canada?He was Sir John Macdonald、29、What was the convict system? In the convict system, the convicts were punishe

11、d by being transported to remote places 30 How is New Zealand electricity produced?It is produced by: firstly,hydropower;secondly,gas;thirdly,coal 、31 What is the most important established Church in Britain?It is the Church of England 、32、What is the jury ' s job in Britain?In criminal cases,it

12、 is to decide the issue of guilt or innocence 、33、Where were oil and natural gas found in Britain?Oil and natural gas are found under the North Sea 34、What are the characteristics of Ireland 1 s climate?It can be described as " mild,moist and changeable " 、35、What did the real Americal Lit

13、erature begin?It began after the America War of Independence 、36、Where is the preside nt of the Un ited States ' offcial reside nee?The White House is his official reside nee 、37 What kind of history do people often say that the history of Canada?People often say that the history of Canada is a

14、history of immigration 38、What is "urban sprawl * * ? It refers to a city that has grown over a large area of land 、39、What is the way of changing the constitution in Australia?The Constitution can be changed only by referendum 、40、Where is the volcanic activity in New Zealand?The volcanic acti

15、vity can be found on the central plateau in North Island 41 What are the three n atural zones in Scotia nd?They are the Highlands in the north,the central Lowlands and the southern Uplands 42、What was the Gunpowder plot of 1605?It was the most famous of the Catholic conspiracies 43、What did the Engl

16、ish Industrial Revolution begin with? It began with the textile industry 、44、What is the capital of Ireland?It is Dublin 、45、Which state is the largest in the United States?Alaska is the largest one 、46、What is the American foreign policy in the early 1930s?In the early 1930s,the American foreign po

17、licy was isolationist 、47、What is affirmative action?It is the preferential treatment for minorities and women in education and employment48、What was established in 1670 in Canada?The English Hudson Bay Company was established in 1670 49 Which hemisphere is Australia in?It is in the Southern hemisph

18、ere 50 Where is the capital of New Zealand?It is Wellington 、51、Who were the Vikings?The Vikings were the Norwegians and the Danes from Denmark 52 Which system was completely established under William in English?The feudal system was completely established under William in English 53、What are the ma

19、in courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales?They are the Country Courts 54、When did Ireland declare itself a republic?Ireland declared itself a republic on April 18,1949 55、Where is known as the agricultural capital of the U、s ？Omaha is known as the argricultural capital of the U、S A、56 Wha

20、t is the most central functions of the Congress in America?It is the passage of laws 、57、What is Mark Twain ' s master work?It is the Adventure of Huckleberry Firm 58、Which city is Canada' s largest city?It is Toronto 59、What was Australia called in the 1950s?Australia was called “the lucky

21、country M in the 1950s 60、What do you think is the most noticeable feature of New Zealand geography?It is mountains widely spread all over the country where active volcanoes scatter 、61 、 Which war was relatively smooth,with no bloodshed,nor any execution of the king in Britain?It is the Glorious Re

22、volution 62、 What are the three periods as far as the evolution of the British economy is concerned?There are steady development in the 50s and 60s,economic recession in the 70s and economic recovery in the 80s 63 What is a constitutional monarchy?It is a governmental system in which the head of Sta

23、te is a king or a queen who reigns but does not rule、64、What is the chief Ianguage of instruction in Ireland?It is English 、65 Which are some of the biggest cities in the U - S - ?They are New York,Los An geles,Chicago,San Fran cisco and Philadelphia 66 Who drafted The Declaration of Independence in

24、 the U S ？He was Thomas Jeffers on 67 Which country is the world 1 s leading exporter of agricultural products?It is the United States 、68 In what way does Quebec differ from the other provinces of Canada?It differs from the other provinces because it has strong French culture 、69、What is nations la

25、rgest and most diverse industry today in Australia?It is agriculture 、70、What percentage are Maori to the population of New Zealand?About 10% are Maori or part Maori、71、Where are mostly highland and lowland in Great Britian?The north and west of Britian are mainly highlands,while the east and south-

26、east are mostly lowlands 72、What is Heptarchy?By the end of the 7th century, England was divided into seven kingdoms which was,called Heptarchy 73、What did England appear in the 18th century,which owed a great deal to the invention ofmachi nes?-The In dustrial Revoluti on appeared in En gland in the

27、 18th century 、74 What is the basic ethnic stock in Ireland?It is Celtic 、75、What does tariff protection mean?一 It means to get higher import taxes to protect domestic production 76、What is the full name of the U、S、?一 It is the United States of America 77 What is the general view of Americans on edu

28、cation?一 It is that every America n has the right and obligati on to become educated 、78、What does Governor-General represent? It represents the Queen 79 Which three periods are the history of Australia divided into? They ae the arrival of Aborigines,the colonization of Australia by the British,and

29、theCommon wealth of Australia、80 Who was the first European come to New Zealand and What was his nationality?-He was Abel Tasman and was a Dutchman 81 What were the forerunners of the Liberal Party in Britain?They are Whigs 82 How many members are there in the House of Commons?There are 651 members

30、in the House of Commo ns 83、 What is the differenee between the ancestors of the English and Scots,Welsh and Irish?The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons,while those the Scots,Welsh and Irish areCelts、84 What is the Republican Army?It is a terrorist or organization dedicated to the union of a

31、ll Ireland as one country under one government 85、Which three countries have the largest populations in the world?China,India and the United States have the largest population in the world 86、Who led the boycott of the bus company in Montgomery,Alabama?-He is Martin Luther King,Jr、87、What is the “ L

32、ost Generation ”?It refers 60s young intellectuals who became disappointed and bitter after World War II 、88、What are most industries in Canada?It is manufacturing 、89、Who was the first Prime Minister in Australia?-He was Edmund Bart on 、 90 What are two main isla nds in New Zeala nd?They are North Island and South Island 91、Who were the Lollards?-They were poor priests and travelling preachers who were John Wyclif ' s followers in the 14thcentury 92 What has the new farming been called in Britain?-It has been called agribusiness 、93、What does the NHS provide in Britain?