高中英语语法之讲义

1、高中英语语法之讲义结构：with +名词./代词.+形容词/形容词短语/副词/介词短语/不定式/现在分词/过去分词.(1).with +名词./代词.+形容词/形容词短语 With her father asleep , the daughter walked quietly out of the bedroom . 父亲睡着了,女儿悄悄地走出了卧室.It is considered to be bad manners to speak to others with your mouth full of food .满嘴食物和别人说话被认为是不礼貌的.(2).with +名词/代词+副词 Im

2、 used to working with the radio on .我习惯开着收音机工作. I stood there with my dog behind . 我站在那儿,我的狗在我后面.(3).with +名词/代词+介词短语With some beautiful flowersin her hands , she ran to thehero .她手捧鲜花向英跑去. They sat under the tree with their back to the wall .他们背对着墙坐在树下 (4). with +名词/代词+不定式 With the computer to do a

3、ll the work , he had more free time .有计算机做所有的工作,他的空闲时间更多了. He was left alone , with no one to look after him .他被单独留下,无人照顾.(5). with +名词/代词+现在分词The teacher came in with some of his students following him . 老师走了近来,后面跟着几个他的学生.With the boy leading him the way , the old man had no trouble finding his old

4、 friends house .由于有小男孩给他引路,这位老人毫不费力地找到了他老朋友的家.(6). with +名词/代词+过去分词He had to walk to the school with his bike broken . 自行车坏了,他不得不步行上学.With her taken care of , we could go on with our work . 有人照顾她,我们可以继续工作了.2.句法功能:常在句中作状语(表伴随,原因,时间等)和后置定语.(1).在句中作状语 The streets are more beautiful with all the lights

5、on . 华灯齐放,大街更漂亮了. With time going on , Einsteins theory proved to be correct . 随着岁月的流逝, 爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的.(2).在句中作后置定语 Any man with eyes in his head can see that hes exactly like a rope .任何一个长眼睛的人都看到他正像一根绳子. The girl reached a river bank with so many flowers on both banks .小女孩来到一条两岸开满鲜花的河边.3.宾语补足语形式的选择:

6、依据它和宾语之间的逻辑关系选择宾语补足语的形式.若为主表关系,选择形容词,副词和介词短语;若为主谓关系,选择现在分词(表示正在进行的动作);若为动宾关系,选择过去分词;选择不定式则表示将来的动作.(1).主表关系I once lived in a house with many trees and flowers around it .我曾住在一间鲜花和绿树环绕的房子里.The boy pulled on his shirt , with the wrong side out . 小男孩反穿着衬衫.He likes to sleep with the window open . 他喜欢开着窗户

7、睡觉.(2).主谓关系The boy lay on the grass , with his eyes looking at the sky . 小男孩躺在草地上,两眼望着天空.With night coming on , we started for home . 夜幕来临,我们动身回家了.4.作状语时,with 的复合结构可以和独立主格互换The maths teacher walked into the classroom with a book in his hand .= The maths teacher walked into the classroom , book in hand . 数学老师手里拿着一本书走进教室.With the meeting over , they all left the hall in