美国护士资格认证-19

1、美国护士资格认证 (CGFNS)-19（ 总分： 29.00 ，做题时间： 90 分钟 ）一、 Part One （ 总题数： 29，分数： 29.00）1.John often finds herself daydreaming aboutboy's and wondering what her life willbe like whenshe gets married. According to Piaget, John is likely in which stage?A Sensorimotor stage B Preoperational stageC Concrete op

2、erational stage D Formal operational stageA.B.C.D. 解析：2.Susan changed her major three times in college, and now that she has graduated, she still cannot decide what type of job she wants. Erik Eriekson would describe Susan as going through a period ofA Shame and doubt B Identity confusionC Despair D

3、 Generativity and stagnationA.B. C.D.解析：3. An infant left to cry in her crib for long periods of time might, according to Erickson, develops A Autonomy B Guilt C Trust D MistrustA.B.C.D. 解析：4. The decision to get married might indicate that Johnny is in which of Freud's psychosexual stages?A Lat

4、ency B Oral C Genital D PhallicA.B.C. D.解析：5. Fred, an elderly man who now lives in a nursing home, was just treated to a visit with his newborn great-granddaughter. After the family leaves, having encountered this generation of his offspring gets Fred pondering whether or not he has led a productiv

5、e life. He wonders if his work and presence in the world before retirement have left it a better place, especially for his own family, or if he has merely been wasting time in his life, filling it up. At this point, which stage of Erickson's Psychosocial Stages of Development best describes Fred

6、's situation?A Industry vs inferiority BIntimacy vs isolationC Integrity vs despair DAutonomy vs shame and doubtA.B.C. D.解析：6.If a developmental psychologist believes that 6-year-olds solve logical problems moreefficiently and accurately than 3-year-olds because their memory holds more informati

7、on and works more rapidly, this belief is consist with which of the following theories?A Information processing BEricksonC Kohlberg D PiagetA.B.C.D. 解析：7. According to Kohlberg, postconventional morality involvesA Unquestioning obedience to authority figures BAffirmation of self-defined ethical prin

8、ciples C Strong concern for social approval D Behavior based on self-interestA.B. C.D.解析：8. Mr. Lambers refuses to pay income taxes because his conscience will not allow him to support a government that spends billions of dollars on military weapons. Mr. Lambers's reasoning best illustrates Kohl

9、berg's stage.A Egocentric B Preconventional C Postconventional D ConventionalA.B.C. D.解析：9. A person who does not cheat on her income tax because she might get caught and sent to jail is demonstrating Kohlberg's stage of morality.A Postconventional B Preconventional C Formal operational D Co

10、nventionalA.B.C.D. 解析：10. Mrs. Pearson cut judy's hot dog into eight pieces and Sylvia's into six pieces. Sylvia criedbecause she felt she wasn't getting as much hot dog as Judy. Piaget would say that Sylvia doesn't understand the principle ofA Conservation B Accommodation C Egocentr

11、ism D Object permanenceA. B.C.D.解析：11. When Tommy's mother hides his favorite toy under a blanket, he acts as though it no longer exists and makes no attempt to retrieve it. Tommy is clearly in Piaget's stage:A Sensorimotor B Preoperational C Formal operational D Concrete operationalA. B.C.D

12、.解析：12. Cindy obeys her father because she knows that she will be punished for disobeying. Kohlberg would describe Cindy's moral behavior asA Immoral B Conventional C Preconventional D PostconventionalA.B.C. D.解析：13. When the nurse is communicating with a client with substance-induced persisting

13、 dementia, the client cannot remember facts and fills in the facts with imaginary information. The nurse is aware that this is typical ofA Concretism B Confabulation C Flight of ideas D Associative loosenessA.B. C.D.解析：14. When taking a health history from a client with moderate dementia, the nurse

14、would expect to note the presence ofA Hypervigilance B Increased inhibitionC Enhanced intelligence D Accentuated premorbid traitsA.B.C.D. 解析：15. An elderly client is admitted to the hospital with the diagnoses of dementia of the Alzheimer's type and depression. The client has all of the followin

15、g symptoms. The symptom that is unrelated to the depression would beA Shallow or labile affect BNeglect of personal hygieneC"I don't know" answers to questions DApathetic response to the environmentA. B.C.D.解析：16. When planning activities for an elderly nursing home resident with a dia

16、gnosis of vascular dementia, the nurse shouldA Plan varied activities that will keep the resident occupiedB Provide familiar activities that the resident can successfully completeC Offer challenging activities to maintain the resident's contact wit realityD Make sure that the resident actively p

17、articipates in the unit's daily activitiesA.B. C.C. 解析：17. An elderly client's family tells the nurse that the client has suffered some memory loss in the last few years. They say that the client is sensitive about not being able to remember and tries to cover up this loss to avoid embarrass

18、ment. When attempting to increase the client's self-esteem, the nurse should try to avoid discussing events that require memory of the client's A Married B Work years C Recent days D Young adulthoodA.B.C. D. 解析：18. During the first month in a nursing home, an elderly client demonstrates nume

19、rous behaviors related to disorientation and cognitive impairment. The nurse's plan for care should continue to take into consideration theA Assessment of the client's orientation to time, place, and personB Realistic ability of the client to perform without becoming frustratedC Identificati

20、on of stressors that appear to precipitate the client's disruptive behaviorD Fact that the client's cognitive impairment will increase until adjustment to the home is accomplishedA.B. C.C. 解析：19. An elderly female client, who is quite confused and often does not recognize her children, is ad

21、mitted to a nursing home. The client appearsslovenly in attire, oftensoiling her clothingwith feces and urine. The nurse can best manage this problem byA Putting the client into orientation therapyB Toileting the client at least once every 2 hoursC Supervising the client's bathroom activities cl

22、oselyD Explaining to the client how offensive her behavior is to othersA.B.C. D.解析：20. The defense mechanism commonly used by clients who are drug addiction isA Denial B Projection C Displacement D CompensationA. B.C.B. 解析：21. Within a few hours of alcohol withdrawal，the nurse should assess a client

23、 for the presenceofA Yawning, anxiety, convulsionsB Tremors, fever, profuse diaphoresisC Disorientation, paranoia, tachycardiaD Anxiety, nervousness, irritability, GI upsetA.B.C.D. 解析：22. With a tentative diagnosis of heroin addiction, the nurse should assess this recently hospitalized client for si

24、gns of opiate withdrawal. These signs would include A Lacrimation, vomiting, drowsinessB Nausea, dilated pupils, constipationC Rhinorrhea, convulsions, subnormal temperatureD Muscle aches, diarrhoea, yawningA.B.C.D. 解析：23. After a binge with cocaine,a young male is found unconsciousand is admitted t

25、o the hospitalwith acute cocaine toxicity. Initial nursing action should be directed towardA Setting limit for the patientB Giving support and understanding for the patientC Establishing a therapeutic relationshipD Providing the necessary physical careA.B.C.D. 解析：24. After a visit from several frien

26、ds the nurse finds a client with a known history of opiateaddiction in a deep sleep and unresponsive to attempts at arousal. The nurse assesses the client's vital signs and would evaluate that an overdose of opiates had occurred if the findings showed aA Blood pressure of 125/80mmHg, a pulse of

27、80, and respirations of 22B Blood pressure of 140/90mmHg, a pulse of 76, and respirations of 28C Blood pressure of 180/100mmHg, a pulse of 72, and respirations of 18D Blood pressure of 70/40mmHg, a pulse of 120, and respirations of 10A.B.C.D. 解析：25. The nurse, when planning care or a client recoveri

28、ng from an opiate overdose, should take into consideration that the client's underlying problem is probably a feeling ofA Guilt with a rejection of realityB Hostility with a need for acceptanceC Inferiority with strong dependency needsD Anger caused by an overwhelming need for independenceA.B.C.

29、 D.解析：26. Addict drug are most commonly abused because the individualA Desires to become independentB Wants to fit in with the peer groupC Attempts to blur reality and reduce stressD Enjoys the social interrelationships that occurA.B.C. D.解析：27. The most common side effects of regular Methadone use includeA