从释义学的角度论翻译中母语前结构的负影响

1、从释义学的角度论翻译中母语前结构的负影响从释义学的角度论翻译中母语前结构的从释义学的角度论翻译中母语前结构的负影响负影响TheThe NegativeNegative EffectEffect ofof thetheInterpreterInterpreters s Fore-structureFore-structure ononTranslation:Translation: a a HermeneuticalHermeneutical StudyStudy【作者】 刘艳宾；【导师】 李亚丹；【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学， 英语语言文学， 2002， 硕士【摘要】 本文旨在从译者的角度，

2、并以语言哲学释义学为指导，系统分析前结构“先行具有”、“先行看见”、“先行设定”三因素分别体现在翻译语言单位中四层次词语、句子、语段、语篇的负影响，在双语转换中，以正确方式进入阐释的释义学循环，以达等效。 目前对于译者研究的问题主要是围绕译者的社会因素，很少涉及来自译者本身的影响，尤其是来自译者前结构的负影响。此外，以前的翻译研究分别从语言学、结构语言学、符号学、文学以及艺术理论着手，注重双语转换中的客观因素，如文本本身，而对译者这一主观因素，尤其是来自译者母语前结构的影响则研究不够。这种局限妨碍了对于译者这一主观因素的进一步研究，也阻碍了翻译整体性发展。 根据海德格尔本体释义学，解释从来不是

3、对先行给定的东西所作的无前提的把握。把某某东西作为某某东西加以解释，这在本质上是通过先行具有、先行看见、先行设定来起作用的。这三个因素构成了人们理解的前结构。先行具有是指先行具有的文化习惯，先行看见是指先行拥有的概念系统，先行设定是先行具有的假设。一切的阐释都以一种在先的理解为前提，而这种在先的理解有时住住牵制甚至规定阐释，因而阐释会陷入释义学循环，所谓最终的阐释也就成为一种空想。没有在先的理解，不可能有阐释。以正确的方式进入循环是正确理解与阐释的条件。就翻译中译者因素而言，如果我们要以正确的方式进入循环，我们必须克服译者前结构的负影响。 从语言的角度，翻译是不同语言的转换，或者是原语和译入语

4、中不同语言单位的转换。两种不同语言的语言单位通常是不等同的，所以转换是在语言对比中进行的。在翻译过程中，译者前结构的负影响须通过克服原语和译入语之间结构上的差异，熟悉两种语言不同的表现形式和它们的转换规则来避免。这个结构形式以及使用层次涉及四个方面字词，句子，语段以及篇章。 在字词方面，本文根据利奇六类词义的划分，系统分析前结沟对字词层面的负影响（概念意义，内含意义，风格意义，感情意义，反映意义，联想意义），主题意义除外，它将在旬子部分加以分析。在句子层面，本文从三个方面（句于连接，词序安排，语态）分析前结构的负影响；在语段方面，研究前结构对两个方面（语段间的逻辑关联以及语段内的句子结构调整）

5、的负影响。在语篇方面，研究前结构对两个主要方面（语篇的衔接与连贯，谋篇布局）的负影响。本文作者希望，通过研究译者母语前结构体现在译入语语言单位四个方面的负影响，能有助于调整和修改语言现存的认知概念，避免原文理解的偏见，以达翻译等效。 更多还原【Abstract】 Guided by Hermeneutics, one branch of philosophy oflanguage, this thesis is intended to systematically analyze at theangle of the interpreter the three factors of the f

6、ore-structure -fore-having, fore-sight, fore-conception and their negativeeffects on the four levels of language - words, sentences, sentencegroups and discourses respectively in the translation process for thepurpose of getting into Hermeneutical circle properly inunderstanding and arriving at equi

7、valence between the source text andtranslated text in bilingual transference.The problem with thepresent study of the interpreter is that studies are mainly made ofthe interpreters social factor, rarely of the effect of theinterpreter himself, especially the negative effect of theinterpreters fore-s

8、tructure. The previous researchers studiedtranslation from the perspective of linguistics, structurallinguistics, semiology, literature and art theory. They mainlystudied the objective factor in language transference, e.g. the textitself. As for the subjective factor, the interpreter, not enoughstud

9、y has been made, especially that of the effect of aninterpreters mother tongue. The limitations may hinder furtherstudy of the subjective factor of the interpreter and hinder thedevelopment of translation from the angle of a whole unity.Accordingto Heideggers Onto-Hermeneutics, interpretation is nev

10、er apresuppositionless grasping of something previously given. Theinterpretation of something as something is essentially grounded infore-having, fore-sight and fore-conception. The three factorsconstitute the fore-structure of ones interpretation. Fore-havingrefers to the pre-occupied cultural habi

11、ts, fore-sight the pre-occupied conceptual system and fore-conception the pre-occupiedassumption. All interpretation must be based on a certain kind ofpre-understanding, while this kind of pre-understanding usuallycontain, or even set the interpretation. Thus interpretation may fallinto Hermeneutica

12、l circle and the so-called final interpretation maybecome a kind of fantasy. The fore-structure of understanding is thecondition of interpretation. Without it, interpretation would beimpossible. To enter the circle in a correct way is the condition ofproper understanding and interpretation. As far a

13、s the factor ofinterpreter in translation is concerned, if weare to enter thecircle in correct ways, we must get rid of the negative effect of thefore-structure of the interpreter.From the angle of language,translation is the transference between different languages, or thetransference between vario

14、us language units of the source text andthe target text. The language units in two different languages areusually not equivalent, so transference is completed through thecomparison of languages. In the process of translation, the negativeeffect of the fore-structure of the interpreter can be avoided

15、 bygetting rid of the differences in structure between source languageand target language and making familiar the different expressiveforms and the transference rules of the two languages. Theconstruction forms and usage levels concern four basic aspects -words, sentences, sentence groups and discou

16、rses.The negative effectof the fore-structure on the level of words is analyzedsystematically according to Leechs six types of word meaning(conceptual meaning, connotative meaning, stylistic meaning,affective meaning, reflected meaning and collocative meaning) exceptthematic meaning, which is analyz

17、ed in the part of sentence analysis.From the three aspects (connection within sentence, arrangement ofsentence order and sentence voices), the negative effect of the fore-structure on the level of sentences is also studied. For the negativeeffect of the fore-structure in terms of sentence groups, st

18、udies aremainly made of the two aspects (logical connection within sentencegroup and adjustment of structure within sentence group). The twomain aspects (cohesion and coherence of discourses, development andorganization of disc 更多还原【关键词】 前结构； 三因素； 负影响； 译者； 语言单位；【Key words】 fore-structure； three fact

19、ors； negative effects；interpreter； language unit；参考文献：英语翻译中母语迁移的实证研究文章通过对一定数量大学生英语翻译的作业的实证研究，结合相关参量进行调查分析，比较英汉语言的差异对大学生翻译的影响，以期找到发挥汉语正迁移作用、减少其负迁移作用的基本策略，从而帮助大学.收录数据库：中文科技期刊数据库 来源：焦作大学学报 2009 年 第 4期 作者：黄顺红 胡婷婷 机构：安徽师范大学外国语学院 安徽芜湖 241003从释义学的角度论翻译中母语前结构的从释义学的角度论翻译中母语前结构的负影响负影响TheThe NegativeNegative E

20、ffectEffect ofof thetheInterpreterInterpreters s Fore-structureFore-structure ononTranslation:Translation: a a HermeneuticalHermeneutical StudyStudy【作者】 刘艳宾；【导师】 李亚丹；【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学， 英语语言文学， 2002， 硕士【摘要】 本文旨在从译者的角度，并以语言哲学释义学为指导，系统分析前结构“先行具有”、“先行看见”、“先行设定”三因素分别体现在翻译语言单位中四层次词语、句子、语段、语篇的负影响，在双语转换中，以正确方

21、式进入阐释的释义学循环，以达等效。 目前对于译者研究的问题主要是围绕译者的社会因素，很少涉及来自译者本身的影响，尤其是来自译者前结构的负影响。此外，以前的翻译研究分别从语言学、结构语言学、符号学、文学以及艺术理论着手，注重双语转换中的客观因素，如文本本身，而对译者这一主观因素，尤其是来自译者母语前结构的影响则研究不够。这种局限妨碍了对于译者这一主观因素的进一步研究，也阻碍了翻译整体性发展。 根据海德格尔本体释义学，解释从来不是对先行给定的东西所作的无前提的把握。把某某东西作为某某东西加以解释，这在本质上是通过先行具有、先行看见、先行设定来起作用的。这三个因素构成了人们理解的前结构。先行具有是指

22、先行具有的文化习惯，先行看见是指先行拥有的概念系统，先行设定是先行具有的假设。一切的阐释都以一种在先的理解为前提，而这种在先的理解有时住住牵制甚至规定阐释，因而阐释会陷入释义学循环，所谓最终的阐释也就成为一种空想。没有在先的理解，不可能有阐释。以正确的方式进入循环是正确理解与阐释的条件。就翻译中译者因素而言，如果我们要以正确的方式进入循环，我们必须克服译者前结构的负影响。 从语言的角度，翻译是不同语言的转换，或者是原语和译入语中不同语言单位的转换。两种不同语言的语言单位通常是不等同的，所以转换是在语言对比中进行的。在翻译过程中，译者前结构的负影响须通过克服原语和译入语之间结构上的差异，熟悉两种

23、语言不同的表现形式和它们的转换规则来避免。这个结构形式以及使用层次涉及四个方面字词，句子，语段以及篇章。 在字词方面，本文根据利奇六类词义的划分，系统分析前结沟对字词层面的负影响（概念意义，内含意义，风格意义，感情意义，反映意义，联想意义），主题意义除外，它将在旬子部分加以分析。在句子层面，本文从三个方面（句于连接，词序安排，语态）分析前结构的负影响；在语段方面，研究前结构对两个方面（语段间的逻辑关联以及语段内的句子结构调整）的负影响。在语篇方面，研究前结构对两个主要方面（语篇的衔接与连贯，谋篇布局）的负影响。本文作者希望，通过研究译者母语前结构体现在译入语语言单位四个方面的负影响，能有助于调

24、整和修改语言现存的认知概念，避免原文理解的偏见，以达翻译等效。 更多还原【Abstract】 Guided by Hermeneutics, one branch of philosophy oflanguage, this thesis is intended to systematically analyze at theangle of the interpreter the three factors of the fore-structure -fore-having, fore-sight, fore-conception and their negativeeffects on

25、the four levels of language - words, sentences, sentencegroups and discourses respectively in the translation process for thepurpose of getting into Hermeneutical circle properly inunderstanding and arriving at equivalence between the source text andtranslated text in bilingual transference.The prob

26、lem with thepresent study of the interpreter is that studies are mainly made ofthe interpreters social factor, rarely of the effect of theinterpreter himself, especially the negative effect of theinterpreters fore-structure. The previous researchers studiedtranslation from the perspective of linguis

27、tics, structurallinguistics, semiology, literature and art theory. They mainlystudied the objective factor in language transference, e.g. the textitself. As for the subjective factor, the interpreter, not enoughstudy has been made, especially that of the effect of aninterpreters mother tongue. The l

28、imitations may hinder furtherstudy of the subjective factor of the interpreter and hinder thedevelopment of translation from the angle of a whole unity.Accordingto Heideggers Onto-Hermeneutics, interpretation is never apresuppositionless grasping of something previously given. Theinterpretation of s

29、omething as something is essentially grounded infore-having, fore-sight and fore-conception. The three factorsconstitute the fore-structure of ones interpretation. Fore-havingrefers to the pre-occupied cultural habits, fore-sight the pre-occupied conceptual system and fore-conception the pre-occupie

30、dassumption. All interpretation must be based on a certain kind ofpre-understanding, while this kind of pre-understanding usuallycontain, or even set the interpretation. Thus interpretation may fallinto Hermeneutical circle and the so-called final interpretation maybecome a kind of fantasy. The fore

31、-structure of understanding is thecondition of interpretation. Without it, interpretation would beimpossible. To enter the circle in a correct way is the condition ofproper understanding and interpretation. As far as the factor ofinterpreter in translation is concerned, if weare to enter thecircle i

32、n correct ways, we must get rid of the negative effect of thefore-structure of the interpreter.From the angle of language,translation is the transference between different languages, or thetransference between various language units of the source text andthe target text. The language units in two di

33、fferent languages areusually not equivalent, so transference is completed through thecomparison of languages. In the process of translation, the negativeeffect of the fore-structure of the interpreter can be avoided bygetting rid of the differences in structure between source languageand target language and making familiar the different expressiveforms and the transference rules of the two languages. Theconstruction forms and usage levels concern four basic aspects -words, sentences, sentence groups and discourses.The n