形容词的比较级和最高级详解与练习

1、形容词副词的比较级和最高级英语中大多数形容词是可以分等级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。注意：英语中有些形容词说明形状、材质等，还有形容词没有程度可分或其本身就表示某种程度，故 而没有比较级和最高级。常见的有：right正确的wrong错误的excellent最好的final最后的last最后的possible可能的 first第一的 east东方的 empty 空的wooden木制的 impossible不可能的favorite 最喜欢的round圆的golden金色的 square方的形容词副词比较等级的构成：1. 规则变化ID构成方式原级比较级最咼级1一般情况，直接加词尾-3r

2、或者-esttall youngtaller youngertallest youn gest2以e结尾的，加-或-tnice largenicerlargernicest largest3以辅音字母+y结尾的， 把 y i,再力口 -er或 -esthappy busyhappier busierhappiest busiest4以重读闭音节(辅兀辅结构)结 尾的，双写结尾的辅音字母， 再加-er或-est .big hot thinbigger hotter thi nnerbiggest hottest thi nn est5useful careful difficult expe n

3、sivemore useful more careful more difficult less expe nsivemost useful most careful most difficult least expe nsive双音节或多音节的形容词可以在形容词原级前直接力口 more / less 或 most / least 构成形容词的比较级和最高级注：(1) .以否定前缀un-构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest;untidy-untidier-untidiest.(2) .以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加more， most

4、,如：slowly, quickly, softly,angrily等。(3) .由-ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know known)只能加 more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。女口： excited, tired, boring;(4) . 以-y, -er, -ow, -le 结尾的双音节词， 末尾力口 -er, -est.女口： able, healthy, funny, busy, hungry, easy, happy, early, pretty, lazy, heavy, dirty, clever, narrow 等。(5) . new,

5、 few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。2. 不规则变化ID原级比较级最高级1good/ wellbetterbest2ill/ bad/ badlyworseworst3many/ muchmoremost4littlelessleast5farfarther/furtherfarthest/ furthest6oldolder/ elderoldest/eldest注：1、只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式：clever, old, far2、特别提醒：further不仅可以指距离更远”还可指程度更深”。记住以下三个词组: further s

6、tudy进修),further , education继续教育)further information(进一步的信息).elder表示前辈的”、年纪较长的”，仅用于同一家庭成员的比较；通常只能指人，且只作定语（即只用于 修饰名词）。女口 ： eldersister（姐姐），elder brother（哥哥），elder son长子；older则不受这些限制。 补充用于不可数名词用于可数名词表示多”much more the mostmany more the most表示少”littleless the leastFew fewer the fewest比较等级的用法：一、原级形容词的本来形式

7、就是形容词的原级。用原级进行比较时可以使用下面两种结构（同级比较）：1. 表示比较的双方相等，用” asa结构，与一样”。表示 前者像后者一样”，即A + be + as +形容词原级 + as + B. e.g.John is as tall as his brother. we II give you as much help as we can.You' re boy as good as Tom.=You ' res good a boy as Tom.你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。2. 表示比较的双方不相等（形容词原级表示比较级含义）:，用“notasas'结构，意

8、为 不如，不及”，表示 前者不如后者”，即A + be + not as +形容词原级 + as + B. 。 e.g. John is not as tall as his brother. She isn ' at（so）active in sports as before.Joh n is not so stupid as Mike. =Joh n is less stupid tha n Mike. =Joh n is cleverer tha n Mike. 约翰不象迈克那么 笨。3. 表示A是B的多少倍： A+be+倍数+as.as+B.女口： The earth is 4

9、9 times as big as the moon.My ruler is twice as long as yours.二、比较级当把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时，就需要用到形容词比较级。其结构是：A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B.e.g. Jackie is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackie.1. 比较级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比较的人或事物，但在上下文明确的情况下，形容词比较级可单独使用。例如：This ruler is very Ion g,but that o ne is Ion ger

10、.这把尺子很长，那把尺子更长。2. 在比较级中为了避免重复，than后面要用that或those来代替用来比较的名词。如：In summer, the weather in Chongqing is hotter than that in Yibin.在夏季，重庆的天气比宜宾的天气热。The flowers in my garden are much more beautiful than those in the park.我家花园里的花要比那个公园里的花 漂亮多了。比较级的几种特殊用法：1. 用比较级表示最高级A+be+比较级+tha n+a ny other+单数名词，或者， A+be+

11、比较级+tha n+the other+复数名词He is taller than any other student in the class. =He is taller than the other students in the class.他比班上其他的 同学都高。2. 两个中比较 的 A+ the+比较级 +of the two/pair/twins :He is the cleverer of the two. = Of the two boys, he is the clever.他是这两个中比较聪明的3. 越来越More and more 注：这里的 more代表比较级，而不

12、是说一定是more,如说，越来越聪明就该说：cleverer and cleverer.一般和动词 be, get, become （变得）连用。He is gett ing more and more han dsome It is beco ming cheaper and cheaper4. 越就越The morethemore注：此处的 more和上面一样，代表比较级。女口：The richer you are, the happier you will be.The harder you work, the better your grades will be.5. 表示大多少，多多

13、少，高多少等A+be+数量词+比较级+than+B.女口：She is two years older than me 她比我大两岁.6. 表示倍数，A+be+数词+times+形容词比较级+tha n+B Our room is twice larger than theirs.我们的房间是他们的两倍大。注：两倍为 twice而不是two times.7. more than 多余，超过，相当于over； less than少于，不足。如:He is more than（over） 80 years old I have less than five yuan.使用比较级时常见的错误：mor

14、e不可修饰比较级，但是much可以用来加强比较级，意为".的多”更。She looks more younger than I. （ x ）She looks much younger than I. （ V）拓展：修饰比较级的词或词组除了书上所列举的much和a little以外，还可以用 a lot, far, a bit, a little,many, still, even等，但一定不能用 very, more, quite, too, so等.如：I feel much better now.我现在感觉好多了。This box is a little heavier tha

15、n that one.这只箱子比那只箱子重一点儿。（2）比较的对象或范围出现错误。A、比较对象不对等：The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing.（ X（比较的对象应该是北京的天气，而不是北京）The weather of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing. （v上海的天气比北京的热 （that 代天气）B、逻辑错误：从比较范围上看，如果在同一范围内，形容词的比较级必须把自己排除掉，即自己不能与自己相比，而 最高级必须包含自己。例如：1.他比他班的任何一个学生都高。误： He is taller t

16、han any student in his class.（he 包括在 any student 里面）正: He is taller than any other student in his class.（any other student 里面已排除了 he）2. 这块手表是所有手表中最好的。误：This watch is the best of all the other watches.（all the other watches 不包含前面的 this watch）正: This watch is the best of all the watches.（all the watch

17、es 包含前面的 this watch）3. 中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。误：China is larger than any country in Asia.（）（出现了逻辑上的错误，中国在亚洲范围内，应当排除在外）正：China is larger than any other country in Asia.（V）中国比亚洲别的国家要大。注意：如果不在同一范围内，比较级就不必把前面的主语排除掉。例如：Shanghai is larger than any city in Australia.上海比澳大利亚任何城市都大。（上海不属于澳大利亚，所以city前不必加other）试比较：Shan

18、ghai is larger than any other city in China.上海比中国任何一座城市都大三、最高级三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较，表示其中程度最高的比较形式需要使用形容词的最高级。其结构是：A + be + the形容词最高级+ of /in +比较范围.（注：形容词最高级前面通常要加定冠词the）e.g. Jackie is the tallest in our class. or Jackie is the tallest of all the stude nts.须注意的情况：1、 最高级后面往往用 of或in介词短语来表示形容词的最高级的比较范围(of或in短

19、语可提前到句首)。of短语所指的范围通常是一群人或一些事物，而不是一个场所；如果指一个场所，则用介词in。例如：He is the stro ngest of the three.他是三个人中身体最强壮的。He is the stro ngest in our class.他是我们班里身体最强壮的。2、 形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the,而以下几种情况一般不需要加定冠词the:(1)形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修饰时，最高级前不用the。如：The Yellow River is the second Iongest river in China. 黄河是中

20、国第二长河。The Changjiang River is the Iongest river in China. 长江是中国第一大河。He is our best teacher他是我们最好的老师。(2 )形容词最高级在句中作表语而比较范围又不明确时，最高级前不用the。如：They are happiest on Saturdays他们在星期六最快乐。(3)如果两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时，第二个形容词最高级前不加the。如：He is the you ngest and tallest boy in his class.他是班上年龄最小、个子最高的男孩。3、表示"最.之

21、一”，one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数。女口： one of the largest countries最大的国家之一, one of the tallest people 最高的人之一注：副词最高级前常省略the。重点与难点：(1) toot与 so/suchthaSb.can ' 的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：The man was too angry to be able to speak. = The man was so angry that he wasn' able to speak.The milk wa

22、s too hot to drink. =The milk was so hot that we can ' drink it.The boy is too young to go to school. =The boy is so young that he can' t go to to school. = He is such athat he can ' t go to school.(2) tooto 与not enough to句型的转换：He is too young to get married.=He is n ot old eno ugh to ge

23、t married.The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is n ot easy eno ugh for me to read.附加练习：形容词比较级和最高级一、写出下列单词的反义词1. hot2.new3. clean4. high5. heavy6.cold7. bad二、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级old busy thin longwidefatheavyunhappybrightly-quicklyslowfewbadlyfarhappy- many 5. delicious三、用所给词的适当形式填空：1. Bob

24、 is( young ) tha n Fred but(tall) tha n Fred.2. Yin gtia n is not as (tall) as Yon gxia n.3. Almost all the stude nts' faces are the same but Li Deming looks(fat) tha n before .4. Which is (heavy), a hen or a chicke n?5. - How(tall) is Sally? - She' s 1.55 metres(tall). What about Xiaoli ng?

25、-She' s only 1.40 metres (tall). She is much (short) than Sally. She is also the (short)girl in the class.6. He is (bad) at learning maths. He is much (bad) at Chinese and he is the(bad) atEn glish.7. Annie says Sally is the(kind) pers on in the world.8. He is one of the(frien dly) people in the

26、 class, I think.9. A dictio nary is much(expe nsive)tha n a story-book.10. An orange ia a little(big) than an apple, but much(small) than a watermelon (西瓜).11. Miss Chen isthan Mr. Wang. (popular)12. Mr. Lin isthan Mr. Brow n. (sad)13. The basketball isthan the baseball. (big)14. Questi on A istha n

27、 Questi on B. (importa nt)15. A rose isthan a weed(野草).(beautiful)16. Toronto iscity in Can ada. (large)17. Playi ng computer games isof all the activities.( in teresti ng).18. The Nile(尼羅河)isriver in the world. (long)19. Good health isthing life. (importa nt)20. Taking a taxi isway to get to the ai

28、rport. (easy)21. Test 1 isof all the tests. (difficult )22. He isthan any other boy in the class. (clever)23. She istha n all the other stude nts. (young)24. The wi ndow isof the two. (n arrow)25. Where is thebus-stop? (n ear)26. He is one ofpoliticians( 政治家).(famous)27. Tom drives muchthan Joh n. (

29、careful)28. The white flower is(beautiful). The yellow flower is(beautiful)than the whiteflower. The red flower is theof the three.29. Your classroom is(wide)a nd(bright) tha n ours.30. Is your sister(young) tha n you? Yes,she is.31. Who is(thi n), you or Hele n? Hele n is.32. Fa ngfang is not as(ta

30、ll) as the other girls.33. My eyes are(big) tha n(she).34. Which is(heavy),the elepha nt or the pig?35. John ' s parents have four daughters, and she is the(young) child.36. This book is not as(in teresti ng) as that one.37. Saturday is my(busy) day in a week.38. Her mother is gett ing(fat) and(

31、fat).39. I think it' s too expe nsive. I' d like a(cheap) one.40. He comes to school much(early) tha n I.41. - Annie plays the pia no very(well). - Sue plays it(well) tha n Annie. And Sally plays itthe(well).42. Sue is a little(beautiful) tha n her sister.43. My room is not as(big) as my bro

32、ther' s.44. -How difficult is physics? -I' m not sure. -Is it(difficult) tha n maths? - I don' t think so.45. Most of the stude nts think a lion is much(dan gerous) tha n a bear and it is the(da ngerous)ani mal in the world.46. The apples in the other shop areand.(cheap; good)47. Many of

33、 the stars are so away that we can ' t see them. (far)48. The Yangtze River(长江)is very(long) . In fact, it _ s river in China (long).49. The(much), the(good).50. Nowadays(现在)English is( important ) than any other subject, I think.51. Tom can jump(high). He jumps(high) tha n the other boys in his

34、 class.52. Janet sing(well) in her class. She can sing(well) tha n her music teacher, too.53. My father is(han dsome). But my brother is(han dsome) tha n him. He is(han dsome) inmy family.54. I have(many) books in my class. But my teacher has(many) books tha n(I).55. Their house is much(old) tha n(w

35、e).56. She dances(well) than(he).57. His house are(small) of the four.58. Does her mother get up(early) tha n(you)?59. Which eats(many), the mouse, the dog or the horse?60. Which is(heavy), a hen or a chicke n?61. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the(clever).62. Gold(黄金)is(little) useful than iron(铁).6

36、3. Practice as(much) as you can.64. My brother is two years(old)tha n I / me.65. The(cheap) bags are not usually the best on es.66. Li Deming looks(fat) tha n before after the summer holidays.67. The boy is not so(in teresti ng) as his brother.68. Dick sings(well), she sings(well) tha n Joh n, but M

37、ary sings(well) in her class.69. She will be much(happy) in her new house.70. Alice is not as(tall) as Mike.四、选择题()1. She istha n.A. busier / us B. busier / our C. more busy / us D. more busy / we()2. Ja ne isthan Betty.A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall()3. China iscountry i

38、n the world.A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest()4. -Which isseas on in Beiji ng?-I think it's autu mn.A.goodB.better C.bestD.the best()5 . - Which is, the sun, the moon or the earth? - Of course, the moon is.A.small B.smallerC.smallest D.the smallest(

39、 )6.The air in Beiji ng is gett ing muchnow tha n a few years ago.A. clea n B. clea ner C. clea nestD. the clea nest()7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they aretha n before.A.cheap B.cheaper C.cheapestD. the cheapest()8 . I study English asas my brother.A.hard B. harder C. hardest()9. Which

40、is, a bicycle or a computer? A. expe nsive B.more expe nsive C.the most expe nsive()10. The Yellow River is one ofrivers in Chi na.A long B Ion ger C the Ion gest()11 . He feelstoday tha n yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired()12. Which do you like, coffee, tea or milk? A.

41、 the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst()13. Of the two toys, the child chose.A. the more expe nsive B. one most expe nsive C. a least expe nsive D. the most expe nsive of them()14. The line istha n that one.A. more Ion ger B. n ot Io nger C. much more Ion ger D. many more Ion ger()15. She is the

42、seco ndstude nt in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest()16. The book isof the two.A. thi nner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinn est()17. She lookstha n she does.A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older()18. The garde n is beco ming.A. more beautiful and moreB. more be

43、autiful and beautifulC. more and more beautifulD. more beautiful and beautifuler()19. They competed (比赛)to see who could work.A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better C. fastest and better D. faster and better()20.hurry,speed(欲速则不达).A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little()21. This kind of coffee is different.A. and it is also better B. and better than the other C. but also than others D. from the other, and better()22.The earth isthe moon.A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 timesKe