AIX+Hacmp双机热备oracle10g安装和双机切换

1、AIX+Hacmp 双机热备 oraclelOg安装环境说明系统部署：Unix AIX 6.1 版本 + HACMP 5.4 版本 + ORACLE 10g双机热备的方式是 Oracle程序安装在各自的主机上，只把数据库实例安装的共享存储上双机热备原理：通过 Hacmp实现双机热备，a、b两台小机中，同一时刻只有一台机器对外 提供服务，另一台机器处于待命状态。A为主机，b为备机，正常情况下是 a机对外提供服务，当a机发生故障无法提供服务时，b机会自动接管，将系统和oracle服务切换到b机上。这个自动切换的过程大概需要 3分钟的样子。当a机故障修改之后，启动a机上的hacmp，这时系统 又 会

2、自动从备机b上自动切换 回主机a上。小机a、b都有各自的IP地址，不管是a在提供服务， 还是b在提供服务，他们对外提供的服务IP地址是不变的，即客户端在连接的时候，不会因为 两台小机 之间的切换而需要改变配置。Oracle实例安装步骤1、安装前的准备1.1 修改root用户下的fsize资源限制：# vi /etc/security/limitsroot:fsize = -11.2 修改用户允许的最大进程数：# smit chgsys*it I r it I I |I no,沪磚 QUt Vrl 1ill Rll! 1' l 49 EolktF1LR 收 li 嘖 dllgL tlfl

3、s«licsiii cd10PJLfllry F Le IdsIDPartition 10外 HQGQWIFI1 即 MX?團ILL 川岬J科山卜肚htMbrr nFlh1 H LI 1 1 i| 1 mm厂1.3 修改root用户在命令行中使用backspace键:# cd# vi .profile smit erase A!注A!代表 backspace 键。1.4在每个节点上检查网络配置 1.5编辑hosts文件,把主备节点相应的主机名和IP写入1.6在每个节点上建立dba，hagsuser ， oinstall组和oracle 用户建立用户组：dba用户组:Group NAM

4、EdbaiADMINISTRATIVE group501ListADMINISTRATOR listProjectsGroup IDIINum.)USER listListListOKCommandResetCancel?br其中:hagsuser 组 ID : 502 oinstall 组 ID : 503注可以通过命令smit或smitty 操作。1.7 建立oracle 用户：oracle 用户：* User IMAjM tAOM | INI 15TFt A, TIUSE FTP*|-irsiaiidROUPdl'OLirP SETncoL匚吕AxeiI IIHtO PT 卜 &

5、lt;11 rr： rt-O!«nI Til al PRi：8-GFLAMCom main cl*_ an<ol注oracle的 primary group 为 dba ,Group Set 为 hagsuseroin stallHOME Directory 为/home/oracle1.8设置oracle 用户密码:# passwd oracle1.9 设置oracle用户资源限制：# vi /etc/security/limits oracle:fsize = -1 data = -1 stack = -1scpu = -11.10 为每个节点建立相同的Oracle软件主目

6、录1 建立 ORALCE_HOME CRS_ORA_HOM呼改变权限# mkdir -p /database/product/10.2.0/db_1# chow n -R oracle:dba /database/product/10.2.0# chmod -R 775 /database/product/10.2.01.11为每个节点设置Oracle用户的环境变量$ vi /oracle/home/.profileumask 022export ORACLE_BASE=/database/product/1O.2.Oexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/db_1 e

7、xport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bi n:/usr/bi n:/usr/sb in: $ORACLE_HOME/bi nexport ORACLE_SID= hdcrmexport NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBKexportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/libexport AIXTHREAD_SCOPE=S2、登陆一台小机a的unix系统，安装库软件使用Xmanager管理工具(Xbrowser),输入IP、用户、密码选择 Terminal

8、二IIztext bd itar'TerniinaJZ3 J3 | ' ' 独由土曲：独由竝魁出出曲：#由曲JU A.由出就也由址玄.由由整0.由土 JU：出由*竝，P 已£°|1 良 |-.lirTstJ.II l<onk： I二J下载数据库软件:以oracle 用户解压：$ cpio -ievd < 10gr2_aix5164_database.cpio以oralce用户打开图形界面XDM执行安装文件：$ cd /Disk1$ ./runln stall安装时选择只安装软件，结束时根据提示执行root.sh3、用Oracle用户登陆，

9、启图形界面：依次执行入校命令：Su -oracle （回车）dbca （回车）export DISPLAY=00:0.0 （回车 本步骤即导入操作所在机器的IP地址，区分大小写）sylonsdat a_b: 177 - Haan?per 2, 0 0notfQjr»J : l 垃 武；. ：iM=1 izfcsfjbiosiMz|畀代鬥：曲卅emir'jiNn-r、，*ri迪1勺，rN?n t/w、tsporr DispiAV-ir;. j . it，. im：o o4、进入 Oracle建库界面:般选择自定义建库- 7 - 8 - 10 -5Datab

10、ase Configuration Assistant, Step 9 of 1 2 : Database ContentSample SchemasCustom ScriptSample Schemas illustrate the use of a laired approacri to complexity and are used by some demonstraiion programs, installing this will give you ihe following schemas in your datatoe: Human Resources, Order Entry

11、 Online 匚atalog * Product Media, Information Exchange, Sales History h will also create a tablespace calleid EXAMPLE The table space will be about 13Q NSSpecify whether or not to add the Sample Schemas to vor database厂 Sample Schema?Cancel丿Help BaekNcki p jFinish- 12 -Database Configuration Assistan

12、t, Step 1 2 of 1 2 : Creation Options一 IDatabase Configuration Assistant: Warnin<p35%Enterprise manager configuration failed due to lhe following error -nullYou tan reiry configuring this daiaba 询th Enterprlie Manager later ey manually rur)NngJoafabase；product/lO.2.O/dbl/tiin/emca scripi.Clone ci

13、atatiase 匚佗at Ion in progressLog files farthe curnerrt operation arm located at ydatabase/protfuEt/10.2.0/db_ l/Ergtoollogs/dbca/hdappDatabase Configuration Assistant, Step 12 of 1 2 : Creation OptionsDatabase CcrDatabase Configuration AssistantDatabase creation complete. Check the logfiles at / dat

14、abase /product 10.2.0 dt)_ 1 /cfgtoollogs/dbca/hacnm for details.Database information.Global Database Name.nd ermSysiem ldentUler(5lD).hdermServer Parameter Filename: /daiabae/pnoaucl/10.2.0/db_ 1/dt)s>spfliehderm. oraAll daiabase accounts except ss, sitstem, dbsnmp, and sysman are locked. Select

15、 the Password Manage mem button to view a romplete list of locked accounts or tc manag e the dai abase act ounis (except DBSNMP and SVSMM). From The Pas sward Managemeni window, unlock only trie accounis you will ue. Oracle Corporation strongly recommends crangiing the default passwords Imnnedlatety

16、 after unlocking ihe account.Password Management.5、检查监听配置文件检查 listener.ora 禾口 tnsnames.ora 文件listener.ora文件配置如下：# listener.ora Network Configuration File:/database/product/10.2.0/db_1/ network/admi n/liste ner.ora# Gen erated by Oracle con figurati on tools.SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =(SID_DESC =(

17、SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)(ORACLE_HOME = /database/product/10.2.0/db_1)(PROGRAM = extproc)(SID_DESC =(GLOBAL_DBNAME = hdcrm)(ORACLE_HOME = /database/product/10.2.0/db_1)(SID_NAME = hdcrm)LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PORTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROCO) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)

18、(HOST = )(PORT = 1521) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = )(PORT = 1521) )tnsnames.ora 文件配置如下：# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /database/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.HDCRM =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS

19、= (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = )(PORT = 1521)(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVICE_NAME = hdcrm)EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0)(CONNECT_DATA =(SID = PLSExtProc)(PRESENTATION = RO)修改oracle启动文件,dbstart.sh和dbstop.sh文件，将新增的数据库加进入dbstart.sh 文件配置如下

20、：su - oracle<<EOFexport ORACLE_SID=hdcrmsqlplus sys/hd40 as sysdbastartupexitEOFecho "DB is STARTED"dbstop.sh文件配置如下： su - oracle«EOF export ORACLE_SID=hdcrm sqlplus sys/hd40 as sysdba shutdow n immediate exitEOFecho "DB is STOPED"6、切换到另外一台小机 b 上:6.1 在小机a上，输入命令：smitty c

21、lstop （回车）出现如下界面，光标移到第四行按F4,选择Move Resource Groups，然后按三次回车，系统自动 进行切换到b，大概需要3-5 分钟- 20 -PelpWindow Edit Options- 21 - # -Stop ClusteServicesType or seisct values nri entry f-ields,Press Enter AFTER making al 1 desired changes.* stop nowj on system restart or both Stop Cluster Services on these nodes

22、BROADCAST cluster shutdown?Entry Fields nowsyltrueseiect an Action on Resource Groups十+4-Brlng Resource Groups> +Seiecr an Action on Resource croupsMove cursor- to desi ed item and press Enter.Eri 广 g R 电 sourui Groups Of fl IneMove Resource 匚roupslJnmanage Resource GroupsFl =HelpF2-RefreshF3=ca.

23、ncelF8=ImageFiAExitEnter=Do/-Findn-«F-ind Next- # - # -切换OK- # - # - 22 - # -6.2参考前面步骤1，登陆小机b的Unix操作系统- # -6.3检查系统及oracle服务是否切换到b上Lspv检查 卷组是否切换过 来，datavg应为active状态ps -ef|grep ora_ 检查原有的数据库实例是 否已启动Urd'dttermWindow £di【OptionsJHelp0000000 0 00000000000000-00000000000000 0 00-0000 00004 0

24、00-0000000 -JI .1 1 .1 1 .1 J1 1 .1 JI .1 JI .1 1 .1 41- JCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC7CCCCCCCCCC eil1ee?eeee<DeEeeeee2eeQJe巳eeeee DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD :DDDDDDDDDD32- 24 -6.4参考前面步骤2-4,在小机b上创建同样的数据库实例，并且一定 要保证配置相同在b机上安装相同数据库实例的时 候，由于是安装在同一个存储的同一个 路径下，要采用覆盖安装的方式。Database Configuration Assistant, Step 12 of II2

25、 : Creation OptionsHelpBrowse.,.ye st .Finish厂How5e.b.CancelBackFinishDatabase Con figuration Assistant, Step 12 of 1 2 : Creation OptionsDatabase Configuration AssistantDatabase Configurarion AssistaiLoq files for the current operation are located ar/ d atabase /p ro du cr/10.2.0/db. l/cfgtoolloas/dbca/hdccmDatabase Configuration Assistant, Step 12 of 1 2 : Creation Options6.5启动小机a上的Hacmp，让系统自动从小机b上再切回到a上输入命令smitty clstart （回车）,选择第一项，然后再回车，启动HACMP程序。H.elpStart Cluster Seryices