2017 中考大纲 英语(长沙)

1、湖南省初中学业水平考试标准（2017年版）英 语一、 考试指导思想初中毕业英语学业考试以义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)（以下简称“英语课程标准”）五级目标为依据，是义务教育阶段英语学科的终结性考试。考试应以培养“全面发展的人”为核心，体现新一轮基础教育课程改革的基本理念，落实英语课程标准确立的“促进学生综合语言运用能力的发展”的考试指导思想。考试应有利于落实立德树人的根本任务；有利于全面贯彻国家教育方针，推进素质教育；有利于体现九年义务教育的性质，全面提高教育质量；有利于英语课程改革，提高英语教学质量, 培养学生勇于探究的创新精神和解决问题的实践能力，减轻学生过重的课业负担，促进学生生动

2、活泼、主动学习。英语学业考试要体现语言工具性和人文性的双重属性，落实知识与能力、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观“三维”课程目标，要依据英语课程标准和现行教材来确定考查内容，既重视考查学生对英语基础知识与基本技能的掌握情况，更重视考查学生在具体情境中综合运用语言的能力。在试卷设计上要遵循教育测量的基本原理，坚持以交际语言测试为主，分离测试、综合测试等多种测试并存，力求在语篇层次上，在尽可能真实情景中，以互动的形式测试学生的综合语言运用能力；不仅要关注试卷信度，更要注重试卷的效度；在力求试卷结构简约的同时，确保考查内容的覆盖面，杜绝繁、偏、旧试题，科学控制题量和难度。要坚持“以能力立意为主、知识立意

3、为辅”的原则，根据语言实际使用情形命题，适当增大主观性、开放性试题的比重，尽可能避免命制以词或句为语言单位的试题，不应在脱离语境的情况下单独考查微观语言知识。在选择语言素材时，要充分考虑学生的实际生活和身心发展水平、地域以及文化差异，选用真实、地道、形式多样的语言素材。要根据试题考查的目的和重点，制定科学、可行的评分标准，使英语水平不同学生的成绩都能得到全面、公正、客观、准确的评价，充分发挥考试的鉴定和激励功能，充分发挥测试对教学的正面反拨作用。二、考试内容与要求英语课程标准规定的义务教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是发展学生的语言综合运用能力。这一能力是建立在语言知识、语言技能、情感态度、学习策略

4、和文化意识等五个方面的基础之上的。英语学业考试既要侧重考查学生的语言知识、语言技能、跨文化交际意识和跨文化交际能力，同时又要兼顾对情感态度和学习策略等课程目标的正确引导和适当考查。因此，试卷内容要符合学生生理和心理特点，要关注学生的情感，试题设计要有利于学生养成良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略。根据英语课程标准所规定的五级目标的要求，并结合我省初中英语教学的实际，制定本考试内容如下：（一）语言知识要求考生能够掌握语音、语法等基础知识，学会使用15001600个单词和200300条习惯用语或固定搭配。语法考试内容如下：1.名词（1）可数名词及其单复数（2）不可数名词（3）专有名词（4）名词所有

5、格2.代词（1）人称代词（2）物主代词（3）反身代词（4）指示代词（5）不定代词（6）疑问代词3.数词（1）基数词 （2）序数词4.介词和介词短语 5.连词6.形容词（包括比较级和最高级）7.副词（包括比较级和最高级）8.冠词9.动词（1）动词的基本形式 （2）系动词 （3）及物动词和不及物动词 （4）助动词 （5）情态动词(6) 时态现在进行时一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时 过去进行时现在完成时 (7) 被动语态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时(8) 非谓语动词(动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语)(9) 动词短语10. 构词法（1）前缀、后缀（2）转化（3）合成11. 句子种类 （1）陈

6、述句（肯定式和否定式）（2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句）（3）祈使句 （4）感叹句12. 简单句的基本句型（1）主语 + 系动词 + 表语 （2）主语 + 不及物动词（3）主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 （4）主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（5）主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 （6）there be 句型13.并列复合句14.主从复合句（1）宾语从句 （2）状语从句 （3）定语从句(能辨认出由that, which, who引导的限定性定语从句,并能理解句子意思。) 语音、词汇等其它语言知识考试内容参见英语课程标准相关部分。（二）语言技能1听力技能要

7、求在听到有关日常生活的熟悉话题时，考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取事实性的具体信息；（3）推测说话人的身份、意图和观点；（4）根据语境和实际情况对话；（5）针对所听内容记录主要信息。2阅读技能要求在阅读各种体裁和题材的简短书面材料时，考生应能：(1) 理解主旨要义；(2) 理解材料中的具体信息；(3) 根据上下文和构词法猜测生词或短语的含义；(4) 推断作者的身份、意图和观点； (5) 预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；(6) 根据要求从文章中摘录相关信息；(7) 根据阅读材料回答问题。3写作技能要求考生使用所学语言基础知识，以语篇为单位，清楚、连贯地进行控制性和开放性写作。考生应能：

8、（1）根据英汉表达习惯，翻译文中部分内容；（2）根据图示、表格等写出简单的文字说明；（3）根据提示或实际情况，描述事件或表达自己的真情实感；（4）根据提示或实际情况，写简单的书信、电子邮件、告示、海报等应用文。4口语技能要求考生使用所学的语音、语法和词汇等基础知识，以口头的形式清楚、流利地表达自己的意思。考生应能：（1）正确朗读浅易的书面材料；（2）简单表达图片内容；（3）就熟悉的话题简单地表达自己的观点和态度；（4）与人沟通、合作，进行有效的信息交流。 三、 考试形式与试卷结构英语学业考试包括听力、笔头和口语测试，分卷测试。听力测试和笔头测试同卷，采用书面作答的形式闭卷进行，口语测试另卷以面

9、试形式单独进行。 （一）考试题型1. 客观题型：判断、选择、匹配等答案唯一的题型，其整卷权重值不高于0.55。2. 主观题型：听写、对话、摘录、简答、完成对话、翻译语篇、作文、朗读、说话等答案不唯一的题型，其整卷权重值不低于0.45。其中控制性主观题 (即答案内容确定、表达形式不唯一的试题) 整卷权重值不高于0.35，开放性主观题 (即答案内容不确定、表达形式也不唯一的试题) 整卷权重值不低于0.20。 （二）试卷难度试卷难度值为0.70。其中容易题、稍难题、较难题的比例分别为：70%、15%、15%。 （三）试卷结构卷数大题数小题数客、主观题权重知识、能力题权重整卷难度值客观主观知识能力控制

10、开放1-24-5750.50 0.800.70 (四) 试卷模块 倡导口语考试，且口试成绩纳入英语学业考试成绩。 试卷模块一：适应单独进行口试，但口试成绩不纳入英语学业考试成绩的市、州。考查内容客、主观题权重知识、能力题权重大题（权重/难度）典型题型客观主观知识能力听力技能（0.20/0.70）选择0.10000.10听写、对话00.100.10知识运用（0.20/0.75）单项填空0.1000.100完形填空0.1000.100阅读技能（0.40/0.75）选择、匹配0.25000.25摘录、简答00.1500.15写作技能（0.20/0.55）完成对话、翻译语篇（控

11、制性表达）00.1000.10作文（开放性写作）00.1000.10合计40.550.450.200.80试卷模块二：适应单独进行口试，且口试成绩纳入英语学业考试成绩的市、州。卷次考查内容客、主观题权重知识、能力题权重大题(权重/难度)典型题型客观主观知识能力第一卷笔试听力技能 (0.15/0.70)选择0.10000.10听写00.0500.05知识运用 (0.20/0.75)单项填空0.1000.100完形填空0.1000.100阅读技能 (0.35/0.75)选择、匹配0.25000.25摘录、简答00.1000.10写作技能 (0.20/0.55)翻译语篇（控制性表达）00.1000.

12、10作文（开放性写作）00.1000.10第二卷口试口语技能（0.10/0.75)朗读、说话、对话00.1000.10合计250.550.450.200.80四、 题型示例I. 听力技能本部分侧重考查学生从录音材料中获取信息、理解信息和处理信息的能力。命题时要尽量选用口语材料，不应在脱离语境的情况下单纯考查语言基础知识。在反应题中应尽可能命制一些开放性试题，在一个较完整的语境中考查学生的真实表达能力。答题形式相同的理解题，不论选项是以图片还是文字形式呈现，应列于同一题型内考查，以确保考查目的明确、试卷结构简约、卷面阅读量不降低。例题一 对话理解I. 听一段对话，选择正确的答案回答1个问题。Wh

13、at is Mikes birthday gift?A.B.C. 录音原文 W: Hello, Mike! This is your birthday gift, a camera. M: Thank you! Mom. 参考答案 BII. 听一段对话，选择正确的答案回答1个问题。 Which is Bobs favorite subject? A. English.B. Math.C. Chinese. 录音原文 W: Hi, Bob. How was your English exam today?M: Very good. You know English is my favorite

14、subject.参考答案 AIII. 听第一段对话，回答第1至2小题。1What does Franks father do?AA doctor. BA worker. CA cook.2When did Franks father start to work there?A12 years ago. B16 years ago. C20 years ago.录音原文W: It seems that your father is very busy, Frank.M: Thats true. He is a doctor and he seldom spends holidays with u

15、s.W: Where is his hospital? M: It is near the train station. He has worked there for about twenty years. 参考答案 1-2 AC例题二 听写 根据你所听到的内容，填写下面的表格，每空不超过3个单词。 Life in the futureAspects（方面）ChangesDiet（饮食）l eat more 1 l stay away from junk food（垃圾食品） 2 l study on computers at homel 3 onlineWorkl work 4 than

16、we do nowl have robots do dangerous and 5 jobs录音原文 Life in the future will be quite different from life today. First, there will be changes in the diet. Perhaps people will eat more fruit and vegetables. They will keep away from junk food. So they may be healthier in the future.Great changes will al

17、so take place in education. Students wont go to school. They will study on computers at home and take exams online. Computers will be smaller and more useful, and they may be small enough to be put into pockets. Whats more, work in the future will be different, too. People will work fewer hours than

18、 we do now. And theyll have more free time for sports and traveling. They even have robots do dangerous and hard jobs.In short, life in the future will be great and colorful.参考答案1fruit and vegetables 2Education 3take exams 4fewer hours 5Hard例题三 对话 根据你听到的内容和实际情况，写出简要答语, 完成录音问卷调查表。 (注：本题提供的是开放性提示，属开放性

19、试题) QUESTIONNAIREEnglish Learning in Schools 1. _2. _ 3. _4. _5. _ 录音原文 Excuse me, can I ask you some questions? Im a newspaper reporter. Im going to write about English learning in schools. Your answers will be of great help for me. Of course, you cant speak right now since youre having the test, I

20、 know. So you have to write your answers when you hear my questions. Just write your answers on your paper. OK? Yes, thanks. Lets begin. My first question is, When did you begin to learn English? Please write your answers.（提示声） My second question, How many English words have you already learned? （提示

21、声） My third one is, Do you usually speak English or Chinese in your English class? （提示声） The fourth, Are you still interested in English? （提示声） Now comes my last question. Why do you still like English or why not any more? （提示声） Thats all for my questions today. Thank you very much for your help. （提

22、示声）参考答案 1. In 2002. 2. About 1600. 3. English. 4. Yes, I am. / No, not any more.5. Because English is very useful. / Because its become too difficult for me.II. 知识运用 本部分侧重考查学生在一定的语境中灵活运用语法、词汇等语言知识的能力。单项填空题要注意加大考点的覆盖面，力求题干语境真实、语义完整、表达地道。完形填空题应避免单纯根据语法结构设疑，要在重点考查阅读理解能力的同时，测试考生通过上下文灵活运用动词、名词和形容词等语言知识的能

23、力，选材以记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章为宜。要注意选项的同质性，力求类别相同、先后有序、长短一致、难度相当，以提高试题的信度和效度。例题一 单项填空 从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的答案填空。1.Do you know Taiwan, Jerry?Yes. Taiwan is _ island. It belongs to China.A. a B. an C. the2.What _ when the earthquake (地震) happened on May 12th ?Er, I was having a geography lesson in the classroom.A. are y

24、ou doingB. did you doC. were you doing3. Whos basketball player in China now? Is it Yao Ming?No. Its Sun Mingming. A. tall B. taller C. the tallest参考答案 13 BCC例题二 完形填空 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。During my second month of the art school, our teacher gave us a pop quiz (突击小测验). I was a ha

25、rd-working student and I did well in all the 1 . I had finished the questions successfully and easily, until I read the last one: “What is the first name of the 2 who cleans the school?”Surely this was some kind of joke. I had seen the cleaning woman several times. She was tall, dark-haired and abou

26、t 50 years old, 3 how would I know her name? I handed in my paper, leaving the 4 question empty.Just before class 5 , one student asked if the last question would count towards our quiz grade.“Absolutely (绝对地),” said the teacher. “In your life, you will meet many people. 6 people are important and a

27、ll jobs are important. They deserve (值得) your attention and care, even if all that you do is 7 and say hello.”Ive never 8 that lesson. Actually, that was the most 9 lesson in my life. I 10 learned her name was Feng Yue.1. A. subjectsB. homework C. texts2. A. nurse B. woman C. student3. A. orB. andC.

28、 but 4. A. first B. second C. last 5. A. endedB. beganC. changed 6. A. SomeB. Most C. All7. A. laugh B. smileC. shout8. A. learned B. forgottenC. remembered9. A. importantB. boring C. relaxing10. A. seldom B. alsoC. never参考答案：15 ABCCA 610 CBBAB III. 阅读技能初中英语学业考试应把阅读技能作为主要考查内容，着重考查学生从各种书面材料中获取信息、理解信息

29、和分析、处理信息的能力。所选材料要力求体裁多样、题材丰富、时代感强，体现地域及文化差异；内容要符合学生的生活实际和身心发展水平，具有教育功能。由于承载信息媒介的日益多样化，命题时要适当选用一些实用性强的语言材料，如广告、告示、说明书、指令、图表等。例题一 选择 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(A) International LibraryBOOKS, CDS, AND VIDEOSOver 100 foreign newspapers and magazinesEntrance(进入) FreeMonday Friday 8:30 am -6

30、:30 pm1. There are over 100 _ in the InternationalLibrary.A. foreign booksB. CDS and VideosC. foreign newspapers and magazines 2. The library is NOT open on _. A. Tuesday B. ThursdayC. Saturday3. People _ if they want to go into the International Library. A. dont need to pay B. need ID cards C. need

31、 to buy tickets ( B )DIY, which means Do It Yourself, is quite popular in UK. Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things. TV programs show people how to DIY.English people like DIY. There is a saying in UK “An Englishmans home is his castle（城堡）”. A lot of people spend their holidays making thei

32、r homes beautiful “castles”. They share DIY experiences with their friends. More and more people have discovered the joy of DIY. Sometimes people also DIY for saving money. With the economic downturn（经济低迷） at present, many people can not afford a big house. They are looking at how they can make thei

33、r houses better without spending a lot of money. It is not surprising that DIY is so popular.DIY can bring us fun and help us save money, but it is not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off more than we can chew. Maybe factories should make products（产品） that are easier and safer for u

34、s to DIY. 5. What does DIY mean?A. Do it yourself.B. Popular. C. Cheap.6. Why is DIY so popular in UK? Because .A. many people can not afford a big houseB. lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY thingsC. DIY can bring people fun and help them save money7. How do we understand the saying “An Englis

35、hmans home is his castle”?A. A lot of people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful.B. People make their houses better without spending much money.C. People share DIY experiences with their friends.8. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. DIY things.B. DIY in UK.C. I like DIY.(C)In a su

36、rvey of 2005 schoolchildren in six cities, including Beijing and Shanghai, it was found that about 77% of them were short of sleep. Should school hours be cut? In a new survey taken by the China Daily website, almost 70% of the 1,133 people online agreed to cutting school hours, while 20% disagreed

37、and 10% gave no answer.Liu Xing (12-year-old, 6-grade student): I get up at 5:50 every school day, and go to bed at 10:30. Besides, I spend my weekends taking classes in math and English, as well as learning to play the piano.Wang Qun (Liu Xings mother): My son is still not doing enough to win a pla

38、ce at a top high school, as it is so competitive. They want students with good English and math and also special skills.“Craig” (netizen): The best way for children to learn is playing. By playing, they can improve all kinds of skills.“Skylark” (netizen): Young parents have little time to play with

39、their children, so letting them go home early is not a good idea. I think schools should have more activities for children after class.Qi Zhen (high school teacher): People might take some time to accept shorter school hours. It will also take time to change peoples traditional mind that going to co

40、llege is the only way to a good job.9. According to the survey, _schoolchildren think they are short of sleep.A. mostB. fewC. all10. The survey made by China Daily website shows that many people think school hours _.A. should be a little longerB. should be cut shorterC. is quite all right11. Liu Xin

41、g is very busy mostly because his mother wants him to _.A. win a placeB. play the pianoC. go to a top high school12. “Skylark” thinks its a good idea that children have more_.A. time at homeB. activities at homeC. after-class activities in school13. We can infer (推断) from his words that Qi Zhen_ cut

42、ting school hours.A. agreestoB. disagrees toC. gives no answer to参考答案 15 CCAAC 610 ABABC 1112 CA例题二 匹配 I. 阅读下篇材料，从所给的AF六个选项中，选出正确的选项填空，使短文通顺、内容完整。The police do many things for us. They help keep us and our things safe. They help keep cars moving safely. They take care of people who are hurt. 1 The p

43、olice go around town to see that everything is all right. 2 Some of them walk or go by car. In some big cities, some of the police ride on horses.As they go around town, the police help people. 3 Then they take the children home. If the police see a fight, they will stop it at once. Sometimes people

44、 will ask the police how to get to a place in town. The police can always tell people which way to go. They know all the streets and roads well.Some police stand at crossings. 4 They make sure that the cars do not go too fast. They help children cross the streets. They also help people who cant walk

45、 well.Without the police, our streets would not be safe. 5 Lost people might never be found . The police do a good job. We need them. And we should thank them for their good job. Sometimes they find lost children. Then they see these people get to a doctor. It is their duty to help out the people in

46、 trouble and put out a fire. Cars might go too fast and hurt people. They tell the cars when to go and when to stop. They get around town in many ways.参考答案 15 BFAED II. 阅读15段材料，根据每段内容选出恰当的标题。1. _ Last month, at the age of 42, Dmitry Medvedev (梅德韦杰夫) becomes the youngest president of modern Russia. H

47、e has been a fan of British hard rock since childhood. But his parents didnt have the money to buy him his favorite bands albums. However, 30 years later, he was able to invite the band to play at Kremlin (克里姆林宫). 2. _ He is the premier of the worlds most populous (人口多的)country. But, millions of peo

48、ple would rather call him “grandpa”. Always in plain (朴素的) jackets, he seems an ordinary old man with a kind smile. But in the face of disasters he has the power to pull together the whole country.3. _Chinas biggest earthquake in 32 years has shaken all fields of life. All athletes said that they wo

49、uld like to do whatever they can. Liu Xiang and his coach donated (捐款) for the quake victims. NBA all-star center Yao Ming has promised to donate 2 million yuan. They want to help those who are suffering from the quake.4. _An 18-meter high “Olympic torch (火炬)” made of more than 110,000 pots of flowe

50、rs, the biggest “Olympic torch” in the world, is seen at the Liberation Park in Wuhan, Hubei Province. The “Olympic torch” was exhibited at the opening ceremony of the 2008 Wuhan Flower Expo (世博会) to express local peoples best wishes to this summer Olympic Games. 5. _During three days of national mo

51、urning (哀悼) ordered by the government, national flags were flying at half-mast and public entertainment had been canceled (取消). The public were asked to stand in silence for three minutes from 2:28 pm on Monday, the time the deadly quake hit on May 12.A. “Grandpa” is hereB. The biggest “Olympic torc

52、h” in the worldC. The youngest presidentD. A nation mournsE. Quake shakes sporting worldF. The Olympic Games参考答案 15 CAEBD 例题三 摘录 阅读短文，然后完成内容摘要。 Some etiquette（礼仪）in modern life Do you often use a cellphone? Do you take the subway to school every day? These items make our modern life easier. But do y

53、ou know how we should behave properly while using them? The following suggestions might be helpful. For cellphone users Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public. Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable. And youd better not use it during an appointment（约会）. Stop sending messages or playing games with your cellp