神经学解剖影像

1、1神经影像学培训教材神经影像学培训教材2tonsils tonsils 小脑扁桃体小脑扁桃体 3pyramid pyramid 锥体锥体vertebral artery vertebral artery 椎动脉椎动脉inferior olive inferior olive 下橄榄核下橄榄核 4Horizontal fissureHorizontal fissure水平裂水平裂posterior inferior posterior inferior cerebellar arterycerebellar artery小脑后下动脉，小脑后下动脉， falx cerebelli falx cer

2、ebelli 大脑镰大脑镰 5glossopharyngeal glossopharyngeal nerve nerve 舌咽神经舌咽神经VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部 6medulla medulla 延髓延髓vertebral arteryvertebral artery 椎动脉椎动脉tentorium cerebellitentorium cerebelli小脑幕小脑幕 4 4thth ventricle ventricle 第第4 4脑室脑室 7 anterior inferior anterior inferior cerebellar artery cerebellar

3、artery 小脑前下动脉小脑前下动脉PyramidPyramid锥体锥体basis pontisbasis pontis桥脑臂桥脑臂 dentate nucleusdentate nucleus齿状核齿状核cerebellar cerebellar hemisphere hemisphere 小脑半球小脑半球 8maxillary sinusmaxillary sinus上颌窦上颌窦basilar arterybasilar artery 基底动脉基底动脉sigmoid sinus sigmoid sinus 乙乙狀狀窦窦 4 4thth ventricle ventricle 第第4 4脑

4、室脑室tentorium cerebelli tentorium cerebelli 小脑幕小脑幕 9CNs , CNs , 7 7，8 8颅神经颅神经basis pontis basis pontis 桥脑臂桥脑臂 mastoid sinusmastoid sinus 乳突气窦乳突气窦calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟 10internal carotid internal carotid artery artery 颈内动脉颈内动脉temporo-occipital temporo-occipital incisureincisure颞枕切迹颞

5、枕切迹 inferior occipital inferior occipital gyrusgyrus枕下回枕下回4 4thth ventricle ventricle第第4 4脑室脑室 11trigeminal nervetrigeminal nerve三叉神经三叉神经basilar arterybasilar artery基底动脉基底动脉petrous bonepetrous bone岩骨岩骨cerebellar cerebellar hemisphere hemisphere 小脑半球小脑半球fusiform gyrusfusiform gyrus梭梭狀狀回回calcarine sul

6、cus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟inferior lingual inferior lingual gyrusgyrus舌回舌回 12parahippocampal parahippocampal gyrus gyrus 海马旁回海马旁回lingual sulcus lingual sulcus 舌沟舌沟calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟 periaquaductal grey periaquaductal grey 中脑导水管周围灰质中脑导水管周围灰质 middle temporal middle temporal gyru

7、s gyrus 颞中回颞中回anterior temporal anterior temporal gyrusgyrus颞上回颞上回 13maxillary sinusmaxillary sinus上颌窦上颌窦prepontine cisternprepontine cistern桥前池桥前池falx cerebelli falx cerebelli 大脑镰大脑镰 VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部 pons pons 桥脑桥脑 cavernous sinuscavernous sinus海绵窦海绵窦 14sphenoid sinussphenoid sinus蝶窦蝶窦pituitary

8、 pituitary 垂体垂体temporal horntemporal horn下角下角inferior occipital inferior occipital gyrusgyrus枕下回枕下回calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟superior occipital superior occipital gyrusgyrus枕上回枕上回fusiform gyrusfusiform gyrus梭梭狀狀回回paramesencephalic paramesencephalic cistern cistern 中脑旁池中脑旁池basilar arter

9、y basilar artery 基底动脉基底动脉internal carotid internal carotid arteryartery颈内动脉颈内动脉 15sella turcicasella turcica蝶鞍蝶鞍posterior posterior communication communication artery artery 后交通动脉后交通动脉ambient cistern ambient cistern 环池环池occipital hornoccipital horn枕角枕角tentorium cerebellitentorium cerebelli小脑幕小脑幕infe

10、rior colliculusinferior colliculus下丘下丘hippocampus hippocampus 海马海马posterior cerebral posterior cerebral artery artery 大脑后动脉大脑后动脉 16suprasellar cistern suprasellar cistern 鞍上池鞍上池InfundibulumInfundibulum漏斗漏斗 parahippocampal parahippocampal gyrusgyrus海马旁回海马旁回 CuneusCuneus楔叶楔叶VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部cerebra

11、l pedunclecerebral peduncle大脑脚大脑脚internal carotid internal carotid arteryartery颈内动脉颈内动脉 17internal carotid internal carotid artery artery 颈内动脉颈内动脉middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞中回颞中回inferior temporal inferior temporal gyrusgyrus颞下回颞下回middle occipital middle occipital gyrusgyrus枕中回枕中回supe

12、rior colliculussuperior colliculus上丘上丘aquaduct of Sylvius aquaduct of Sylvius 中脑导水管中脑导水管amygdalaamygdala杏仁体杏仁体suprasellar cisternsuprasellar cistern鞍上池鞍上池optic chiasm nerveoptic chiasm nerve视交叉视交叉 18mamillary bodymamillary body乳头体乳头体InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶red nucleusred nucleus红核红核corpus callosum corpus ca

13、llosum spleniumsplenium胼胝体压部胼胝体压部superior sagittal superior sagittal sinussinus上矢状窦上矢状窦vein of Galenvein of Galen大脑大静脉大脑大静脉pinealpineal松果腺，松果腺， substantia nigrasubstantia nigra黑质黑质optic tractoptic tract视束视束 19middle cerebral middle cerebral arteryartery大脑中动脉大脑中动脉choroids plexuschoroids plexus脉络丛脉络丛p

14、arieto-occipital parieto-occipital sulcussulcus顶枕沟顶枕沟posterior commisure posterior commisure 后连合后连合HypothalamusHypothalamus下丘脑下丘脑anterior cerebral anterior cerebral arteryartery大脑前动脉大脑前动脉ethmoid sinusethmoid sinus筛窦筛窦 20 cribriform platecribriform plate筛板筛板superior temporal superior temporal gyrusgy

15、rus颞上回颞上回middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞中回颞中回AtriumAtrium脑室腔脑室腔thalamus thalamus 背侧丘脑背侧丘脑3th ventricle 3th ventricle 第第3 3脑室脑室ethmoid sinusethmoid sinus筛窦筛窦 21 straight gyrus straight gyrus 直回直回orbital gyrusorbital gyrus眶回眶回Sylvian fissureSylvian fissure外侧裂外侧裂superior temporal gyrussuper

16、ior temporal gyrus颞上回颞上回middle temporal gyrusmiddle temporal gyrus颞中回颞中回parieto-occipital parieto-occipital sulcussulcus顶枕沟顶枕沟cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣带回扣带回corpus callosumcorpus callosum胼胝体胼胝体internal cerebral veininternal cerebral vein大脑内静脉大脑内静脉3th ventricle 3th ventricle 第第3 3脑室脑室 massa inte

17、rmediamassa intermedia中间块中间块anterior commisureanterior commisure前连合前连合anterior cerebral anterior cerebral arteryartery大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 22 nucleus accumbensnucleus accumbens伏隔核伏隔核InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶inferior temporal inferior temporal gyrus gyrus 颞下回颞下回transverse transverse occipital sulcusoccipital sulcus枕横沟枕

18、横沟superior occipital superior occipital gyrus gyrus 上枕回上枕回middle occipital middle occipital gyrus gyrus 中枕回中枕回atrium atrium 脑室腔脑室腔ThalamusThalamus背侧丘脑背侧丘脑globus pallidus globus pallidus 苍白球苍白球putamen putamen 壳核壳核FornixFornix穹窿穹窿orbital gyrusorbital gyrus眶回眶回 23foramen of Monro foramen of Monro 室间孔室间

19、孔middle cerebral middle cerebral artry artry 大脑中动脉大脑中动脉parieto-occipital parieto-occipital sulcussulcus顶枕沟顶枕沟choroids plexuschoroids plexus脉络丛脉络丛internal capsuleinternal capsule内囊内囊caudate head caudate head 尾状核头部尾状核头部 24 Sylvian fissureSylvian fissure外侧裂外侧裂thalamo-striate thalamo-striate veinvein丘脑纹

20、状体静脉丘脑纹状体静脉internal cerebral internal cerebral veinvein大脑内静脉大脑内静脉choroidal veinchoroidal vein脉络膜静脉脉络膜静脉middle occipital middle occipital gyrusgyrus中枕回中枕回intra-occipital intra-occipital sulcussulcus枕内沟枕内沟superior temporal superior temporal gyrus gyrus 颞上回颞上回inferior frontal inferior frontal gyrusgyru

21、s额下回额下回anterior cerebral anterior cerebral artery artery 大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 25superior frontal superior frontal gyrus gyrus 额上回额上回caudate head caudate head 尾状核头部尾状核头部central sulcuscentral sulcus中央沟中央沟superior sagittal superior sagittal sinussinus上矢状窦上矢状窦falx cerebrifalx cerebri大脑镰大脑镰corpus callosumcorpus ca

22、llosum胼胝体胼胝体ThalamusThalamus丘脑丘脑InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶septum pellucidumseptum pellucidum透明隔透明隔cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣带回扣带回frontal sinusfrontal sinus额窦额窦 26corona radianacorona radiana放射冠放射冠central sulcuscentral sulcus中央沟中央沟angular gyrusangular gyrus角回角回intraparietal sulcusintraparietal sulcus顶内沟顶内

23、沟postcentral gyruspostcentral gyrus中央后回中央后回Sylvian fissureSylvian fissure外侧裂外侧裂frontal hornfrontal horn额角额角corpus callosum genu corpus callosum genu 胼胝体膝胼胝体膝 27superior frontal superior frontal gyrus gyrus 额上回额上回middle frontal middle frontal gyrusgyrus额中回额中回central sulcuscentral sulcus中央沟中央沟supremar

24、ginal gyrus supremarginal gyrus 缘上回缘上回intraparietal intraparietal sulcussulcus顶内沟顶内沟angular gyrusangular gyrus角回角回anterior cerebral anterior cerebral artery artery 大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 28caudate bodycaudate body尾状核体部尾状核体部central sulcuscentral sulcus中央沟中央沟CuneusCuneus楔叶楔叶cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣带回扣带回pos

25、tcentral gyruspostcentral gyrus中央后回中央后回precentral gyrusprecentral gyrus中央前回中央前回corona radianacorona radiana放射冠放射冠 29central sulcuscentral sulcus中央沟中央沟marginal sulcusmarginal sulcus缘沟缘沟angular gyrusangular gyrus角回角回corpus callosumcorpus callosum胼胝体胼胝体middle frontal middle frontal gyrus gyrus 额中回额中回 3

26、0superior frontal superior frontal gyrus gyrus 额上回额上回cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣带回扣带回middle frontal middle frontal gyrusgyrus额中回额中回inferior frontal inferior frontal gyrusgyrus额下回额下回 central sulcuscentral sulcus中央沟中央沟superior parietal superior parietal gyrus gyrus 顶上回顶上回postcentral gyruspostcentr

27、al gyrus中央后回中央后回precentral gyrusprecentral gyrus中央前回中央前回centrum semiovalecentrum semiovale半卵圆中心半卵圆中心 31Vertebral arteryVertebral artery椎动脉椎动脉Foramen magnumForamen magnum枕大孔枕大孔Spinal cordSpinal cord脊髓脊髓32pyramid pyramid 锥体锥体vertebral artery vertebral artery 椎椎动脉动脉inferior olive inferior olive 下橄下橄榄核榄

28、核 33tonsils tonsils 小脑扁桃体小脑扁桃体34Horizontal fissureHorizontal fissure水水平裂平裂posterior inferior posterior inferior cerebellar arterycerebellar artery小脑后下动脉，小脑后下动脉， falx cerebelli falx cerebelli 大脑镰大脑镰 35glossopharyngeal glossopharyngeal nerve nerve 舌咽神经舌咽神经VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部36medulla medulla 延髓延髓vert

29、ebral arteryvertebral artery 椎动脉椎动脉tentorium cerebellitentorium cerebelli小脑幕小脑幕 4 4thth ventricle ventricle 第第4 4脑室脑室 37 anterior inferior anterior inferior cerebellar artery cerebellar artery 小脑前下动脉小脑前下动脉PyramidPyramid锥体锥体basis pontisbasis pontis桥脑臂桥脑臂 dentate nucleusdentate nucleus齿状核齿状核cerebellar

30、 cerebellar hemisphere hemisphere 小脑半球小脑半球 38maxillary sinusmaxillary sinus上颌窦上颌窦Prepontine cisternPrepontine cistern 桥前池桥前池Falx cerebri Falx cerebri 大脑镰大脑镰 vermis vermis 小脑蚓部小脑蚓部pons pons 桥脑桥脑Cavernous sinusCavernous sinus海绵窦海绵窦 39maxillary sinusmaxillary sinus上颌窦上颌窦basilar arterybasilar artery 基底动

31、脉基底动脉sigmoid sinus sigmoid sinus 乙乙狀狀窦窦 4 4thth ventricle ventricle 第第4 4脑室脑室tentorium cerebelli tentorium cerebelli 小脑幕小脑幕 40CNs , CNs , 7 7，8 8颅神经颅神经calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟mastoid sinusmastoid sinus 乳突气窦乳突气窦basis pontis basis pontis 桥脑臂桥脑臂ClivusClivus斜坡斜坡41internal carotid interna

32、l carotid artery artery 颈内动脉颈内动脉temporo-occipital temporo-occipital incisureincisure颞枕切迹颞枕切迹 inferior occipital inferior occipital gyrusgyrus枕下回枕下回4 4thth ventricle ventricle第第4 4脑室脑室 42trigeminal nervetrigeminal nerve三叉神经三叉神经basilar arterybasilar artery基底动脉基底动脉petrous bonepetrous bone岩骨岩骨cerebellar

33、 cerebellar hemisphere hemisphere 小脑半球小脑半球fusiform gyrusfusiform gyrus梭梭狀狀回回calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟inferior lingual inferior lingual gyrusgyrus舌回舌回 43parahippocampal parahippocampal gyrus gyrus 海马旁回海马旁回lingual sulcus lingual sulcus 舌沟舌沟calcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟 periaq

34、uaductal grey periaquaductal grey 中脑导水管周围灰质中脑导水管周围灰质 middle temporal middle temporal gyrus gyrus 颞中回颞中回anterior temporal anterior temporal gyrusgyrus颞上回颞上回 44sphenoid sinussphenoid sinus蝶窦蝶窦pituitary pituitary 垂体垂体temporal horntemporal horn下角下角inferior occipital inferior occipital gyrusgyrus枕下回枕下回ca

35、lcarine sulcus calcarine sulcus 距状沟距状沟superior occipital superior occipital gyrusgyrus枕上回枕上回fusiform gyrusfusiform gyrus梭梭狀狀回回paramesencephalic paramesencephalic cistern cistern 中脑旁池中脑旁池basilar artery basilar artery 基底动脉基底动脉internal carotid internal carotid arteryartery颈内动脉颈内动脉 45sella turcicasella

36、turcica蝶鞍蝶鞍posterior posterior communication communication artery artery 后交通动脉后交通动脉ambient cistern ambient cistern 环池环池occipital hornoccipital horn枕角枕角tentorium cerebellitentorium cerebelli小脑幕小脑幕inferior colliculusinferior colliculus下丘下丘hippocampus hippocampus 海马海马posterior cerebral posterior cerebr

37、al artery artery 大脑后动脉大脑后动脉 46suprasellar cistern suprasellar cistern 鞍上池鞍上池InfundibulumInfundibulum漏斗漏斗 parahippocampal parahippocampal gyrusgyrus海马旁回海马旁回 CuneusCuneus楔叶楔叶VermisVermis小脑蚓部小脑蚓部cerebral pedunclecerebral peduncle大脑脚大脑脚internal carotid internal carotid arteryartery颈内动脉颈内动脉 47internal ca

38、rotid internal carotid artery artery 颈内动脉颈内动脉middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞中回颞中回inferior temporal inferior temporal gyrusgyrus颞下回颞下回middle occipital middle occipital gyrusgyrus枕中回枕中回superior colliculussuperior colliculus上丘上丘aquaduct of Sylvius aquaduct of Sylvius 中脑导水管中脑导水管amygdalaamygd

39、ala杏仁体杏仁体suprasellar cisternsuprasellar cistern鞍上池鞍上池optic chiasm nerveoptic chiasm nerve视交叉视交叉 48mamillary bodymamillary body乳头体乳头体InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶red nucleusred nucleus红核红核corpus callosum corpus callosum spleniumsplenium胼胝体压部胼胝体压部superior sagittal superior sagittal sinussinus上矢状窦上矢状窦vein of Galenv

40、ein of Galen大脑大静脉大脑大静脉pinealpineal松果腺，松果腺， substantia nigrasubstantia nigra黑质黑质optic tractoptic tract视束视束 49middle cerebral middle cerebral arteryartery大脑中动脉大脑中动脉choroids plexuschoroids plexus脉络丛脉络丛parieto-occipital parieto-occipital sulcussulcus顶枕沟顶枕沟posterior commisure posterior commisure 后连合后连合Hy

41、pothalamusHypothalamus下丘脑下丘脑anterior cerebral anterior cerebral arteryartery大脑前动脉大脑前动脉ethmoid sinusethmoid sinus筛窦筛窦 50 cribriform platecribriform plate筛板筛板superior temporal superior temporal gyrusgyrus颞上回颞上回middle temporal middle temporal gyrusgyrus颞中回颞中回AtriumAtrium脑室腔脑室腔thalamus thalamus 背侧丘脑背侧丘脑

42、3th ventricle 3th ventricle 第第3 3脑室脑室ethmoid sinusethmoid sinus筛窦筛窦 51 straight gyrus straight gyrus 直回直回orbital gyrusorbital gyrus眶回眶回Sylvian fissureSylvian fissure外侧裂外侧裂superior temporal gyrussuperior temporal gyrus颞上回颞上回middle temporal gyrusmiddle temporal gyrus颞中回颞中回parieto-occipital parieto-occ

43、ipital sulcussulcus顶枕沟顶枕沟cingulate gyruscingulate gyrus扣带回扣带回corpus callosumcorpus callosum胼胝体胼胝体internal cerebral veininternal cerebral vein大脑内静脉大脑内静脉3th ventricle 3th ventricle 第第3 3脑室脑室 massa intermediamassa intermedia中间块中间块anterior commisureanterior commisure前连合前连合anterior cerebral anterior cere

44、bral arteryartery大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 52 nucleus accumbensnucleus accumbens伏隔核伏隔核InsulaInsula岛叶岛叶inferior temporal inferior temporal gyrus gyrus 颞下回颞下回transverse transverse occipital sulcusoccipital sulcus枕横沟枕横沟superior occipital superior occipital gyrus gyrus 上枕回上枕回middle occipital middle occipital gyrus gyr

45、us 中枕回中枕回atrium atrium 脑室腔脑室腔ThalamusThalamus背侧丘脑背侧丘脑globus pallidus globus pallidus 苍白球苍白球putamen putamen 壳核壳核FornixFornix穹窿穹窿orbital gyrusorbital gyrus眶回眶回 53foramen of Monro foramen of Monro 室间孔室间孔middle cerebral middle cerebral artry artry 大脑中动脉大脑中动脉parieto-parieto-occipital sulcusoccipital sulc

46、us顶枕沟顶枕沟choroids plexuschoroids plexus脉络丛脉络丛internal capsuleinternal capsule内囊内囊caudate head caudate head 尾状核头部尾状核头部 54 Sylvian fissureSylvian fissure外侧裂外侧裂thalamo-striate thalamo-striate veinvein丘脑纹状体静脉丘脑纹状体静脉internal cerebral internal cerebral veinvein大脑内静脉大脑内静脉choroidal veinchoroidal vein脉络膜静脉脉络膜

47、静脉middle occipital middle occipital gyrusgyrus中枕回中枕回intra-occipital intra-occipital sulcussulcus枕内沟枕内沟superior temporal superior temporal gyrus gyrus 颞上回颞上回inferior frontal inferior frontal gyrusgyrus额下回额下回anterior cerebral anterior cerebral artery artery 大脑前动脉大脑前动脉 55superior frontal superior frontal gyrus gyrus 额上回额上回caudate head caudate head 尾状核头部尾状核头部central sulcuscentral sulcus中央沟中央沟superior sagittal superior sagittal sinussinus上矢状窦上矢状窦falx cerebrifalx cerebri大脑镰大脑镰corpus callosumcorpus callosum胼胝体胼胝