新世纪博士生综合英语课后Translation Sectio

1、新世纪博士综合英语 Translation Section (unit1, 2, 4, 5, 6一. Translate the following passages into Chinese1. “ Equality between women and men is no longer a negotiable issue.” . . . “ As long as women remain unequal they can t have access to resources, they can never participate in political decision-making,

2、they can t make their own choices in life. That is the bottom line.” Mrs Mongella says women round the world are all concerned about equality. In developing countries in states emerging as industrial powers, in the countries of the West women are looking for action, action she sometimes calls a revo

3、lution.“男女平等已不是什么可以商讨的问题” “只要妇女仍处于不平等的地位,她们就得不到各种资 源,永远无法参加政治决策,甚至在生活中都不能做出自己的选择。这就是基本点。 ” 蒙格拉夫 人说全世界的妇女都关心平等问题。 无论是发展中国家、 正在成为工业国的国家, 还是西方国家, 妇女都期望采取行动,她有时称之为革命的行动。2. A 1993 National survey of 50, 000 junior and senior high school students revealed a marked increase in marijuana use among high scho

4、ol students. One of the researchers noted, “We have the unenviable role of informing the country that drug use is making a comeback, that the epidemic could be re-emerging”. This increase in the use of marijuana on the part of teenagers is significant because for some of these young people, “pot” wi

5、ll become a “gateway” drug-that is, a relatively mild or “soft” mind-altering sub substance that lead to the ingestion of more powerful drugs. Substance abuse expert Herbert Kleber notes, “If you used marijuana less than 10 times the likelihood of using cocaine was practically nil. But if you used m

6、arijuana more than 100 times, or twice a week for a year, the likelihood of using cocaine went up to 70 percent.1993 年国家对五万名初、高中生进行的调查显示中学生中吸食大麻的人数明显上升。一个研究 人员陈述说:“我们肩负这一个不值得羡慕的责任, 要让全国人民了解到吸食毒品现象正在回潮, 这一流行病有可能重新出现” 就青少年这一方面而言, 吸食大麻人数的这种上升是值得注意的。 因为对一些年轻人来说,大麻会成为一种入门毒品,即,这种相当温醇或轻微的改变意识的物质 会导致吸食更具效力

7、的毒品。专门从事毒品滥用研究的专家赫伯特克雷伯说:“如果你吸食大麻 少于 10次,吸食可卡因的可能性实际上为零。但是,如果你吸食大麻超过 100次,或者说一年 里每周两次,那么吸食可卡因的可能性就上升到了 70%。4. Now, in 1995, the time has come to bring the vision of a global Marshall Plan into focus again. Getting on with the industrial revolution is the most urgent challenge civilization now faces.

8、 If foreign aid was being considered an act of common humanity at mid-century, it is now dictated by the exigencies of common survival. The population of the world has more than doubled since 1950-from 2.5 billion to 5.3 billion. The number of people living in direct poverty has increased to1.3 bill

9、ion-close to the total population of the underdeveloped countries in 1950. The population is doubling now again. The number in direct poverty could equal the present world population. A doubling after that would bring the human species close to full occupation of the Earth.到了 1995 年,全球马歇尔计划再次成为焦点。如今

10、文明所面临的最紧迫的挑战是伴随着工业革 命。如果说在上世纪中叶外国援助被看成是普通人的人道精神,而现在则受到普遍的生存需求的支配。自从 1950 年以来,全世界人口增加了一倍多从 25亿增加到了 53亿。直接生活在贫 民区的人口增加到了 13亿接近 1950年时不发达国家的人口总数。现在人口还在翻番。到某 一天直接生活在贫困之中的人口可能等于现在全球的总人口。在这之后,人口如果再翻番的话, 人类就将充斥整个地球。5. American medical television series such as ER regularly show the hi technology used in mo

11、dern US hospitals. A good example is the thin flat screen used on all computers. Know why they have thin flat monitors? Because they re LCD Liquid Crystal Diode which is less bulky and smaller than the standard CRT (Cathode Ray Tube, the kind used in television sets. The LCD screens don t emit any e

12、lectromagnetic radiation, which could interfere with the heart machines and other sophisticated electronic equipment in hospitals and thereby cause a crisis. LCD screens are lighter flatter and throw out less heat than CRTs. They re also at least three times the price-and, as such, out of the league

13、 of home users. This won t be the case forever and technologies such as Fujitsu s super-thin Plasma vision screen (16000 for the 42-inch or 1.07 metre model will get cheaper, too.美国有关医疗的电视连续剧,如急诊室的故事 , 不断地表现出现代美国医院所使用的高技术。 一个很好的例子就是所有的计算机都使用又薄又平的显示器。 知道为什么使用又薄又平的显示器 吗 , 因为它们是液晶显示的,比应用在电视机上的标准阴极射线管显示

14、器更小, 更轻便。液晶显示 器不会释放任何电磁波而电磁波会干扰检查心脏的仪器和医院里其他先进的电子设备, 从而引发 危险。液晶显示器更轻、更平,而且比阴极射线管显示器释放出更少的热量。但是,它们的价格 也会至少高出两倍正因为如此,是家庭使用者所望尘莫及的。情况不会永远这样,想富士通 的超薄型显示器(42英寸或 1.07米型号的价格是 16000美元也会降价的。6. It is highly unlikely that the death penalty will ever operate so effectively as to save many more lives than other

15、less severe punishments. Yet given its defects it would have to save many more lives in order to be a genuine candidate for moral legitimacy. If it had this positive effect we would be faced with an anguished choice just as we would be faced with an anguished choice if we found that executing innoce

16、nt people saved many lives. Fortunately all of this is merely hypothetical. We have no reason to believe that the death penalty does save more lives than other punishments and so we need not actually confront this choice.同其他不如死刑严厉的惩罚相比,死刑判决根本不可能会发挥有效的作用来挽救更多的生命。然 而,考虑到它的缺点,它会不得不去挽救更多的生命,以使其成为道义上合法的、

17、真正的选择。 如果它有积极的效果,我们就会面临一个痛苦的选择,正如我们如果发现处决无辜的人会挽救许 多生命所面临的痛苦选择一样。幸好所有这些都仅仅是假设的,我们没有理由相信死刑判决会比 其他惩罚挽救更多的生命。所有,我们实际上无需面对这一选择。二. Translate the following into English1. 一些妇女认为牺牲一个女婴可以确保下次怀孕生个儿子。 (guarantee Some women believe that sacrificing a female infant guarantees a son in the next pregnancy.2. 对于许多母

18、亲来说, 亲自宣判女儿的死刑, 胜过判定女儿一辈子遭受歧视忍受贫困。 (condemn toFor many mothers, sentencing a daughter to death is better than condemning her to life with cradle-to-grave discrimination and poverty.3. 城市妇女可以根据胎儿性别选择堕胎,因为他们更容易有机会享用现代医学技术(access toIn urban areas, easier access to modern medical technology enables wome

19、n to undergo sex-selective abortions.4. 在印度, 一个年轻女子只是被看成是她出生家庭的临时成员, 而且是对这个家庭的财力 的一个极 大的消耗。 (a drain onIn India, a young woman is regarded as a temporary member of her natural family and a drain on its wealth.5. 烧柴做饭的妇女一天吸入的致癌物相当于每天抽 20 包香烟。 (inhale, equivalentThose women who use wood fuels in cooki

20、ng inhale carcinogenic pollutants that are the equivalent of smoking 20 packs of cigarettes a day.6. 妇女的健康需求过去常常被忽视, 或者被认为和男人的需求相同。 去年开罗的大会上一 直认为不 安全的流产,应该是整个医疗保健中要注意的一个方面。多次会议都承认,必须理解妇女有特殊 的健康需求,妇女应该充分获得足够的医疗卫生服务。Women s health needs have, in the past, often been over looked, or assumed to be the s

21、ame as men s. At the Cairo conference last year, it was agreed that the consequence of unsafe abortions are part of overall health care. The conference recognized that women have specific health needs which must be understood, and that women must have full access to adequate health-care services.7.

22、如果你到医院去,你会见到病人在做手术前吸止痛药。If you go to hospital, you will find patients usually snort pain-killing medicine before an operation. 8. 那个参议员在她的政党里是一股很强的势力,所以她很有可能赢得今年的那个席位。Since the senator is a potent force in her political party, she is most surely to win the place this year. 9. 自从他得知了事实真相以来,他就一直在寻找机会为

23、被谋杀的兄弟报仇。He has been seeking vengeance for the murder of his brother since he was told of the fact.10. 在较长的节假日周末,死亡人数因为车祸会上升。On long holiday weekends there is always a rise in the number of fatalities due to auto accidents.11. 你在中学度过的那段时间是你受教育的一个重要时期。The time you spend in high school is an important

24、 phase of your education.12. 然而,我应该指出的是在医学和科学研究领域里,实际上在进行认真的,并且是有价值 的与毒品 有关的工作。 但是,在对毒品政策进行大规模的讨论中,学术界和知识界总的来说 没有提出什么 好的办法,提出的办法也很少真正有用。I should point out however that in the fields of medical and scientific research, there is indeed seriousand valuable drug-related work going on. But in the great p

25、ublic policy debate over drugs, the academic and intellectual communities have by and large had little to contribute, and little of that has been genuinely useful.13. 尽管 Davos 文化在全球事务中有着极其重要的影响,但它远不能作为全球统一文明的象征(far from While the Davos culture is playing a tremendously important role in global affai

26、rs, it is far from a symbol of a universal civilization.14. 只有无知傲慢才会使西方认为,西方产品的全球化将带来全球的西化。 (arrogance Only naive arrogance can lead Westerners to assume that the whole world will become “ Westernized ” by the globalization of Western goods.15. 非西方国家经济的迅速发展导致了能适合满足不同社会品味的地区性、区域性传播业的 发展。The rapid eco

27、nomic development in non-Western countries is leading to the emergence of local and regional media industries which cater to various social tastes.16. 英语已成为不同民族交往时使用的混合语(lingua franca 这一现象正好说明了世界上 存在着不 同文化这一事实。 (presuppose The English language has become the world s lingua franca which presupposes t

28、he existence of separate cultures.17. 认为某种全球统一文明正在出现的论点仅仅基于人们的一些设想(rest on, assumption The argument that some sort of universal civilization is emerging rests on some assumption.18. 随着国家之间联系的日益紧密,经济上的相互依存和优势互补也越发明显。任何国家都不能置身 于国际社会之外,不能脱离世界大市场。经济生活的国际化,要求各国在经济、科技、金融、贸 易等领域开展广泛的交流与合作。As countries beco

29、me increasingly closer in their relations, their economic interdependence and mutual support of relative advantages have grown all the more obvious. No country can afford to stand aloof from the international community and isolate itself from the global market. The internationalization of economic l

30、ife requires that all countries conduct extensive exchange and co-operative in economies, technology, finance, trade and other fields.19. 计算机犯罪从心怀不满的职员对其先前供职的公司搞破坏,到某公司非法进入其竞争对手的电脑 里窃取商业机密。 (disgruntled Computer crimes range from a disgruntled employee who sabotages his former company to a company t

31、hat hacks into a competitor s computer to steal trade secrets.20. 商家将会抛弃个人计算机,而转而使用更为方便的网络计算机,到处由计算机相连的办公室和可 携式计算机(ubiquitous Business will dump the PC and embrace easier-to-use net work computers, ubiquitous computing offices and portable computers.21. 这种对个人监控已经开始出现在计算机世界里了(surveillance cyberspaceT

32、his kind of personal surveillance has begun in cyberspace.22. 电子“货币”留下显示犯罪的事实痕迹,结果导致更多的逮捕的定罪。这些告发反过来又会制止更多的犯罪。 (incriminating trailsElectronic “ money ” would leave incriminating trails of data resulting in more arrests and convictions. These prosecutions in turn would inhibit further crimes.23. 这将使

33、许多计算机程序出现混乱。如果不加以修复,许多公用设施、装配线、银行自动取款机、 交通信号灯和电梯等都可能自动关闭。 (public utilitiesThis will turn many computer programs to mush. If they were left unchecked, many public utilities, assembly lines, bank teller machines, traffic lights and lifts may shut down.24. 最近的一项调查表明,在 17,251 名因特网用户中,有近 6的用户程度不同的痴迷于上网。

34、这些 网迷承认,他们上网成瘾导致了婚姻破裂,使孩子误入歧途、滋生犯罪而且经济上入不敷出。敲 击键盘进入网迷站点, 你会发现这样一些信息:“嗨, 我叫鲍勃, 一个网虫” (addiction delinquency tap A recent survey of 17,251 Internet users found that nearly 6 percent had some sort of addiction to the medium. They revealed that their online habit contributed to disrupted marriages, child hood delinquency crime and overspe