增强农村地区减缓和适应气候变化的能力

1、增强农村地区减缓和适应气候变化的能力To Improve the Ability of Aviating and Adapting to the Climate Changes in Rural Areas 通过植树，减少耕作，增加土壤覆盖，改善草原管理，改变饲料和动物品种以及更有效地使用肥料等措施，发挥农民和牧民在减少全球温室气体排放总量方面的重要作用。通过使土壤保持较高水平的碳，即“土壤固碳”过程，促进空气中的二氧化碳含量减少，提高土壤的恢复能力并提高作物产量。To develop the important role of farmers and pastoralists in redu

2、cing global greenhouse gas emissions, through effective measures such as: planting trees, reducing tillage, increasing the coverage of soil, improving grassland management and changing the use of fertilizers and animal species. To reduce the level of carbon dioxide in the air, improve the recovery a

3、bility of the soil and increase crop yields through the process of “carbon sequestration in soil”- keeping a higher level of carbon in the soil.收集、分析并系统利用历史上灾害预警、减缓和应对措施的经验和教训，改善地方救灾的规划工作。对气候变化引起灾害的规模、速度和范围进行评估，强化社区防灾和备灾培训，例如，加强农民田间学校等农村组织，开发预警和监测区域气候变化和灾害发生的技术和系统，以帮助当地农民和主管部门了解气候变化对区域和社区的影响。We shou

4、ld collect, analyze and utilize systematically the experiences of disaster warning in history and the aviation and corresponding measures to improve the planning of the local disaster relief. And evaluate the scale, speed and scope of disaster caused by climate changes and strengthening community-ba

5、sed disaster prevention and preparation training, for example, improving the rural organizations, such as farmer field schools, developing the technologies and systems for early warning and monitoring of regional climate changes and disasters so as to help local farmers and departments in charge to

6、understand the impact of climate changes on communities.确定粮食和农业生物多样性并评估其对气候变化的脆弱性，制定将生物多样性分布图与不同的气候变化模式相匹配的国家制定保护战略，在国家和国际基因库中保存的生物多样性信息。制定应对气候变化战略，帮助农民利用生物多样性应对气候变化方面，给农民、牧民和渔民及其地方机构提供气候变化的信息以及当地现有生物多样性的适应方法。Determining biodiversity of agricultural crops and assessing their vulnerability to climate

7、 change, establishing the national conservation strategies which can match distribution maps of biological diversity with different models of climate changes, keeping information of the biological diversity in the national and international gene banks. Developing strategies for addressing climate ch

8、anges to help farmers use biological diversity to cope with climate changes and provide information on climate changes and existing adapting methods of biological diversity for farmers, pastoralists and fishermen and their local institutions.多种渠道增加农村地区减缓和适应气候变化的资金投入To Increase the Funds for Aviating

9、 and Adapting to the Climate Changes in Rural Areas Through Multiple Channels.积极争取资金投入，加大对农业和农村节能减排重点项目、重大工程、技术推广的支持力度。建议建立农村土地流转碳流失基金，扩大农村自愿减排市场，扶持农村金融机构改革，保持农村经济发展的活力。We actively strive for inputting funds to further support the key energy-saving and emission reduction projects, major projects and

10、 technology promotion. And establish the funds for land circulation and carbon loss, expand the voluntary emission reduction market in rural areas, support the reform of rural financial institutions and maintain the vitality of rural economic development. 建立中国农村土地流转碳流失基金，建立有利于农村地区减缓和适应气候变化的农村土地使用权流转

11、，探寻如何通过在2012年以后的气候减缓和适应机制的范围内，增加一系列基于土地的活动，尤其是减少森林砍伐和退化、农业土地恢复与土壤碳隔离、农林兼作和水土保持措施，增加农民财产损失资金补偿。To establish of the funds for rural land circulation of carbon loss and the rural land use right transfer which is helpful with aviating and adapting to the climate changes in China rural areas. To explore

12、how to increase the number of land-based activities, in particular, the activities of reducing deforestation and degradation, restoration of agricultural land and soil carbon sequestration, agroforestry and soil conservation so as to increase the financial compensation for property losses of farmers

13、. 会同有关部门研究制定农业和农村节能减排的相关政策，建立完善农业生态补偿机制，发挥企业和农民的主体作用。在使用各自的技术专门知识和金融专门知识时，支持各地区参与为气候变化减缓和适应筹集资金的各种机制，包括联合国气候变化框架公约的机制、各种由公共和私人伙伴建立的自愿碳市场，并从中受益。制定农业和土地利用、土地使用变化与林业领域的项目，制定和试验创新政策和机构性的解决办法，以确保农民介入气候变化减缓措施和碳市场，并从中受益。To Study and formulate policies of energy-saving and emission reduction in agriculture

14、with the relevant departments and establish a perfect ecological compensation mechanism, so as to develop the subjective role of enterprises and farmers. Using the technical and financial expertise to support all kinds of funding mechanisms for aviating and adapting to the climate changes and gain b

15、enefits. These mechanisms include the mechanism of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and all kinds of a variety of voluntary carbon markets established by public and private partners. Formulating the projects in agriculture and land use, land-use change and forestry, developi

16、ng and testing innovative policies and institutional solutions to ensure that the farmers can engage in measures of climate change mitigation and carbon markets and benefit from it.不断完善农村金融服务体系，建立多种所有制的农村金融机构；进一步完善农村金融信贷政策，加大贷款抵押创新力度，充分发掘农村信用资源；整合农村组织资源，积极推进农村基层金融改革。通过将原来处于分散状态的各种涉农资源，即农村信用社、供销社和农民专

17、业合作社组织在一起，创建“三位一体”的综合性的农村合作协会，以金融为核心，以信用为脉络，支持和引导农民发展合作组织，并在合作社与合作协会平台上开展农村信用评级和信用联保，从而与现有银行体系实现对接和互补，将社会资本有效转化为经济资本，探索一条金融支持新农村能源建设的可行路径。Constantly improving the system of rural financial service, and establishing various rural financial institutions; further improving the rural financial and credi

18、t policy, strengthening the innovative dynamics of loans and fully exploiting the resources of rural credit; integrating organizational resources in rural areas and actively push forward the rural grass-roots financial reforms. To create a comprehensive rural cooperative association through integrat

19、ing the scattered rural financial resources- rural credit cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives and professional cooperatives of farmers, supporting and guiding the development of cooperative organizations of farmers and developing the rural credit rating and credit joint grantee on the pl

20、atform of cooperatives and cooperative associations to link and complement with the existing banking systems and effectively transform social capital into economic capital, then explore a new feasible path of developing the rural energy with financial support.推动节能减排的科技投入和技术开发To Promote Sci-tech Input and Technology Development整合优势科技力量，集中开展农业和农村节能减排的关键和共性技术研发，尽快取得一批新成果、新技术、新工艺和新设备。推进产学研协作，引导乡镇企业、农产品加工企业、农村合作经济组织和各类社会中介参与科技研发和推广项目实施。积极推进国际交流与合作，争取相关国际组织支持，引进发达国家的先进技术和成功经验。Integrating the scientific and technological strength, focusing on the key and common techn