文献译文-新型的基于web的在线考试系统

1、A NOVEL WEB-BASED ONLINE EXAMINATION SYSTEM FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE EDUCATIONYuan Zhenming1, Zhang Liang2, Zhan Guohua3AbstractWeb-based Examination System is an effective solution for mass education evaluation. We have developed a novel online examination system based on a Browser/Server framework whi

2、ch carries out the examination and auto-grading for objective questions and operating questions, such as programming, operating Microsoft Windows, editing Microsoft Word, Excel and PowerPoint, etc. It has been successfully applied to the distance evaluation of basic operating skills of computer scie

3、nce, such as the course of computer skills in Universities and the nationwide examination for the high school graduates in Zhejiang Province, China.1. WEB-BASED ONLINE EXAMINATION SYSTEM1.1The aim of the examination systemAs a universal examination system for the education of basic computer operatio

4、n, it must meet the following requirements:1. A reasonable question storage, which must conform to the general outline of the exam.2. A practical interface. There are two types of exam interfaces. One is the simulation, the other is the actual environment. The second scheme will give the student com

5、puter skills.3. A range of question types, such as objective questions, operating questions, design questions, information retrieval, group testing, etc.4. A safety and reliable examination system.1.2 The components of WOESThe Web based Online Examination System (WOES) is a multi-layer system which

6、is composed of the Web Server, Database Server, and WOES middleware Server, WOES client module and Browser, such as Internet Explorer. In this system, we use the Internet Information Server 4.0(IIS) as the Web Server, the Database Server is Microsoft SQL Server 7.0.The kernel of WOES is the WOES mid

7、dleware Serve and the WOES client module, which is designed according to Microsoft DCOM standards. DCOM is the binary COM objects extension jointing LAN, WAN and Internet, which can instance and bind objects over different network. It is an advanced network protocol used to cooperate with COM based

8、components of two processes in different locations. The WOES middleware Server is a server-side component The WOES middleware Server is a server-side component providing communication interfaces between WOES clients and the Web Server or Database Server. The WOES client is a client-side component, w

9、hich is called by the Browser to control the client computer and submit or receive information from the WOES Server. This technology guarantees the flexibility and the potential for extension of the test system. In addition, it allows access to local files, whereas in conventional systems, the IE se

10、curity prevents such access.1.3 The key technologies of WOES1. A user-friendly interfaceWe use browser as our users interface. The Browser interface has a uniform and consistent user interface. Almost everyone is able to use it skillfully. Therefore it can eliminate the differences of various exam s

11、ystems and guarantee a fair test.2. Simplified system maintenanceSince the system is based on Browser/Server architecture, the teacher can update the system or the question database o examine the students database only in Server. It is not necessary to update the client system as the Client/Server m

12、ust do.3. Central examination managementProfiting from the central controlled system, the teacher can easily control the examination process, such as the beginning and end of the exam, collecting the answers and monitoring the students conditions on the teachers screen.4. SecurityThe most severe dif

13、ficulty which the B/S based system faces is security, because in principle the web-based examination system can be accessed on the Internet or WAN in a city.All the questions, materials and answers are transmitted in bits stream format after encoding, not in file format. It can ensure not only secur

14、ity in the transmission process, but also protect from invasion. When one student starts his test, the system will distribute him a password produced according to his clients hardware and operation system environment. It can prevent cribbers to login from other clients imitating this student.The new

15、est method to prevent the distant student from leaving the client or is making use of face detection and recognition technology. Before the start of the exam, the student is asked to sit in front of the computer camera, which can monitor the whole scene. Then the system will automatically recognize

16、the students face and his identification. As soon as the validation is performed, the student must stay in front of the camera until the exam is finished.2. AUTO-GRADING SYSTEMThe auto-grading system can automatically grade the answers, which are collected from the examination system. It helps teach

17、ers to achieve the score with ease.There are two types of the grading: objective questions and operating questions. Objective questions, such as choice questions, yes/no questions, and fill-in questions, can be graded effectively by accurate matching or fuzzy matching. But it is difficult to grade o

18、perating questions by simple matching technologies. A possible solution could be: Reading the answer file directly and comparing it to the key file. But this is not practical because the format of Microsoft Office files is complicated. Another solution is: (2) grading by using the Office OLE object.

19、 This method is convenient and efficient, but it has a big disadvantage: the source code of the grading system is closely related to the concrete question, which results in a large amount of work when the questions are changed.We propose a universalized grading system, which is carried out on the ba

20、sis of a database of key knowledge.First, we extract all possible knowledge points and store them in a triple form: (key, value, location). Then we produce the question file by labeling the question point directly on it; the system will add the corresponding question key to the standard key library.

21、 So, the last process of auto-grading system is to compare the answer file with the standard key library. The auto-grading system also allows the teacher to add his /her own questions to our examination system.3. CONCLUSIONWe have developed an overall solution to the examination system for practical

22、 computer skills. It provides a user- friendly platform of various questions for the basic computer education in Universities. Hundreds of thousands of students and teachers have used this system and agree that it has effectively raised the learning and testing efficiency.一种新型的基于web的在线考试系统Yuan Zhenm

23、ing1, Zhang Liang2, Zhan Guohua3摘要基于web的在线考试系统是大众教育评估的一种有效解决方法。我们已经基于浏览器/服务器架构开发了一种在线考试系统，该系统已经实现了生成试题以及自动阅卷，比如编写程序，操作windows系统，使用微软公司的word、excel、PPT等等。它已经被成功应用到计算机科学课程的基本操作考试当中，比如高校的或者全国范围内的计算机技术课程， 并且也在中国浙江省的高中毕业生考试中实施。 1. 基于web的在线考试系统1.1 考试的目的对于基本的电脑操作教育的通用考试系统，它一定符合下列的需求：(1)一个合理的题库。一定遵照考试的一般大纲。(

24、2)一个实用的界面。考试有两种类型。一种是模拟考试，另一个是真考。第二个方案将会带给学生计算机技能。(3)丰富的题目类型，比如客观题、计算题、程序设计题、简答题等等。(4)安全和可靠的考试系统。1.2 在线考试系统的组成基于Web的在线考试系统是一个多层次的系统组成的Web服务器，包括数据库服务器，在线考试系统的中间件服务器，在线考试系统的客户端模块和浏览器模块，如Internet Explorer。在这个系统中，我们使用Internet Information Server 4.0（IIS）的作为Web服务器，数据库服务器是Microsoft SQL Server 7.0。在线考试系统的核心

25、是中间件服务器和考试系统的客户端模块，这样的设计是据微软的DCOM标准。 DCOM是二进制COM对象的延伸拔节局域网，广域网和互联网，例如物体在不同的网络它可以约束。它是一种先进的网络协议用来配合基于COM的组成部分，这两个进程在不同的地点。该考试系统中间件服务器是一个服务器端组件提供通信接口之间的考试系统客户端和Web服务器或数据库服务器。在考试系统的客户端是一个客户端组件，这就是所谓的用浏览器来控制客户端计算机，并提交或接收来自考试系统服务器的信息。这一技术保证了灵活性和延伸测试系统的潜力。此外，它允许访问本地文件，而在传统系统中，IE安全阻止这种访问。1.3 在线考试系统的主要技术1、友好的界面我们用浏览器作为我们的用户界面。浏览器界面有一个统一的和一致的用户界面。几乎每个人都能够熟练地使用它。因此，它可以消除各种考试系统的差异，保证考试公平。2、单一化系统维护因为系统以浏览器/服务器为基础。老师能更新系统或者问题数据库。只用在服务器中检查学生的数据。而客户/服务器的客户系统是不必需更新的。3、中央考试管理中央管理系统有益于老师能容易地控制像开始和结束考试的这样的考试程序。在老师的荧屏上收集答案和监控学生考试情况。4、安全