第九章动词的时态

1、第九章动词的时态考点串讲】条理清晰轻松把握一、一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态，或说明主语的特征。 一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often, usually, always, sometimes , seldom, every day（week, year, night）, twice a mon th 表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。3. Our teacher said lightfaster than sou nd. （2007 年宿迁）A. travelled B. has travelledC. is travelli ng

2、D. travels 表示十分确定会发生（如安排好的事情）或按照时间表进行的事情，用一般现 在可以表达将来，句子中可以有将来时间。e.g. The train comes at 3 o'clock.Tomorrow is Sun day.某些动词女口 come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start等， 在一般现在时句中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。 在时间状语从句中（以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导）和条 件状语从句中（以if, unle

3、ss引导）,用一般现在时代替一般将来时。ril help you as soon as you have problem.只要你有困难我就会帮助你。Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.如果你碰见小李，告诉他这件事情e.g. 1）.Mum,shall we have lun ch?We will have it when your dad.（ 2007 年连云港）A. when; returns B. where; returns C. where; will return D. when; will return2）I will say "I

4、love you, Daddy" as soon as heup. （ 2007 年南通）A. will wake B. is waki ng C. wakes D. woke备注：在一般现在时句中，如果主语是第三人称时，动词要进行变化，变化规则如下：1）一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s.例如：works gets says reads2）以ch,sh,s,x或o结尾的动词，在后面加-eso例如：goes teaches washes3）以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加-es.例如：studies tries carries动词have遇有主语是第三人称单数时，have改为h

5、a& 例如：He has an interesting book.Our classroom has two doors.动词 be 遇有主语是第一人称单数时， be 改为 am 遇有主语是第二人称 时， be 改为 are, 遇有主语是第三人称单数时， be 改为 is.I'm a student and he is a student, too.We are all students.经典考点回放（1）If I find his phone number, I _ you.（2009 北京） A. tell B. told C. will tell D. have told

6、（2）- Do you often plant trees in spring?-Yes. Many trees in our school every year.（2009长沙）A. plant B. have planted C. are planting D. are planted（3）- Sam, do you know if Alice _ to my party next week?-I thi nk she will come if shefree.（2009 福州）A. comes; is B. comes; will beC. will come; is D. will c

7、ome; will be（4） We'll go for a picnic if it tomorrow.（2009 长春）A. won'trainB. doesn'train C. rained D. rains The newsvery in teresti ng ! Tell me more!（2009湖 北）A. is B. areC. wasD. were（6） Mr. Green won 'leave here until his wifeback tomorrow.（2009吉林）A. come B. cameC. will comeD. come

8、s（ 7） -Can I help you ?-I bought this watch here yesterday, but itwork.（2009江 西）A. won'tB. didn'tC. doesn'tD. wouldn't（8）After the meeting, we will have a party. If you _ free , come and join us.（2009 贵阳）A. are B. will beC. wereD. was（9）We will go camping if it this Sunday. （2009福建）A

9、. won'trainB. isn'trainingC. doesn'trainD. wouldn'train（ 10） - What does your sister like doing in her spare time?-Shewatchi ng TV（2009 武汉）A. likes B. likedC. has likedD. had liked（11）- Do you have any problems if you this job?- Well, I 'm thinking about the working day. （2009南京）

10、A. offer B. will offerC. are offered D. will be offered（12）I used to love this film when I was young, but I _ it that way any more. （2009 南京 ）A. don'tfeelB. didn'tfeelC. haven'tfeltD. hadn'tfelt（13）I will call you as soon as I _ the ticket t the football match.（2009陕西）A. get B. will

11、get C. got D. am getting （15） -The government here is better than before. - I agree. There _ less pollution now. （2009南宁 ） A. areB. is C. was D. were16）- Dad, can we bring the dog with us to the theatre? -Sorry. Pets _ to enter. （2009南宁 ）A. are askedB. aren't askedC. are allowed D. aren't al

12、lowed（17） A large number of engineers to Africa by our government to help thepeople there every year. （2009山西 ）A. have sent B. will sent C. are sent D. were sent （ 18） - It 's raining , Daisy. Please an umbrella with you.- Thanks. I'll return it to you when I _ next week.（2009 广东 ） A. take;

13、come B. take; will comeC. bring; comeD. bring; will come（19） If you him, he will help you. （2009 海南 ）A. askedB. ask C. will ask D. are asked二、一般过去时表示过去 某时发生的动作或状态 ,这种动作或状态可能是一次性 ,也可能经常发 生。用法: (1) 过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态(2) 不具体的过去时间内 ,经常性或习惯性的动作(3) 上下文Mr. Johnson, we have found your watch.My watch！ Thank

14、you. Where it?(2006 年绍兴)A. do you find B. have you found C. did you find D. were you findingI'm sorry you have missed the bus. It five minutes ago.What a pity! (2006 年徐州)A. was leaving B. has left C. left D. leaves备注：一般过去式构成 ： 表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示， 而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。 动词的过去式可分为规则动词和 不规则动词。

15、规则动词的过去式变化如下：一般情况下，动词词尾 加 -ed 。worked played wanted acted以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d。lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i再加-ed。studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed。stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planne

16、d dotted dripped 不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。go - went make - made get - gotbuy - bought come - came fly-flew真题：(1)Theyher to the party, so she was very happy.(2009匕京)A. am inviting B. invited C. invite D. will invit(2) The silk boyto the hospital by the police yesterday.(200g匕京)A. is taken B. was taken

17、C. takes D. took(3) It's common knowledge that black tea in China more than 600 yearsago.(2009沈阳)A. is invented B. invents C. was invented D. invented( 4) -Jimmy lost his key yesterday.-, it'his third time in just o ne mo nth.(2009杭州)A. Has he B. Did he C. Was he D. Does he(5) Nicka job in a

18、 bank, but to our surprise , he did'take it.(2009 杭州)A. is offered B. offered C. was offered D. has offered(6) Many housesin the big fire a few days ago. What a shame!(200上海)A. were damaged B. damage C. were damaging D. damaged(7) The new library buildinglast week.(2009广东)A. was completedB. is c

19、ompletedC. completedD. has completed(8) Ithe wrong thing. Can I use your eraser?湖 北)A. write B. wrote C. are writing D. will write(9) Many beautiful buildings in our city last year. (2009吉林)A. are built B. is built C. were built D. were built六、 一般将来时 表示将来 某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。 用 will 构成的将来时 ,有时表示一种客观趋势 T

20、he workers will build a school here next year. am/is/are going to+动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情，或者主观判断即 将要发生的事情 ,I am going to Beijing next week.而“ am/is/are to+动词原形”表示安排或计划中的动作。表示一个人临时决定 要做某事 ,可以用 will 表达。We are to meet the guests at the station.They are about to leave.e.g.1） "Ann is in hospital."&qu

21、ot;Yes, I know. I her tomorrow." （2007 年盐城）A. visitB. used to visit C. will visitD. am going to visit2）. Mr. Smitha talk on country music next Monday. （2007 年北京）A. giveB. gave C. has givenD. will give3）. You've left the light on Oh, sorryand turn it off （2006 年泰州）A. I've gone B. I'1

22、1 goC. I wentD. I'm going4）. -Joan, you are late! -Sorry, I next time. （2006年浙江 ）A. don't B. won't C. am not D. haven't四、现在进行时现在进行时表示现在 正在进行 的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行 的动作。现在进行时由“助动词 be (am is are ) +现在分词”构成。e.g. What are you doing now?I am looking for my key.The workers are building a big

23、 library.用法 1) 现在正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”句子常有 look, listen, can you see, ca'you see等提示词Eg. They are talking now.2) 当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。Eg. They are walking these days.3) 动词 come, go, begin, start, move, win 等用现在进行时表达将要发生的事情。 Eg. I am coming4) 上下文备注： 现在分词的构成方法如下 ： 一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加 -ing.going asking

24、finding working being seeing printing raining standing studying speaking spelling以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词，去 -e ，再加 -ing taking firing encircling writing becoming breathing leaving 闭音节的单音节词， 或以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词， 这些词的末尾只有一 个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加 -ing.sitting running getting cutting stopping beginning planning per

25、mitting真题回放1）. Where's your mother, Helen?She the flowers in the garden.（2007 年镇江）A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered2）. Hurry up! It's time to leave. -OK, .（2006 年孝感）A. I'm coming B. I'll come C. I've come D. I come3）. Shall we invite Tom to play football now?Oh,

26、no. He his clothes（. 2006 年泸州）A. is washing B. washes C. has washed D. washed3）Mr. Green to the manager now, yo'ud better call him later（2009 北京）A. talk B. talked C. is talking D. was talking（4）-Shush, be quiet! The babyin the next room.（200广东）A. sleep B. slept C. is sleeping D. slept（ 5） - Alic

27、e, turn down the TV, please. I on the phone. （2009安徽）A. have talked B. talked C. am talking D. talk（ 6） The zoo keeper is worried becausethe number of visitors smaller andsmaller.（2009河南）A. become B. became C. is becoming D. have become五、过去进行时 过去进行时表示 过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行 的动作。过去进行时由“ was或were+现在分词”构成。用法:

28、（1） 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作（2） when 或 while 引导的时间状语从句中过去进行时的运用3）常和表示过去的时间状语： then, at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday4）常和 always 等连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作5）上下文1）.I came to your home yesterday afternoon, but nobody was in.Oh, we s o m e shopping in the supermarke（t.2007 年南通）A. have done B.

29、 didC. were doing D. are doing2）.What do you think of the colour of my new dress?Sorry, but what did you say? I about something else（. 2007 年扬州）A. thinkB. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking京）A. did; have watched B. was doing; were watchingC. had done; were watching D. would do; were watching4）He

30、 was still working on his project while other people _ a rest. （2009上海 ）A. were having B. are havingC. will have D. have5） When I got there, hethem to dance.（200宁夏）A. was teachingB. is teachingC. teachesD. taught6）-Did you watch the movie Nanjing! Nanjing! in the school hall last night?-Yes, though

31、ithard all the time.（2009盐城）A. is raining B. was raining C. has rained D. had rained7）-Did you watch the football match yesterday?-Yes, I did. You know, my brotherin the match.（2009苏州）A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. will play8）-Has your father finished his report?-Sorry, I don 'k n

32、ow. Heit this morni ng.（2009扬州）A. wrote B. was writing C. has written D. had written9）When my father got home, I _ an e-mail to my friend. （2009）A. am sending B. sent C. was sending D. send10）Many beautiful buildings in our city last year. （2009吉林）A. are built B. is built C. were built D. were built

33、六、现在完成时现在完成时表示一个发生在 过去的、对现在仍有影响 的动作 ,或表示开始在 过去, 并且一直延续到现在 ,甚至还可能延续下去的动作 。 在完成时由“助动词have （has）砌词的过去分词”构成。 表示发生在过去的对现在仍有影响的动作时,时间状语有： already, yet, just,once, already, ever 表示在过去开始一直延续到现在 （可能延续下去 ）的动作或状态时 ,时间状语 有：for （two years）,since 1990, since （two weeks ago和 since 引导的状语从句。 have been to与 have gone

34、to 的区别：have gone to（ “已经去了” ）表示人不 在这里,have been to（“去过”）表示人在这里。have been to与 have gone to后都不 可以跟一段时间，若有一段时间用 have been in+ -Where is Mr Li? - He has gone to the UK.李先生在哪里？他去了英国。玄乌-_Do you know something about Beijing? Yes,l have been to Beijing three times.你知道北京的情况吗？是的，我去过那里三次。Eg. Sheas an an imal t

35、rai ner si nee 2003.（200北京）A. has worked B. works C. will work D. worked（2）Iyou already that washing hands often will help prevent the A-H1N1.（2009上海）A. tellB. told C. have told D. are telli ng Miss Gao isn'here. Sheto the bus station to meet Mr. Brown.（200重庆）A. go B. would go C. has goneD. has

36、bee n（4） many students in China everto a westerner before?（20沈阳）A. Are; speak ing B. Do; speakC. Did speakD. Have; spoke n（5）Jack, I have n'tsee n you for a long time.-HeShan ghai on bus in ess for two mon ths.（200福州）A. went toB. has gone toC. has bee n toD. has bee n in（6）-Have youread the poem

37、lf- Yes, I really enjoy it. （2009 山东）A. stillB. everC. yetD. n ever（7）-What a beautiful watch！ Is it new?-No, I haveit for 2 years. （2009 山东）A. had B. soldC. borrowed D. bought（8）Hele n loves to talk about travel. Shemany places.（2009河北）A. has gone forB. has gone toC. has bee n toD. has bee n from（9

38、）Prison break is the best American TV play that Ithese years.（200安徽）A. watchB. will watchC. have watched D. was watchi ng（10）-Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight?-Tha nk you, but Iit already. （2009宁夏）A. saw B. seeC. have see n D. will see（11）-It 'said that all the tickets of th

39、e concert were sold out.-D on 'worry! Itickets on the In ternet.（2009 青海）A. have bought B. will buy C. may buy D. buy（12）-youthe film City of Life and Death（Nanjing! Nanjing!）?-No, not yet. A painful memory. I will see it this weekend. （2009云南）A. Will; see B. Are; see ingC. Have; see n D. Do; se

40、e（13）-I'm sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I here for only a few minutes. （2009宁夏）A. was B. have bee nC. will be D. am（14）-We are leaving now, Tina.-Wait a mi nute. Ithi ngs ready. （2009湖 南）A. have n'gotB. did n 'getC. don 'tgetD. am gett ing（15）- Is this the place that you

41、?-No. I' ve never been there before. （200成都）A. are visit ingB. have visited C. will visit D. visited（16）-youyour draw ing?-Not yet! It will be done in a few minutes. （2009 陕西） A. Did; fin ish B. Have; fini shedC. Will; fin ishD. Do; fin ish（17）- Hello, Mike. Long time no see, where were you?-Oh,

42、 n ot o nly my father but also IWuhan for a mon th.（2009湖 北）A. have bee n inB. have gone toC. have bee n toD. has bee n in（18）- Good eve ning. Ito see Miss Mary.-Oh, good evening. I'm sorry, but she is not in. （2009 兰州）A. came B. have come C. come D. had come（19）- How long have you?-Sinee 1990.（

43、2009呼和浩特）A. bought the Mp3B. joi ned the armyC. become the midfield player D. lived in the tow n（20）-all the students known that our class will visit the museum thisweekend?-Yes, every studentabout it. （2009乎和浩特）A. Has; tellsB. Has; toldC. Have; was toldD. Have; were told真题再现】探索规律找寻突破44. Will you co

44、me to the dinner party.（ 04 安徽）I won' t come uni ess JennyA. will be in vitedB. can be in vitedC. i nvitedD. is in vited35. Is that Chris speak ing?（ 06 安徽）Sorry, he isn t in. Heabroad on bus in ess.A. goes B. went C. has gone D. will go34. I called yo u at half past nine this morning, but there

45、 was no answer. （07 安 徽）-Oh, sorry, Iwith my cous in in the supermarket.A. shop B. was shopp ing C. shoppedD. will shop41. - I called you just now, but nobody answered. Where（ 08 安徽）-I was out with my mother.A. were youB. are youC. have you goneD. have youbee n49. When you leave the room, make sure

46、the door08 安徽）A. was lockedB. is locked C. will be lockedD. should belocked40. Prison Break is the best American TV play that Ithese day（.O9 安徽）A. watchB. will watchC. have watchedD. waswatch ing46. -It ' s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school09 安徽）-I thi nk a bridgeo

47、ver the river.A. was built B. is being built C. has bee n builtD. should bebuilt47. -Alice, turn down the TV, please. Ion the phone.-Oh, sorry. （09 安徽）A. have talkedB. talkedC. am talki ng D. talk47. -Vhy did n 'you go to the cin ema with us this after noon?（ 10 安徽）-Iat the stati on for my uncle

48、 from Beiji ng.A. was wait ingB. have waitedC. am wait ingD. willwait典例精析】瞄准目标 蓄势待发1、误 How long can I borrow this book?How long can I keep this book?"借"在英文中有三个词： borrow borrow sth. From sb. 终止性动词 lend lend sth. To sb.终止性动词 keep 保存，借”持续性动词2、误 The teacher said the earth moved around the sun.

49、il - The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.3、误 What did you do at eight last night?il - What were you doing at eight last night?4、误 When have you done this work?il - When did you do this work?优化演练】体味经典把握成功1、My aunt isn 'there. SheShan ghai on bus in ess. She will be back in three days.A. wentB. has gone toC. has bee n toD. will goto2、 you everChin ese moon cakes, Diana?No, n ever. But I have