短文改错中的非谓语动词

1、短文改错中的非谓语动词一、简述：短文改错在高考题中共有10个小题（计15分），它主要检测考生能否准确、熟练 地综合运用语言，一般给出一篇难度适中的记叙文或说明文，有10行，要求考生判断各行是否有错，再进行改错。高考题中的短文改错题型设计对学生的语言 感觉和语言能力要求很高，其实改错的地方往往比较简单，它们一般遵循“一、 三、六”的改错原则，即“一个正确，三个多词或少词，六个错词”。做此类题 型并不难，只要我们弄清短文改错的规律，洞察出错误的地方，是能够取得好成 绩的。常考的短文改错的错误主要是以下几个方面：一是语法方面，主要测试动词时态和语态，非谓语动词和短语动词；名词、代词的各种形式，形容词

2、和副词以及比 较等级的用法；连词、冠词、介词；主谓一致；简单句、并列句和复合句，以及 倒装、省略句等。二、非谓语动词在短文改错中的考点规律分析：不定式符号to的有无；介词后该使用动词的什么形式；并列结构中几个非谓语动词是否一致；动词用作主语时用何种形式；分词作状语是主动还是被动；分词的形容词功能等。1 动名词主要考查：在一些句型中做宾语或做介词的宾语时需要用动名词。探典型试题：例 1 . I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future!（2005 福建, see 改为 seeing ）例 2. In other w

3、ords, they help to keep people strong and feel good.（2005湖北，feel 改为 feeling，考查 keep sb doing。）例 3. Please excuse us for not able to say goodbye to you. （2005 山东，not 后力卩being。）2 .不定式主要考查不定式符号to的省略与添加。探典型试题：例 1 . Jack would fly away and bring it back for us throw again.（ 2005 江苏，throw 前加 to。）例 2. Some

4、 students may also to save up for their college or future use. （2005 全国I，去掉to o）例 3. If you try to, you can be No. 1.（2005 全国 II,去掉 to。）3 .现在分词与过去分词的区别根据动词与所修饰的名词主被动关系来判断，同 时要注意形容词性的分词用法。探典型试题：例 1 . I found a small house standing in a field with a light shone from the sitting room. （2005 江西，shone 改为

5、 shining。）例 2. He would also catch the food throwing to him from the other side of the room. （2005 江苏，throwing 改为 thrown。）例 3. I kn ocked at the door and was delight in g.（2005 江西，delighti ng 改为delighted。）例 4. I found the game excited. （2005 浙江，excited 改为 exciting。）三、练习请改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误

6、，在该行右 边横线上画一勾（；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正： 该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并 也用斜线划掉。该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（人），在该行右边横线上写出该加的!词。该行错一个词：在错词的下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改第一篇：2008全国卷1Dear Alice,I have just got some good n ews to tell to you.2.3. 4. 5. 6. 0.I win a national prize for painting last

7、week.My father was so pleas ing that he suggestedI go to En gla nd for a holiday. I'tayikei tothere for half a mon th, visit ing place of in terestOr practicing my English as well. We' ve beenWrit ing to each for n early a year no w. I have ofte n dreamed of talk face to face with you.I imag

8、ine you' ll be at vacation yourself by thatTime. Perhaps we could go out to do some sightsee ing together.Best,LilyKeys :1 .去掉to。tell sb. sth告诉某人某事。tell的直接宾语是 some good news , you是间接宾语2. win won句末有last week表示过去发生的事情，就应用一般过去时。3. pleasing pleased/happy某人感到要用动词的ed形式，某物令人用 动词的ing形式。be pleased /happy

9、 with 对感到高兴/满意。4. staying stay。would like to do 喜欢做某事。would like 后跟名词或动词 不定式作宾语。5. place places places of interest风景名胜属于固定结构，place要用复数 形式。6. or and参观名胜和练习英语是并列关系，不是选择关系。7. 在each后加other。 each other为固定搭配，意思是 互相”8. talk talking dream .of sth./doing sth 梦想做某事，其后跟名词或动名词作 宾语。9. at on on vacation 度假。10 .正确

10、第二篇：2004年全国卷IIOn Thursday I will have to decide what I want myself to1.do over a weeke nd. I am thi nking of making a trip2.to London, and visit the British and some3.parks. But I have spe nt most my mon ey, so I cannot4. _eve n go out of tow n. I may go to a film, or a con cert.5.Yes, a con cert ca

11、n be very excited. You can watch your6. _Stars while enjoying your favorite music. So the n, a7.Con cert cost so much. I may just liste n to music. I have8. _Some records givi ng to me as birthday gifts. If I liste n9. _To my own records, there are no n eed to spe nd mon ey.10.All right. That' w

12、hat I 'moing to do. MuseumKeys :1 .去掉myself。want可直接接不定式做宾语。2 .将a改为the,特指即将到来的周末。3. visit改为visiting。与上行的making并列，同做of的宾语。4. most后加of,表部分与整体。5 .正确6. excited改为exciting，此处应该是令人兴奋，而不是感到兴奋。7. So改为But。前文说音乐会的好处，下文说花很多钱，是转折关系8. cost改为costs。第三人称单数形式。9. giving改为given。过去分词作定语，表被动和完成。10 . are改为is。need是不可数名词

13、，谓语用单数形式。第三篇：2006全国卷IIAn America n and a Fren chma n decided to cross the seabetwee n France and En gla nd in the ballo on in 1784. High 1.over the water, they discover a hole in the ballo on. The2.hole became bigger and bigger. The air keeps the3.ballo on up was escap ing quickly and the ballo on w

14、ing up. The two men threw all their equipme nt into5.the water to make the ballo on light. It started to rise6.higher aga in. So it was still too close to the water.7.Fi nally, the men threw away most of his clothes to8.save themselves. The crowd wait ing for to greet them in9.En gla nd was very surprised see this whe n the ballo on10.Ian ded in front of them.Keys :1 . the - a冠词的误用。前面没有提到是哪个气球，所以这里不是特指，下文 开始是特指。2. discover discovered前后时态应一致，都是一般过去时。3. keeps keeping。现在分词作定语。4 .正确5. up - down。空气从气球里漏出去了，所以气球落下，而不是升起。6. light lighter亮一点，用比较级。7. S