常用it作形式主语地句型结构

1、常用it作形式主语的句型结构 It + be +形容词+ that-从句可用于此句型的 形容词有:wonderful, true , good, right, wrong , unimportant, useless, surprising，clear， unusual, lucky， certainecessary 等。 女口： It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting. It is surprising that he came late to school this morning. It is important that w

2、e (should) study hard注意：该句型中的形容词是unimportant, necessary等时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 It + be + -ed 分词 + that-从句适用该句型的 过去分词 主要有:said, reported, announced, hoped, thought, told , believed, expected, decided, suggested, known 等。如： It is hoped that one day they will have eno ugh ani mals to set them free It is

3、 well known that the earth goes around the sun. It is suggested that the sports meeting (should ) be put off until next week.注意：该句型的过去分词是suggested时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 It + be + 名词 + that-从句适用该句型的 名词词组有:a pity, an honor, a good thing , a fact, a surprise, good news, one' s duty。女口： It is a pity

4、(that) you missed the sports meeting last week. It is a fact that En glish is being accepted as an intern ati on al la nguage. It + seem/ appear/ happen的适当形式+ that从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的 简单句。如： It seems that there is a big waste pipe ing down from the town.t There seems to be a big waste pipe ing down fro

5、m the town. He appeared to becalm, but in side his heart was beat ing wildly with fear.t It appeared that he was calm, but in side his heart was beat ing wildly with fear. It does n't matter ( It ' s no won der; It does n' t make much dif等re nee+ when/ where/ which/ whether 等从句。女口： Does

6、it matter if he can't finish the job on time? They are all classmates. It is no wonderthey should help each other with their studies. It + be + adj./ n. (for sb. / of sb.) + to do sth.该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的女口 difficult , hard, easy, impossible , necessary, important 等，此时用 for;或表示 人的性格特征或特点的女口nic

7、e, good , bad, kind , silly , foolish , wise , clever , careless,rude , brave , cruel, careful, grateful 等, 这时要用 of。如： It is foolish of you to give up such a good chanee. It is necessary for college students to master at least a foreign IanguageIt作形式主语常见句型动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用 it作形式主语，放

8、到句首，常见句型有：1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句，如：It is uncertain whether he can e to Jenny' s birthday party or not.2. It + be + 名词词组+主语从句，这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour， a question 等，如：It ' s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.It rema ins a questio n whether he will e or not.3. I

9、t + be +过去分词+主语从句，这类过去分词有：announ ced, believed,expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, show n等，如：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.4. It + 不与物动词(seem,即pear, happen 等)+主语从句，这类不与物动词有: appear, happe n, seem 等，如：It

10、seemed that he didn' t tell the truth.It happe ned that I was out whe n he called.5. It + be + 形容词+ for sb. +动词不定式这类句型常用形容词 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise 等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb，如：It ' s necessary for the young to master two foreign Ianguage.It is unwise to give

11、 the children whatever they want.这类形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise6. It + be + 形容词+ of sb. +动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质，性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite,impolite, silly, selfish,con siderate 等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如：It ' s very kind of y ou to help me with the work

12、.=You are kind to help me.It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.7. It + be +名词词组+动词不定式，如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late.8. It + be +名词或形容词+动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good,no use, a waste of, useless, sen seless等，如

13、：It ' s a waste of time talking to her any more.It is no use arguing about the matter with him.9. It + take ( sb. )+ 时间金钱+动词不定式，如：It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.实战演练：1. It is gen erally con side

14、red un wise to give a childor she wants. (NMET 1997)A. howeverB. whateverC.whicheverD. whe never2. I n factis a hard job for the police to keep orderin an importa nt football match. (2001某某)A. thisB. thatC.thereD. it3. is a fact that En glish is being accepted as aninternational language. (NMET1995)

15、A. ThereB. ThisC.no good,heThatD. It4. Isnecessary to take off our shoes whenweenterthe lab? (MET88)A. every oneB. thisC.herD. it5. will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.A. ItB. IC.WeD. They6. It is no use histhere, the situati on is hopeless now.A. to goB. to be goingC. goingD. hav i

16、ng gone7. It is n ever too late to lear n,?A. is itB. isn ' t itC. does itD. doesn' tit8. is known to all thatShe nzhou VI Laun ched Successfully.A. AsB. WhatC.ItD. That9. is reported in the n ewspaper,the Earthquake in east Chin a'sJia ngxi Province killed 13 peopleA. ItB. AsC.ThatD. Wh

17、at10. certain that his invention will make people' s lifeconvenient.A. That ' sB. This isC. It ' sD. What' s11. that there is ano ther football match on the air thiseve ning.A. It says saidB. It was saidC. It is saidD. What was12. that their daughter got an opport unity to study abro

18、ad.A. It ' s a exciting newsB. This is an exciting newsC. This is exit ing n ewsD. It ' s exciting news参考答案：1 5 BDDDA 6 10CACAC 11 12CD一、主语从句的概念与类型主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语，引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以与连接代词 who,what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词 when, where, why, how 等.例女口 ：That she was cho

19、sen made us very happy.她当选了使我们很高兴 .What caused the accident is a plete mystery.是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜Whether she will e or not is still a question.她是否来还是一个问题 .Which team will win the match is still unknown.哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道.Whoever es to the party will receive a present.参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物When they will start

20、 has not been decided yet.他们何时出发还没决定 .注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子结构平衡，防止"头重脚轻"，常用it作形式主语，而把从句放在后面.例如：It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了这样一个错误 ，真是遗憾.It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型：1) It is + adj. / n. + 从句It is

21、 a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是It is possible that.很可能It is unlikely that.不可能2) It +不与物动词+从句It seems/appears that. 似乎It happened that. 碰巧3) lt + be +过去分词+从句It is said that.据说It is known to all that. 众所周知It is reported that.据报道It is believed that.据信；人们相信It is suggested that. 有人建议 It must be pointed out that

22、.必须指出 It has been proved that. 已证明例女口 ：It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.据信，至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉.It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议会议延期召开It's reported that three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.据报道,事故中三人丧生，五人

23、重伤.It is known to all that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.众所周知，某某是中国不可分割的一局部巩固练习1. Doesmatter if he can't finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it2. It worried her a bither hair was turning grey.A. which B. that C. if D. for3. is a fact that English is being accepted as an inte

24、rnational language.A. There B. This C. That D. It二、学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题1）引导词that与whatwhat既有引导主语从句的作用，同时又在从句中作句子成分（主语、宾语、表语等）.这时what相当于allthat/everything that.,常译成"所的（东西、事情、话等.）"而that只起连接作用,本身无实际意义，在从句中也不担当任何句子成分.但that引导的主语从句放在句首时，不能省略that.例如：What is done can't be undone.（谚语）已成定局，无可挽回.What w

25、e can't get seems better than what we have.我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好That we should work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important.我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势，这一点非常重要.That a new teacher will e to teach us geography is true.一位新教师将来教我们地理，这是真的.巩固练习4. what they told me really true?A. Has B.

26、 Is C. Does D. Have5. It matters littlea man dies, butmatters much ishe lives.A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that6. she couldn't understand wasfewer and fewer students showed interest in herlessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that7. It is

27、 pretty well understoodcontrols the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmospheretoday.A. that B. when C. what D. how8. fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from oneaspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which9. -What made her parents so angry?-she had failed in

28、 the examination.A. As B. Because C. Since D. That2）引导词if和whetherif和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用，但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句（放在句首时卜表语从句常由whether引导侧如:Whether she will go home or not is unknown.她是否回家还不得而知 .Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定.=It remains to be decided whether/if we

29、shall raise ducks or geese.但我们不能说 If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.巩固练习10. we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where3）其它引导词连接代词who, which, whom, whose 有各自的意义，起连接作用，并在从句中充当语、宾语、表语、定语等;连接副词when,where, why, how 等有各自的意义，起连接作用，并在从句中充当状语.巩

30、固练习11. -Do you rememberhe came?-Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if12. It was a matter ofwould take the position.A. who B. whose C. whom D. whomever13. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is thatyou had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where14. I read about it i

31、n some book or other, does it matterit was?A. where B. what C. how D. which三、语气在 It is necessary / natural / important / strange.+ that-clause这类句型里,that 所引导的主语从句中谓语动词用"should +原形",表虚似语气.例如：It is necessary that the problem should be settled at once.这个问题必须马上解决It's strange that he should

32、have gone away without telling us.他竟然没向我们说一声就走了，真是奇怪.巩固练习15. It is necessary that a college studentat least a foreign language.A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master四、以it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句型的区别"It be + adj./n. + that-clause" 与强调句型均有It be.that.之类的语言标志，但不同的是：前者中的that 从句是主语从句.假如删掉其

33、中的It be和that,如此剩余局部不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句子；但假如将后者中的It be和that去掉，如此剩余局部的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.强调句型译为汉语时可加上”正是"或"就是"之类的字眼，而主语从句如此不可以.请比拟下面两个句子：It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.令人惊奇的是玛莉竟然获得了第一名It is Mary that has won first place.正是玛莉得了第一名.第一句话中的It是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句.句中的It is和th

34、at无法删除，一旦删除句子就不成立.第二句是强调句型，其中的It is和that可以去掉，因为没有It is和that句子仍然很通顺.Key: 1-5 DBDBA 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AAADB表语从句1 The traditi onal view iswe sleep because our brain is“ programmed" to make us do so. (2007 某某)A. when B. why C. whether D. that答案D解析下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从句的表语从句，如果看不出它是充当整个句子结构的表语从句将难以把握整个句子的

35、意思。因此， 应选择可引导名词性从句且不充当任何成分的that o考题2 You are say ing that every one should be equal, and this isI disagree. (2004)A. why B. where C. what D. how答案B解析下划线处的引导词引导系动词is后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语 (“disagree "属于不与物动词，“I disagree "本身是完整的主谓结构)，下划线应填入引导词where ,表语从句“ where Idisagree "的意思是“我不同意之处、我不同意

36、的地方"。考题3 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is thatyou had a few days off? (1999)A. why B. when C. what D. where答案A解析下划线处的引导词引导与系动词is连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当原因状语，下划线应填入表示“因此（指因某种原因所造成的结果）的引导词why。考题4 she couldn ' t understand wasfewer and fewer students showed in terest in her less ons. （

37、2000某某）A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that答案A解析第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语，特指她所不理解的事情，应填入关系代词型的引导词 what;第二个下划线处表示“因此（指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句）而不是“为什么"（指原因、理由，由because引导对应的名词性从句），应填入引导词why。考题5 made the school proud wasmore than 90% of the students had been admitted to k

38、ey universities. （2003某某春）A. What; because B. What; thatC. That; what D. That; because答案B解析第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语，特指令校方骄傲的事情，应选用关系代词型的引导词 what;第二个下划线处引导表语从句表示原因、理由， 应由that引导对应的名词性从句。考题6 Are you still thinking about yesterday' s game?Oh, that ' s. （2003春）A. what makes me feel excited B

39、. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. whe n I feel excited答案A解析A选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物；B选项的意思是“我觉得激动的任何事物；C选项的意思是“我对它感觉的方式；D选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的时间。四个选项中A最适合跟代表“ game"的主语that对应，充当表语从句。高中宾语从句详细用法和高考宾语从句专项练习2011-10-25 06:51提问者：聪明宝宝77旦|浏览次数：615次宾语从句£32011-10-25 09:49最优答案你好。定语从句专项练习题与详解5

40、0题1. The placein terested me most was the Childre n's Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2. Do you know the man?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3. This is the hotellast mon th.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they s

41、tayed4. Do you know the yearthe Chin ese munist Party was foun ded?A. which B. that C. whe n D. on which5. That is the dayril n ever forget.A. which B. on which C. i n which D. whe n6. The factorywe'll visit n ext week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. i n which7. Great cha n

42、ges have take n place since the n in the factorywe areworki ng.A. where B. that C. which D. there8. This is one of the best films.A. that have bee n show n this year B. that have show nC. that has bee n show n this year D. that you talked9. Ca n you lend me the bookthe other day?A. about which you t

43、alked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked10. The penhe is writing is mine.A. with which B. i n which C. on which D. by which11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front ofsat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that12. The engin eermy father works is about 50 years old.A.

44、to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom13.lt there anyone in your classfamily is in the country?A. who B. who's C. which D. whose14.1'm in terested inyou have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which15.I want to use the same dicti onarywas used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D.

45、 as16. He isn't such a manhe used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as17. He is good at En glish,we all know.A. that B. as C. whom D. what18. Li Ming,to the con cert enjo yed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him19.1 don't likeas you read.A. the n

46、o vels B. the such no vels C. such no vels D. same no vels20. He talked a lot about thi ngs and pers onsthey remembered in theschool.A. which B. that C. whom D. what21. The letter is from my sister,is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who22.ln our factory there are 2,000 workers, two th

47、irds ofare wome n.A. them B. which C. whom D. who23.You're the only pers onI've ever metcould do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who24.1 lost a book,I can't remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake,Han gz

48、hou is famous in theworld.A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what26.1 have bought such a watchwas advertised on TV.A. that B. which C. as D. it27.1 can n ever forget the daywe worked together and the daywe spe nt together.A. whe n; which B. which; whe n C. what; that D. on which; whe n28. The w

49、ayhe looks at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. what D./29. This is the reas onhe did n't e to the meeti ng.A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which30. This mach ine,for many years, is still worki ng perfectly.A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have loo

50、ked after D. I have looked after31. The reas onhe did n't e washe was ill.A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what32. He is working hard,will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who33. That is not the wayI do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which34.1 have

51、 two grammars,are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.1 want to use the same toolsused in your factory a few days ago.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which36. My n eigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble,wasvery kind of them.A. who B.

52、which C. that D. it37. This is the magaz ineI copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which38. He is not such a manwould leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as39. You can depe nd on whatever promisehe makes.A. / B. why C. when D. whose40. Smok ing,is a bad habit, i

53、s, however, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though41. - Did you ask the guardhappe ned?-Yes, he told me allhe kn ew.A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that42. I shall n ever forget those yearsI lived on the farm withthe farmers,has a great effect on my life.A. whe n; who B. that;

54、 which C. which; that D. whe n; which43. The nu mber of the people whocarsin creas ing.A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days, he worked as a serva nt at the Brow ns.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed45. Is oxyge n the only gashelps fire burn?A. that B

55、. / C. which D. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall,he could seewasgoing on in side house.A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that47. Issome Germa n frie nds visited last week?A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where48. Joh n

56、 got beate n in the game,had bee n expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who49. I have bought two ballpe ns,writes well.A. none of them B. n either of them C. n either of which D. none of which50. All that can be eate neate n up.A. are being B. has bee n C. had bee n D. have bee n参考答案与解析1. A. which用作关系代

57、词，在定语从句中作主语2. C."和谁讲话"要说speak to sb.此题全句应为 Do you know the man whomI spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。5. A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾 语。6. C.解析同第5题。7. A.解析见第3题。8. A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动 词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中