【英语】高考英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析

1、【英语】高考英语被动语态真题汇编（含答案）及解析一、单项选择被动语态1 . Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatalaccidents.A. are urging, followed B . are being urged, followingC. are urged, to follow D . urge, being followed 【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth

2、.,为固定搭配。敦促某人做某事”。分析句意可知是事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故 A与D是错误的。事件已发生了 故不能用to follow作定语，following ,后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用B。2 . I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I that they well.A. have told; washB. have been told; washC. was told; washedD. have been told; are washed【答案】B 【解析】考察时态。根据题意，我想买那种衣服，因为有人告诉

3、过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内 容为过去已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事 实，过去存在，现在及将来都会存在，故用一般现在时态。选 Bo3 . This is one of the highest buildings that in our city recently.A. has been built B. buildC. have been built D . have built【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意：这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一座。此处the highest buildings是先行词，指物，复数形式，

4、且和 build之间是被动关系，再 根据recently所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选C。4 . In no time by a string of measures backing Hainan ' s efforts to deepen reform andopening-up.A the landmark decision was followedB was the landmark decision followedC did the landmark decision follow ；D the landmark decision had been followed;

5、【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考察句子语序。句意：在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深化改革和扩大开放。 In no time （立刻，马上）位于句首，句子用陈述语序，不用部分倒装。另外，该句陈述的过去的事情，因而用一般过去时，综述选A。【点睛】关于部分倒装。部分倒装，也叫不完全倒装，指的是谓语部分的 be 动词，情态动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类：第一，否定性副词或者赋词短语，比如 seldom ， hardly ， at no time, in no case, on no occasion 等位于句首时，比如， Hardlydoes he get lat

6、e. 第二， only 修饰副词性短语谓语句首时，比如 only in this way can we succeed.而本题中in no time （立刻，马上）,不是否定意义的短语，故不用部分倒装。5 Due to the country s growing rate of urbanization, China s migrant population to beover 200 million by 2020.A predicts B is predicted C will have been predicted D will be predicted【答案】 B【解析】考查时态和被动

7、语态。句意：由于中国城市化的速度不断提高，到 2020 年，中国的流动人口预计将超过2 亿。结合句意可知，用一般现在时态的被动语态，句子主语是population ,单数第三人称形式，故答案为B。该题容易误选D项，是现在预计，而不是将来预计，故用现在时态。6 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A can be the patients treatedB the patients can be treatedC can the patients be treatedD

8、treated can be the patients【答案】 C【解析】试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意为：只有增加50%的医生，这个医院的病人才能得到恰当的医治。"only状语”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装，故选 C项。考点 : 考查部分倒装7 It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that for the death of so many innocent people.A are blamedB was to blameC was blamedD were to blame【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一

9、致以及be to blame 的用法。句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜人类的死亡负责。be to blame for表示 应受责备，应对负责”时，固定短语，因此排除A、C项；这里强调主语the natural disaster,是一个强调句，谓语动词应与主语保持 一致，即与the natural disaster保持一致，因此用 was to blame,故选 B项。8 The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than when we admitted.

10、A will getB getC gotD have got【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：我们校长希望我们在毕业的时候比入学的时候更有雄心壮志。从句中主语 we 和动词 admit 是被动关系，入学发生在过去，此处用一般过去时的被动语态； got 在 此相当于 were ，故选C。9 The house, which last night, my aunt but she doesn t live there any more.A was broken into; is belonged to B broke into; is belonged to C broke into;

11、belonging to D was broken into; belongs to 【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态， breakinto 破门而入“ ”，答案为 was broken into ；第二空， belong to 属于“ ”，无进行和被动语态，结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为 belongs to 。故选 D。10 . 一 Are the repairs finished yet?-Yes, they when I c

12、ame back home.A would be completed B would completeC had completed D had been completed【答案】 D【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故选 D。11. Every means , but none proved .A have tried; a success B have been tried; successfullyC has tried; to be successful D has been tried;

13、 successful【答案】 D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主谓一致。 means 是单复数同形的名词，单复数取决于修饰词，这句话means 用every 修饰，说明是单数，谓语用单数，而且means 和 try 是被动关系，用 has been tried ，第二空的 prove 是连系动词，后面接形容词做表语。句意：每种办法都被尝试过了，但没有一个证明是成功的。选D。12. When I got to his house, I found that the walls .A are being painted B are paintingC were being painted D we

14、re painting【答案】 C【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。句意：当我到达他家的时候，我发现墙正在被粉刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态，故选 C。13. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year.A is washing awayB is being washed awayC are washing awayD are being washed away【答案】 D【解析】【详解】本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤： 1. 确定谓语单复数：根据quanti

15、ty 的用法， quantities of 和 a quantity of 后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但它们作主语时， quantities of. 后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of. 的谓语动词用单数，故排除A 、 D 项。 2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选D 项。【名师点拨】quantities of 和 a quantity of 后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of 后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用

16、复数形式； a quantity of 后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。 1.Large quantities of money havebeen sent there 大量的钱已经被送到那里； A large quantity of money has been wasted. 大量的钱已经被浪费； 2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us. 大量的书已经提供给我们； Quantities of nuts are on the table. 大量的坚果在桌子上。14. 一Do you know why a me

17、eting by the middle school teachers last Sunday? To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class. A. was held B. had been heldC. has held D. held【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选 A。句意：一一你知道为什么上星期日中学老 师召开会议吗？ 一一要求更小班，每个班不超过 25-30个学生。1

18、5. The window is dirty.I know. It for weeks.A. hasn ' t cleanedB. didn ' t cleanC. wasn' t cleanedD. hasnt been cleaned【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1.确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去 发生的事情持续到现在。2.确定语态：主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意：一窗户很脏。一我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选Do16. T

19、he singer ' s music vjdeearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.A. viewedB. has viewedC. was viewedD. has been viewed【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：考查动词日态与语态辨析。A. viewed , 一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被动语态；C. has viewed,现在完成式；D. has been viewed,现在完成式的被动语态。句意： 自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这

20、个视频的访问量达到了将近9百万次。since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时has done形式，又因 music video是被访问的，故要用被动语态。故选Do考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。17. Her own story and this book is expected to come out next week.A. had been written B . has been writtenC. had written D . has written【答案】B【解析】句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知，应该用现在完 成时的被动语态。故选B。18. At

21、 the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what inscience and technology.A. has discovered B. has been discoveredC. had discovered D. had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感 到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选Do19. scores of times, but De

22、rek still couldn' t understand how to use past participle in aconcrete situation.A. Having explainedB. Having been explainedC. Though it was explainedD. It was explained【答案】D【解析】因为有连词but,前面应是完整的句子，排除 A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选Do20. Have you telephoned your father?-Yes, he back next week.A. is exp

23、ectedB. expectsC. will expectD. will be expected【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：-你给你的父亲才T电话了吗 ？一是的，他有望明年回来。这里 sb be expected to do现在现在盼望明年回来，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，这里 he应指的是 父亲。根据句意故选 Ao考点：考查动词时态及语态的用法。21. in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.A. Being dressed; pick outB. Dressed; pick outC. Dress

24、ed; be picked outD. Having dressed; pick out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着，作状语表状态，故用 dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形 式表达被动意思，所以用 pick out。故B选项正确。【点睛】主动形式表被动意义的不定式1 . 主语 be +adj. +to do 。能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome（

25、 使人疲劳的 ）,interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc. 注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。2 .主语 +be +adj. + enough +to do 。3 .主语 +be +too +adj. +to do 。4 .不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主动形式表被动概念。I have a meeting to attend today.5 .There be句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。6 .在 “疑问代词 +不定

26、式 ”结构中。7.let, to blame, to seek 等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。8. with+O.+to do 结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。分析句子可知， sb be easy to do sth 主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用 pickout 。故 B 选项正确22 Mum, is the pair of gloves mine? Yes. You have to wear another pair.A washingB have washedC being washedD having washed【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考

27、查时态。句意： 妈妈，这双正洗的手套是我的吗？ 是的。你不得不带另一双了。根据下文可知，手套是正在被洗，用现在进行时的被动，故选C。23 More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A are being builtB will be builtC have been builtD had been built【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。根据时间状语soon 可知，考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的，在具体做题时，需要关注的是时间状语。因此，

28、考生在做本题时，需要先找出时间状语soon ，然后才能准确判断时态是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知，选项A 是现在进行时；选项B 是一般将来时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D 是过去完成时。故选择B。24 This project considered thoroughly, and I m sure it finished on time.A must be; may beB should be; can beC may be; must beD can be; should be【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：句意：这个项目应该被全面地考虑，并且我确定可以准时完成这个项目。should be 表示

29、 “应该 ” 这个项目要求考虑的全面， can be 表示 “能够 ” 有能力完成这个项目，所以选B。考点：考查情态动词25 They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult .A to solveB solvedC to be solved D solving【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语be difficult to dosth.难以；很难 后跟不定式，且在此结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那 么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用 to s

30、olve 形式。故选 A。26 The father,along with his four children,hangzhou.When they will be backfixed.A have gone to;isnBt had gone to;is notC went to;aren t D has gone to;has notbeen 【答案】 D 【解析】 【详解】考查的是主谓一致性及时态。句意：这位父亲和他的四个孩子去杭州了。他们什么时候回来还没有定下来。 along with ， together with ， as well as, with 引导并列主语时，谓语动词与前面

31、的主语保持主谓一致，根据When they will be backfixed. 可知，说话时他们不在现场，应使用 have/has gone to 到某地去“ ”； When they will be back 是主语从句，谓语动词应 使用单数形式，结合从句中的时态可知，此处应使用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响。故 选D。27 The coach, together with his players, to the party held last Friday night, aimingto celebrate their win in the match.A was invitedB wer

32、e invitedC has been invitedD have been invited【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个教练，和他的队员一起，被邀请去参 加上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的 “last Friday night（上周 五晚上）”可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The coach,为第三人称单数形式，“together with介词词组作主语的伴随状语，不能算作主语，所以谓语动词应与Thecoach保持一致。故选 Ao【点睛】主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲，即在英

33、语组词成句的过程中，主语的人称、数、格发生了变化，谓语也必须跟着变化，保证主语 和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中，这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个 原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单 数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也是复数形式。当than,with , as well as, along with , together with , like, rather than , except, not, but, including , plus, besides, in addition to等加名词或代词结构在主语后

34、面时，谓语不受这些 短语影响，须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了 together with 结构，所以句子的谓语动词与主语the coach保持一致。28 . We didn ' t play football yesterday.The match.A. was canceled B. is canceledC. has canceled D. had canceled【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天我们没有踢足球，比赛取消了。根据句意可知，match和cancel之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；由 yesterday可知，这是发

35、生在过去的一件事 情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选 Ao29 . No decision _A_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.A. will be madeB. is madeC. is being madeD. has been made【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查日态，主语是 decision和动词make是动宾关系，所以用被动式，因为后 面的句子about any future appointment可以知道动作未发生，所以用将来时，句子意思关于未来会议没有做

36、出任何决定直到所有的报考者已经被采访"，所以选A考点：考查时态点评：做时态题时，首先看时间状语，由时间状语来确定句子的时态；如果没有时间状语，可以根据隐含的意思来确定句子时态。30 A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth .A to be visited B being visited C visitingD to visit【答案】 C【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意义。句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。 be worth doingsth值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选 C项。31 I saw y

37、our uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn t you drive him there? I . But my car .A would; was fixedB would have; was fixedC would have; was being fixedD did; was being fixed【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用 would have do

38、ne ；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。32 This is one of the best films B that have shownD that you talkedA that have been shown this yearC that has been shown this year【答案】 C【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句，先行词为 the one ，有最高级the best 修饰，关系代词应该用 that ，在从句中作主语，语境表明使用现在完成时，而且谓语要用第三人称单数，故C

39、 项正确。33 Please don t stand up in class until you .A were told toB are toldC are told toD were told【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to 。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C 选项正确。【点睛】to 代替不定式在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to 。 to 代替不定式，常同 refuse, want

40、, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try ， tell 等动词连用。注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或 have been , 一般要保留 be, have或 have been。本句还原为： Please don t stand up in class until you are tlod to stand up 。省略句为： Please don ' t stand up in class until you are told to。故 C 选项

41、正确。34 The classroom by students every day.A cleans B cleanedC is cleaned D is cleaning【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语 The classroom,单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词 clean 之间是被动关系，再结合 every day ，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选 C。35 The old man was weak after the accident; so he carefully by us.A must be take care of B

42、must take care ofC must look after D must be looked after【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：事故发生后，老人很虚弱；所以他必须由我们仔细照顾。固定词组： take care of/ looked after 照顾“” ；句子主语he 和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态， “情态动词 +be +过去分词 ” 。故选 D。36 I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well.A have told ； washesB have

43、been told ； washesC was told ； washedD have been told ； is washed【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意：因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗，于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，且 I与tell是被动关系，所以使用 现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词 wash与副词well连用，用主动形式表示被动含 义。故B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法，涉及主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下：1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示

44、被动意义。常见的有taste（吃起来）,sound （听起来），prove（证明是），feel（摸上去感到）等,例如：Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。2）一些与can't（不能）或won't（不会）连用的动词。常用的有：lock（锁住），shut（关上），open （打开，营业），close （关门）,cut （切割）,weigh （重），act （上演），例如：The door won't open.这门打不开。It can&#

45、39;t move. 它不能动。This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3）一些与 well（很），easily（容易地），perfectly（十分地）等连用的动词，如：sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种 动词+副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有 的属性。例如：The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well. 这些衣服很耐洗。4）用在生语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词， 例如：This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.Writt