高一英语Unit1-2补课讲义

1、Unit 1 Friendship1. survey n. & vt调查 carry out / conduct a survey 进行一次调查a survey (carried out / conducted) by sb. into sth. 某人所做的对某事的调查survey the traffic accidentAlmost 60% of the students (who were) surveyed said they supported the plan. （短文写作中可以借鉴使用，供参考）survey oneself in the mirror 对着镜子审视自己2.

2、add sth. up: add up the scores 把分数加起来_ _, I get a different answer.每次我把这些数字加起来，总得到不同的结果。拓: add up to总和为、合计达；总的说来相当于The money he spent added up to $3,000 this month.add to: increase or strengthen增加、加强add to ones difficulties / trouble / knowledge / information / enjoymentadd to the festive atmosphere

3、 增加节日气氛拓: add to 把添加到 add sugar to the coffee add fuel to the flame / fire 火上浇油3. upset (1) adj. 心烦意乱的、不安的；难过的；生气的be / feel get / become upset about sth./ that从句(2) vt. 使不安、烦扰；使不舒服、使难过；打乱，搅乱(upset/upset)Losing the ring upset her very much.戒指丢失让她心烦。All my plans were upset by the sudden change in weat

4、her. 天气的骤变打乱了我的全部计划。4. ignore vt. take no notice of; refuse to pay attention to不理睬；忽视；装作没看到ignore ones advice / warning 不理会某人的建议/警告He completely ignored her and kept on walking.他装作完全没有注意到她，继续往前走。_ . 我提了个建议，但他们不予理会。5. calm 平静的；镇静的；沉着的stay / keep / remain calm 保持镇静On the surface, Nelson looks like a v

5、ery calm person.表面上，尼尔森似乎是一个很冷静的人。A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea. 一轮红日从平静的海面上冉冉升起。(2) v. 使安静；使冷静；使镇定calm ones nerves 镇定神经 calm the pain减轻疼痛 calm down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来：Calm down, theres nothing to worry about. 安静下来吧，没有什么值得焦虑的。He took a few deep breaths _ . 他深深地吸了几口气使自己平静下来。6. concern (1)v. (使

6、)担心；涉及、关系到The boys poor health concerned his parents.concern oneself about sth. 让自己关心、关注某事be concerned about sth. 关心、关注某事Dont concern yourself about / with other peoples business.He is concerned about / for her safety.The news concerns your brother. 这个消息关系到你的哥哥。(2) n. 担心；关注（的事情）；（利害）关系The main conce

7、rn is that the environment is getting worse and worse. Mind your own concerns. 关注与你自己有关的事。拓: as / so far as sb. is concerned 就来说、就而论As far as I am concerned, the latter is far better.7. loose adj. not firmly or tightly fixedShe wore loose garments in the summer.I have got a loose tooth. 我的一颗牙齿松动了。So

8、me loose pages fell out of the book.8. go through(1) to suffer or experience经历，遭受或忍受(2) to look at or examine carefully 仔细阅读或研究(3) to pass through or be accepted 通过、被接受The country has gone through too many wars. She_recently.她最近经历了一段困难时期。Lets go through it again, this time with the music.The new law

9、 _ (没有被通过).9. set down (1) to make a written record of; write down 记下、写下I will set down the story as it was told to me.Please set down what you saw and heard while your memory is still fresh. I have set down_.我把发生的每件事都记下来了。(2) put down 放下(3) to stop a car, bus etc and allow someone to get out下让人下车Pl

10、ease set me down at the next corner. 在下个拐角处让我下车。10. series n. This publishing firm is planning a new series of school textbooks.They carried out a series of experiments to test the new drug. a series of + pl. n一连串的，一系列的，连续的（注意：做主语时，谓语动词用单数）There has been a series of car accidents at the crossing.The

11、se days I have read a series of articles on reading.A series of TV plays is on Channel 1 these days.11. outdoors adv. indoors adv. (antonym) outdoor adj. indoor adj.Their cat mainly lives outdoors. 他们的猫主要生活在户外。12. on purpose: intentionally; with a particular stated intention 有意地、故意地 “I am sorry I st

12、epped on your toe; it was an accident.” “It wasnt! You did it on purpose.”I came here on purpose to see you.purpose n. C an intention or plan; a persons reason for an actionWhat is the purpose of his visit?Did you come to London to see your family, or for business purpose?13. in order to: so as toSh

13、e got to the lecture room early in order to get a good seat.He was saving as much as possible in order to pay for his house.思考：in order to与so as to在使用上有什么区别？14. at duskat dawn 在黄昏在黎明15. entire adj. 全部的，整个的；全体的 entirely adv.the entire adult population 全部的成年人口waste an entire day 浪费了整整一天The entire vill

14、age was destroyed in the typhoon. 在台风中整个村庄都被毁了。你学过与entire意义相近或相同的词？_16. power n. 能力；力量；权力power of speech 语言能力 mental power 智力It is within / beyond ones power to do sth. 有/无能力做某事。It is beyond / not within my power to help you. 我是爱莫能助。the power of storm 暴风雨的威力wind / solar 风能/太阳能 horsepower 马力have the

15、power to do sth. 有权力做某事 in power17. face to face 面对面地 I have often heard of her. Actually, Ive never met her face to face.face-to-face adj. 面对面的（放在名词前作定语）I think we need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.She _ as he walked into the lecture hall. 教授走进报告厅时，她与他迎头碰上。should to shoul

16、der 肩并肩 step by step 一步步 hand in hand 手拉手 side by side 肩并肩one to one一对一 one by one 一个接一个地neck and neck 并驾齐驱;不分上下18. settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解决to settle in New York在纽约定居The area was not settled before the hunters arrived. 在这批猎人到来从前这个地区无人定居。to settle an argument / a matter解决争论/事情Its all settled

17、were leaving on the 9:00 plane. 一切都定好了我们乘九点的航班走。19. suffer v. to experience pain, difficulty or loss 遭受、忍受、经历I cannot suffer such rudeness. 我受不了这种粗鲁态度。He suffered from poverty all his life. suffer from the war / the pollution 受战乱/污染之苦My father suffers from high blood pressure.They suffered a great d

18、eal in those days.注：患有某种疾病，suffer后通常接介词from20. recover v. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得 recover from the flu 流感痊愈recover from sadness 从悲痛中恢复He is still recovering from the operation.他仍处于术后恢复中。The thief was caught, but the wallet was never recovered. recover ones consciousness / sight / hearing recover the stolen paint

19、ings 追回失窃的油画21. pack (sth.) up pack the luggage up 将行李打包pack up the gifts 好礼品22. get along / on with 与相处；进展How are you getting along with your new classmates?The green hand is _ his job. 这个新手的工作进展得很顺利。 23. fall in love: begin to be in love (with sb.) They fell in love at once; it was love at first s

20、ight.What will he do if his daughter falls in love with a poor man?The student fell in love with music when he was very young.24. exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地Its exactly nine oclock. 现在九点整。Do exactly as I tell you. 严格按我说的办。I know exactly how she felt. 我完全清楚她的感受。You havent changed at allyou still look ex

21、actly the same.25. disagree vi. 不同意；不一致、有分歧disagree with sb. on / about sth. 在某方面与某人的意见不一致I disagree with you on the plan for the coming holiday. 26. grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人表达谢意be grateful that-clauseI would be grateful if you could 如果你，我将感激不尽。You should be grateful

22、 that I didnt tell your parents.27. join in: to take part in (an activity)They are going to join in the singing.Would you like to join in my birthday party?join sb. in sth. / doing sth. 和某人一起做某事、参与某人的活动Will you join us in the discussion? Wed like to listen to your opinion. 28. tip n. 提示；技巧；尖、尖端；小费 v

23、t. 倾斜；翻倒tips on sth. 有关的小窍门/贴士leave a tip for the waiter / give a tip to the waiter 付服务员小费the tip of your nose / finger _the tip of the iceberg 冰山一角on the tip of my tongue 就在嘴边，一时想不起来tip the juice into the glass 把果汁倒进玻璃杯tip ones head back 头往后仰tip to one side 往一边倾斜29. swap vt. 交换 swap sth. with sb. 与

24、某人交换某物swap sth. for sth. 以物换物Ive finished this magazine. Can I swap with you?完成句子。l. He told me secretly that your coming _ (会增加他的麻烦) rather than pleasure. (add)2. It is the first time in his life that he _ (经历了) such sufferings. (go)3. He asked me _ (记下他的电话号码) in case I forgot it. (set)4. His car b

25、roke down suddenly on the road, which _ (引起一连串的事故). (series)5. _ (为了不错过这趟火车), they will have to get up early. (order)6. _ (故意) that he made the mistake in order to catch others attention. (purpose)7. Yon must understand that it is no pleasure_ (遭受这样的痛苦). (suffer)8. - Next Sunday Ill _ (修我的自行车). - Wh

26、y wont you do it all by yourself? (repair)9. I _ (碰巧遇见) her when we were doing shopping in the mall. (happen)10. _ (曾一度) when he hated English and was giving it up. (there)11. Though he _ (相爱着) her, he cant marry her without money. (be)12. - I dont know how to make friends with the boys. - why _ (不参

27、加他们的讨论) and make them believe you are friendly? (join)13. _ (你相处得怎么样) with your roommates? - Very well. (along)14. How long will it take the country _ (从战争中恢复过来)? (recover)15. He _ (已经厌倦了无所事事) at all and has decided to hunt for a job. (tired)1. would add to his trouble 2. has gone through 3. to set

28、down his telephone number 4. caused a series of accidents5. In order not to miss the train 6. It was on purpose7. suffering(from)such pain 8. haveget my bike repaired9. happened to meet 10. There was a time11. is in love with 12. not join in their discussiondont you join in their discussion 13. How

29、are you getting along 14. to recover from the war 15. has gotbeen tired of doing nothingUnit 2 English around the World 1. voyage n. 航行；航海They are fueling their ships for the long voyage. journey、voyage、trip、tour、travel用法区别：(1). journey指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”。只作名词。例如：I took a jo

30、urney from Beijing to Shanghai last year.- How long is your journey to school? - Only about 10 minutes. (2). voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。只作名词。例如：She usually gets seasick during the voyage.They made a voyage across the Pacific by air.(3). trip 一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足”，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替journe

31、y。只作名词。例如：We made a boat trip to the island last week and had a good time.I will be on a trip / journey to the south next summer holiday.(4). tour 着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示“（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、视察、购物、演出”等意思。可作动词和名词。例如：I will tour the world in the future.My father has gone down-town on a shopping tour.(5). trav

32、el作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”。尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。其复数形式意思为“旅游笔记”、“游记”。例如：At present, many people are fond of travel in their spare time.They came home after years of foreign travel.2. because of因为；由于I was wet because of the rain. She was late _. 由于交通拥挤，她来晚了。We have made such great progre

33、ss because of your help. 3. native (1) adj. 本国的；本地的After a long stay in England hes back to his native land. He has been away from his native China for 3 years. (2) n. 本国人；本地人Are you a native of this country or just a visitor? 你是本国人还是只是游客?注意 native作形容词用作表语时，常与介词to连用，作名词时则常与of连用。Banana is native to T

34、aiwan. 香蕉是台湾的土特产。He is a native of Beijing. 他是北京人。4. come up (1) (人)走近；上来He came up to me and said hello to me. (2) （太阳、月亮）升起The sun has come up. 太阳升起来了。(3) = be mentioned/talked about 被讨论、被提及Your question _. 你的问题在会议上被提出来了。(4) 产生，发生Ill let you know if anything comes up. 如果发生什么事我会告诉你的。(5) come up wit

35、h想出，提出He _ to solve the problem. 他已想出一个解决这个问题的好办法。5. actually adv. (1) 实际上，事实上He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous. 他看起来很镇定，但实际上却非常紧张。Actually, he never loves her from the bottom of his heart. 事实上，他从来没有从心里喜欢过她。(2) (虽然令人惊讶，但)真的，竟然Believe it or not, he actually won! in fact / as a matter o

36、f fact 实际上，事实上Im going there tomorrow, as a matter of fact.6. base (1) vt. 以为根据 baseonupon 把建立在的基础上be based onupon以为基础依据What are you basing this theory on?你这种理论的根据是什么?(2) n. 基部；基地；基础This provides a good base for the development of techniques. 这为新科技的发展提供了很好的基础。7. at present目前；现在At present, he is on h

37、oliday.He _, and you can go to him for advice. 他现在有空，你可以向他咨询。(1) at the present time目前，现在 for the present 目前，暂时 He doesnt know how to deal with the difficult situation at the present time. (2) present adj. 现在的；出席的，到场的 n. 礼物Whats your present job? 你现在的工作是什么?How many people are present at the meeting?

38、 参加会议的人有多少? 8. make use of利用；使用make goodfulllittle use of / make the best / most of充分利用You should make use of this chance. We must _ to study. 我们必须利用每一分钟去学习。We must make full use of our natural resources. You should be outside making the most of the sunshine. 你应该到户外尽量多晒晒太阳。9. latter adj. 较后的，后半的；(两者

39、中)后者的 the latter/former 后者/前者He came up with two ways. The latter seems much better. Jane and Mary are good friends; the former is a teacher, and the latter is a nurse. 10. such as例如；像这种的Animals such as cats, dogs and horses are mans friends. Children like sweet foods _. 小孩子喜欢像巧克力之类的甜食。such as，for e

40、xample，that is(1) such as用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且直接跟所列举的事物，其后不用逗号。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和。(2) for example主要用于举例说明，其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末，前后多用逗号隔开。(3) that is相当于namely，意为“即”，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。He has been to many countries _ Singapore, Canada and Australia. 他去过很多国家，比如新加坡，加拿大和澳大利亚。My daughter has

41、 chosen two subjects on Sundays,_ , Chinese dancing and piano. 我女儿周日选修了两门课程，即中国舞蹈和钢琴。Many countries, _ , Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes. 很多国家有许多地震，例如墨西哥和日本。11. command vt. 命令；指令；掌握 (1) command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事My father commanded me to study hard. He _ _. 他命令我马上出发。(2) command that

42、sb. (should) do sth. 从句中用虚拟语气“should+do”，且should可以省略The teacher commanded _.=The teacher commanded him to go out of the classroom. 老师命令他离开教室。 (3) n. 命令，指令，掌握give a command 发布命令 take the command of 统帅，指挥 have a good command of 精通，掌握 He takes the command of an army. 他统帅一支军队。Jill _ of French. 吉尔精通法语。12

43、. request (1) vt. 请求，要求request sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 request that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气，并且should可以省略) Mary requested an MP4 from her father. All the teachers are requested to attend the meeting. 要求所有教师出席会议。She requested that _her decision. 她要求不要向任何人谈起她的决

44、定。(2) n. 要求，请求make a request for sth. 要求某物，需要某物 by request 应邀 at the request of 在的请求下They have made a request for international help. 他们要求国际援助。The bus will stop anywhere by request._, he got out of the car. 在警察的要求下，他下了车。13. play a part in (1) 在中起作用，参与Computers play an important part in modern societ

45、y. 计算机在现代社会中起着重要的作用。Luck _ in his success. 他成功运气起重大作用。(2) 在中担任角色e.g. He played a leading part in the movement. He will play a part of a doctor in my latest film. 他将在我最近的电影里出演一个医生。注意 play a part通常跟介词in和of。 in后面接的是起作用的范围，一般是某组织、某项活动或戏剧等；of后面接的宾语是成员、身份或角色。14. recognize vt. (1) 认出，辨认出The moment I answer

46、ed the phone, I recognized his voice. 我一接电话，就听出了他的声音。(2) 承认；公认 recognize sb. to be 承认某人是 recognize sb.sth. as 承认为 recognize that 承认 We all recognize him to be a good teacher. Lincoln _ one of the greatest President in America. 林肯被认为是美国最伟大的总统之一。I recognize that I am not fit for the job. 我承认我不适合这项工作。1

47、5. straight adv./adj. (1) adj. 直的；笔直的；正直的；直接的The boy drew a long straight line on the blackboard. 男孩在黑板上画了一条长直线。George is a straight man. 乔治是个正直的人。(2) adv. 直接地；笔直地The soldiers stood straight. 士兵们笔直地站着。The road will _. 这条路将直接把你引向伦敦。straight away立刻，马上 I hope you could tell me the truth straight away. 我希望你能立即告诉我真相。完成句子。1. A series of movies which _ (以这个真实故事为基础的) attracts a large audience. (base)2. The cultures of these