研究生英语翻译课程培训translation 7

1、 Technical Translation Lecture 7 I. Lexical feature 1. Affixationl bio-（生命、生物）（生命、生物）l thermo-（热）（热）l electro-（电）（电）l aero-（空气）（空气）l carbo-（碳）（碳）l hydro-（水）（水）l -ite（矿物）（矿物）l -mania（热、狂）（热、狂） l miniultrasonicprober=mini+ultra+sonic+prober 微型超声波金属探测仪微型超声波金属探测仪l macrospacetransship=macro+space+trans+s

2、hipl 巨型空间转运飞船巨型空间转运飞船l teletypesetter=tele+type+setter l 电传排字机电传排字机l photomorphogenesis=photo+morpho+genesis l 光形态发生光形态发生 2. Compoundinglsalt-former 卤素卤素lpulse-scaler脉冲定标器脉冲定标器 l fallout放射性尘埃放射性尘埃lwaterlock水闸水闸l verbal translator 逐字翻译机逐字翻译机lhove craft 气垫船气垫船 lsatellite antimissile observation system

3、卫星反导弹观察系统卫星反导弹观察系统 l bulls eye(靶心靶心)l cat-and-mouse（航向与指挥的）（航向与指挥的）l dog house（高频高压电源屏蔽罩）（高频高压电源屏蔽罩） 3Blendingl smog=smoke+fog 烟雾烟雾l brunch=breakfast+lunch 早午餐早午餐/晚早餐晚早餐l gravisphere=gravity+sphere 引力范围引力范围l medicare=medical+care 医疗保健医疗保健l biorhythm=biological+rhythm 生理节奏生理节奏4. AcronymlADP automatic

4、 data processing 自动数自动数据处理据处理l EDPM electronic data processing machine 电子数据处理电子数据处理lRAM random access memory 随机存取随机存取存储器存储器lDINK dual income, no kids 双收入无子双收入无子女家庭女家庭AS l air scoop 空气收集器空气收集器l air seasoned 风干的（木材）风干的（木材）l air speed 空速、气流速率空速、气流速率l air station 航空站、飞机场航空站、飞机场l American Standard 美国标准美国

5、标准l atmosphere and space 大气层与宇宙空间大气层与宇宙空间l automatic sprinkler 自动洒水车自动洒水车l automatic synchronizer 自动同步器自动同步器5Proper NounslIBM System IBM系统（系统（derived from a US corporation）lKuru 库鲁病库鲁病 (derived from a place in eastern New Guinea)lAlfven wave 阿尔文波（阿尔文波（derived from the Swedish astrophysicist Hannes A

6、lfven）lChandlers wobble 钱得拉波动说钱得拉波动说(derived from the US astronomer Seth Carlo Chandler) II Syntactic feature 1. More Long and Complicated Sentencesl One of the most important things which the economic theories can contribute to the management science is building analytical models which help in reco

7、gnizing the structure of managerial problem, eliminating the minor details which might obstruct decision making, and in concentrating on the main issues.l 经济理论对于管理科学的最重要贡献之一，就是建立分析经济理论对于管理科学的最重要贡献之一，就是建立分析模型。这种模型有助于认识管理问题的构成，排除可能妨模型。这种模型有助于认识管理问题的构成，排除可能妨碍决策的次要因素，从而有助于集中精力去解决主要的问碍决策的次要因素，从而有助于集中精力去解

8、决主要的问题。题。 2.More Nominalizationl The testing of machines by this method entails some loss of powerl The substitution of some rolling friction for sliding friction results in a very considerable reduction in friction. l illumination intensity determination l 照明强度测定照明强度测定l computer programming teachin

9、g device manual 计算机程序编制教学装置计算机程序编制教学装置 3. Extensive Use of the Passive Voicel As oil is found in the ground, its presence can not be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out . If it is thought that the rocks in a ce

10、rtain area contain oil, a “ drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “ a derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe , which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled , a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides from fallin

11、g in. If oil is struck, a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valvesl 人们从橡胶树中获得天然橡胶。这是一种叫做“乳胶”的白色乳状液体。人们先将橡胶与酸混合在一起，将其烘干，然后再运往世界各国。l General English: People get natural rubber from rubber trees as a white, milky liquid, which is called la

12、tex. They mix it with acid, and dry it, and then send it to countries all over the world.( informal)l Scientific English: Natural rubber is obtained from rubber tress as a white, milky liquid known as latex. This is treated with acid and dried, before being dispatched to countries all over the world

13、.( formal)4. More Non-Finite Forms of the Verbl Today the electronic computer is widely used in solving mathematical problems having to do with weather forecasting and putting satellite into orbit.l Numerical control machines are most useful when quantities of products to be produced are low or medi

14、um; the tape containing the information required to produce the part can be stored, reused or modified when required. 5. The Post-Position of the Attributivel Non-mobile robots, capable of learning to perform an industrial task and then of being left to perform it tirelessly, are even now in use in

15、industrial plants all over the world. l In radiation, thermal energy is transformed into radiant energy, similar in nature to light. l The force upward equals the force downward so that the balloon stays at the level. l III Translation Practicel 由于使用了电子计算机，复杂问题迅速而精确地得由于使用了电子计算机，复杂问题迅速而精确地得到解决。到解决。l

16、化石是早期的植物或动物，过去埋在地下，现在坚化石是早期的植物或动物，过去埋在地下，现在坚如岩石。如岩石。l 由于计算机是以二进位制作为本其工作的基础的，由于计算机是以二进位制作为本其工作的基础的，因此能非常有效地完成奇妙的工作，例如进行难题因此能非常有效地完成奇妙的工作，例如进行难题的运算，做出判断，甚至决定方案。的运算，做出判断，甚至决定方案。l 晶体管有两个优点，一是体积小，二是能靠近放置晶体管有两个优点，一是体积小，二是能靠近放置而不过热。而不过热。l 由于使用了电子计算机，复杂问题迅速而精确地由于使用了电子计算机，复杂问题迅速而精确地得到解决。得到解决。l As/since/becau

17、se electronic computers have been used, the complicated problems are solved quickly and accurately.l Electronic computers being used, the complicated problems were solved quickly and accurately.l 化石是早期的植物或动物，过去埋在地下，现在化石是早期的植物或动物，过去埋在地下，现在坚如岩石。坚如岩石。l Fossils are early plants or animals , which were o

18、nce buried in earth, and they are now hardened like rock.l Fossils are early plants or animals once buried in earth, now hardened like rock. l 由于计算机是以二进位制作为本其工作的基础的，由于计算机是以二进位制作为本其工作的基础的，因此能非常有效地完成奇妙的工作，例如进行难题因此能非常有效地完成奇妙的工作，例如进行难题的运算，做出判断，甚至决定方案。的运算，做出判断，甚至决定方案。l Since an electronic computer has th

19、e binary system as its working basis, it can perform wonderful things efficiently, such as doing difficult calculations, making judgments and even deciding plans.l With the binary system as its working basis, an electronic computer can perform wonderful things with great efficiency, such as doing di

20、fficult calculations, making judgments and even deciding plansl l晶体管有两个优点，一是体积小，二是能晶体管有两个优点，一是体积小，二是能靠近放置而不过热。靠近放置而不过热。lThe transistor has two advantages: One is that it is small in size and the other is that it is able to be put close to each other without overheating.lTwo of the advantages of the

21、transistor are its being small in size and its being able to be put close to each other without overheating.l 在恶劣工作条件下并联机器人信号传感器的性能测试在恶劣工作条件下并联机器人信号传感器的性能测试l Performance Testing of a Signal Sensor for a Parallel Robot under Bad Working Conditionsl 造纸厂排出的废水对河流污染的统计调查造纸厂排出的废水对河流污染的统计调查l A Statistical

22、Investigation into Pollution in the River by Waste Water from Paper Mill l 对求对求解二解二维自维自由面由面重力重力流提流提出了出了一种一种新的新的数值数值方法方法A new numerical method is developed for 2-dimensional gravity influenced free surface potential flows passing arbitrary curvilinear solid boundaries.In this paper, the author develo

23、ps a new numerical method for 2-dimensional gravity influenced free surface potential flows passing arbitrary curvilinear solid boundaries.The paper develops a new numerical method for 2-dimensional gravity influenced free surface potential flows passing arbitrary curvilinear solid boundaries.A new numerical method for 2-dimensional gravity influenced free surface potential flows passing arbitrary curvilinear solid boundaries is developed.l 理论研究和计算表明，该方理论研究和计算表明，该方法收敛性好，收敛速度快，法收敛性好，收敛速度快，运算量小运算量小Theoretical res