Lab土壤细菌的分离与纯化ppt课件

1、一 教学要求 经过从土壤中分别纯化细菌，初步掌握微生物的分别纯化方法和无菌操作技术。二实验原理 - 常用的分别纯化方法 microorganisms exist in nature as mixed populations. However, to study microorganisms in the laboratory we must have them in the form of a pure culture, that is, one in which all organisms are descendants of the same organism. 单细胞挑取法 简易单细胞挑

2、取法 micromanipulator 平板分别法 streak plate method The most common way of separating bacterial cells on the agar surface to obtain isolated colonies is the streak plate method. It provides a simple and rapid method of diluting the sample by mechanical means. As the loop is streaked across the agar surfac

3、e, more and more bacteria are rubbed off until individual separated organisms are deposited on the agar. After incubation, the area at the beginning of the streak pattern will show confluent growth, while the area near the end of the pattern should show discrete colonies. pour plate method Another m

4、ethod of separating bacteria is the pour plate method. With the pour plate method, the bacteria are mixed with melted agar until evenly distributed and separated throughout the liquid. The melted agar is then poured into an empty plate and allowed to solidify. After incubation, discrete bacterial co

5、lonies can then be found growing both on the agar and in the agar. spread plate method The spin plate method involves diluting the bacterial sample in tubes of sterile water, saline, or broth. Small samples of the diluted bacteria are then pipetted onto the surface of agar plates. A sterile, bent-gl

6、ass rod is then used to spread the bacteria evenly over the entire agar surface. l金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus)和普通变形菌(Proteus vulgaris)斜面菌种。l已灭菌的牛肉膏、高氏1号、土豆蔗糖培育各1瓶，49.5 mL 无菌水带玻璃珠1 瓶、4.5 mL无菌水6 管、80%乙酸、10%酚酸、95% 乙醇。l无菌培育皿12套、1 mL无菌移液管10 支、土壤样品、天平等。四 操作步骤 制备土壤稀释液 倾注平板培育 接种和分别工具1接种针 2.接种环 3.接种钩 4.5.玻璃涂棒 6.接种圈 7.接种锄 8.小解剖刀 挑菌落isolation plate移接斜面常用的接种方法划线接种点接种穿刺接种涂布接种液体接种注射接种斜面接种时的无菌操作(1)接种灭菌 (2)开启棉塞 (3)管口灭菌 (4)挑起菌苔 (5)接种 (6)塞好棉塞纯化平板划线法倒平板划线培育挑菌落纯种纯培育 平板划线分别的方法平板划线分别的方法1.斜线法斜线法 2.曲线法曲线法 3.方格法方