定语从句 (3)

1、定语从句定语从句l导入l关系代词l关系副词l介词+关系代词las & whichl考点分析 什么是定语？ 定语是用来说明名词（代词）的品质和特征的词或一组词 从句用作定语即定语从句。 定语从句的分类： 限定性定语从句：对其所修饰的名词来讲是必不可少的 My uncle is a man who believes in discipline. 非限定性定语从句：对其所修饰的名词只是一种补充说明，并不必不可少，一般用逗号隔开 I like to chat with John, who is a clever man.l定语从句就是修饰名词的从句，被修饰的名词称为先行词。定语从句是由关系代词

2、和关系副词引导，前者在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语，后者在从句中作状语。 I need someone who can do the work quickly. John is not the man (that/ which) he was years ago.l关系代词：that, which, who, whoml关系副词：when, where, why关系代词l关系代词thatl关系代词whichl关系代词who和whom关系代词thatl先行词是物（that、which）lWe all enjoyed Prof. Lis lecture which related to the in

3、ternational situation.l先行词是一个模糊的人（that、who）lI need someone who can do the work quicklyl关系代词在从句中作表语，可以省略(that、which)lJohn is not the man (that/ which) he was years ago.关系代词thatl先行词是物，前面又有一个不定代词、最高级形容词或序数词修饰lThis is the funniest film that has come from the studio l先行词本身为不定代词lThe government has promise

4、d to do all that lies in its power to alleviate the hardships of people.l先行词有两个或两个以上，既有人又有物lHe talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 不能用在非限定性定语从句中关系代词whichl先行词是物（that、which）l关系代词在从句中作表语，可以省略(that、which) John is not the man (that/ which) he was years ago.l当先行词和定语从句被句子的其他成分隔开(whic

5、h、who) A war broke out which lasted for forty years.l先行词为集合名词，且该词指一个整体 A family which dates back to the Norman Conquest. （07 浙江 14） Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. A that B which C who D where （B）（05湖北29） Her sister has become a lawyer, _ she

6、wanted to be. A who B that C what D which D关系代词who和whomlWho:l先行词指人（模糊，具体都可）l当先行词和定语从句被句子的其他成分隔开 Anybody can explain this who knows English grammar.l先行词为集合名词且指的是组成整体的所有成员lA family who often quarrel among themselveslWhom:l先行词指人关系代词who和whom 区别：lWho的前面不能与介词搭配使用，可以作主语、宾语、表语lWhom在定语从句中不能作主语，但可以作宾语或表语（09 全

7、国 28）（09宁夏海南 28） She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before. A them B who C whom D these C（06北京 31） Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than _ those dont. A who; / B /; who C who; who D /; / C关系副词l关系副词when可以限定性和非限定性定

8、语从句，其先行词必须是表示时间的名词，day, year I never forgot the day when I met you.l关系副词when在从句中作时间状语lIll never forget the day when we first met in the park.（09 江苏 23） Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan for one night. A if B when C which D since B关系副词 关系副词why用来表示原

9、因，只引导限定性定语从句，先行词是reason等表示原因的名词。 This is the reason why I didnt come here.关系副词l关系副词where引导定语从句，其先行词一般是表示地点的名词：place，house This is the town where I spend my childhood.l关系副词where在从句中作地点状语 This is the town where I spend my childhood. This is the town which I told you about before.（09 上海 34） Mozarts bir

10、thplace and the house _ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. A where B when C there D which A（06山东 26） Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. A where B that C when D which A （09 北京 26） -What do you think of teaching, Bob? -I find it fun and cha

11、llenging. It is a job_ you are doing something serious but interesting. A where B which C when D that A介词+关系代词l介词+关系代词在从句中做状语l当介词+关系代词在从句中作时间状语和地点状语时可以被关系副词when、where代替介词+关系代词l介词的选择:(看从句选介词)l看从句的动词：所用介词必须与定语从句中的动词构成固定搭配（最常见） The girl with whom you work is his girlfriend.l看从句的形容词：当定语从句的谓语不是一个实义动词，而是由

12、be动词与某个形容词构成，此时所用介词必须与定语从句中的形容词构成固定搭配（比较常见） He referred me to some reference book with which I am not very familiar.l看从句的名词：所用介词必须与定语从句中的某个名词构成固定搭配（较少用） I am sending you an inquire, to which you promote attention is highly appreciated. 记住相关的介词搭配 （09 湖北 80）learning strategies, to _(老师们认为) importance,

13、 have nor yet drawn enough attention. ( attach ) which teachers attach/have attached（08 湖北 33）The city_ (我成长的) is very hot and damp in summer. (grow) in which / where I grow upas & which 引导非限定性定语从句，指代主句整个内容。lWhich引导时，定语从句位于主句之后lAs引导时，定语从句可以位于主句之前也可以位于主语之后 We cant do without rules, which/as you know. As you know, we cant do this without rules.（09 全国2 17） My friend showed me round the town, _was very kind of him. A which B that C where D it A （09 山东 24） Whenever I met he