On righteousness 论义原创阅读材料及练习题

1、On Righteousness 论义In my view, those who neglect justice should be spurned without hesitation, for theyll abandon everything if justice vanishes in their heart. They merely know benefit and exploitation, not regarding any sentiment and saying nothing to express their guilt. Humans heart is kind orig

2、inally. However, as the saying goes Keep good man company and you shall be of the number, the heart is influenced by wickedness for too long, so the kindness will develop at the direction of vicious mind. Nevertheless, there are a number of reasons leading to this situation. Perhaps the kind are sch

3、emed by others, they must feel wrong. They cant appeal, so theyll get exasperated, detest others, may become autistic and defensive as well. The aftermath is that a kind will vanish and a devil will be given birth to in the world. That people become degenerated is a phenomenon which can be witnessed

4、 in the society. Its mainly caused by exterior factors. A person who is kind and amiable is often loathed, so if he tries to get along well with others, the only way is to change his temperament, so kindness ends up here. Eventually, he will be rotten and wicked. If you take a wrong pace, youll get

5、into the abyss. There are two sides in a humans heart. Kindness and wickedness coexist, restricting each other as well. But if the external circumstances alter, the harmonious balance will be broken. Staying in the ideal society, his heart will develop to the kind tendency, otherwise itll get corrup

6、t. If he chases for power and wealth excessively, hell be decadent inevitably. They compete against one another and there might be someone using unjust methods to frame up his opponents. Those who persist in competing fair will be harmed first, for kind people are bullied very often. All of these co

7、me from the roots of power and wealth. If unfair things werent existing in the world, there wouldnt be any conflicts on them. Righteousness is the demarcation between paradise and inferno, which can distinguish benevolence and wickedness. In conclusion, the degeneration of the human nature originate

8、s from injustice.I.New Words and Expressions:righteousness n.正义 abandon v.抛弃 conclusion n.结论spurn v.唾弃 vicious adj.恶毒的 degenerate v.堕落wrong adj.冤屈的 sentiment n.情感 exterior adj.外部的detest v.憎恶 appeal v.申诉 temperament n.性格defensive adj.戒备的 autistic adj.自闭的 pace n.步vanish v.消灭 aftermath n.后果 coexist v.共

9、存devil n.恶人 tendency n.倾向 external adj.外部的phenomenon n.现象 chase v.追逐 alter v.改变loath v.憎恶 excessively adv.过分 corrupt adj.腐败的rotten adj.腐朽的 opponent n.对手 inevitably adv.必然abyss n.深渊 conflict n.冲突 bully v.欺凌restrict v.制衡 benevolence n.善行 demarcation n.分界线circumstance n.情况 ,环境 distinguish v.区分 inferno

10、n.地狱II.Notes to the Text1. Keep good man company and you shall be of the number. 这是谚语 ,意思是“近朱者赤 ,近墨者黑。2. frame up, 陷害。III.Words Studyi.Vocabulary Expansion: Add more words or phrases which can replace the words below in the passage.1. vicious 2. loath 3. abandon 4. aftermath 5. external 6. corrupt i

11、i.Distinguish the words below. You can use synonyms or antonyms to tell the differences between (among) the words.1.external(adj.) & eternal(adj.)2.loath(v.) & abhor(v.) & abominate(v.) 3.opponent(n.) & antagonist(n.) & rival(n.)4.inferno(n.) & hell(n.)5.degenerate(v.) &

12、rot(v.) &decadence(n.)6.alter(v.) & altar(n.)IV.Summary Writing Summarize the ideas of the passage and figure out the logic relation among them. Then draw a mind map.V.Reading ComprehensionExercise 11. The writer thinks that those who get rotten .A. are inevitablyB. are suffering from exteri

13、or reasonsC. must have been framed up in the pastD. chase for power and wealth excessively2. The word decadent in bold can be replaced by the word .A. chaotic B. corrupt C. wicked D. unjust3. According to the passage, the roots of frame-up are .A. power and influenceB. affection and businessC. right

14、s and obligationsD. influence and wealth4. We can infer that the writers emotional attitude probably is .A. indignant B. xenophobic C. anxious D. aggressive5. How does the writer try to demonstrate his thoughts?A. By giving examples.B. By stacking statistics.C. By contrast.D. By quoting outstanding

15、philosophers conclusions.Exercise 21. The contention of the passage is that .A. those who neglect justice should be condemned and spurnedB. if theres no justice, the degeneration of the human nature will startC. we shouldnt chase for power and wealth excessivelyD. justice plays a significant role in

16、 the development of modern society2. Those who neglect justice .A. wont give assistance to others and wont feel guilty about itB. frame up others and become xenophobic and defensiveC. will probably use some unfair methods to obtain power and wealthD. restrict their opponents when theyre competing fo

17、r what they want3. The kind whore framed up by others .A. want to appeal and detest themB. will learn a lot to frame up othersC. wont stick to justice and get decadent inevitablyD. wont chase for power and wealth in a fair way4. If a person chases for power and wealth excessively, .A. justice will be done on him inevitablyB. hell be degenerated for he indulges in them and get addictedC. therell be conflicts between righteousness and benefits in his heartD. hell lose his human nature and die in others abuse5. What the writer mainly wants to tell us is that .A. the human nature has deg