翻译速记符号

1、Interpreters convert spoken statements from one language to another in various settings. Interpreting involves listening to, understanding and memorising content, then reproducing statements, questions and speeches in a different language. This is usually from another language into the mother tongue

2、, but may be on a two-way basis. Researching specialised vocabulary and terminology is part of the role.Interpreters facilitate effective communication between clients at: · international events and conferences; · technical, business, legal or political meetings; · court hearings;

3、83; medical consultations; · police interviews. This is a rewarding but demanding role that requires accuracy, quick thinking and an excellent grasp of sector-specific language and jargon.» Typical work activitiesThere are two main forms of interpreting: · Simultaneous: Working at a c

4、onference or large meeting, the interpreter sits in a soundproof booth (there are separate booths for each conference language) and immediately converts what is being said, so listeners hear the interpretation through an earpiece while the speaker is still speaking. · Consecutive: More common i

5、n smaller meetings and discussions, the interpreter waits until the speaker has finished, perhaps taking notes, before giving an accurate account of what has been said. Other forms of interpreting include: · Liaison interpreting: This is for conversations between two or more people who speak di

6、fferent languages and often involves interpreting by telephone. This is increasingly popular, particularly in the public service sector. · Whispering/chuchotage: This may be used when most people present speak the same language. The interpreter sits beside one or two non-speakers of the languag

7、e and whispers the interpretation. The following work activities are likely in any interpreting setting: · assimilating speakers' words quickly, including jargon and acronyms; · analysing sentences expressed in one language and explaining them using another language; · using techn

8、ology to extract specialist vocabulary and build up specialist vocabulary banks; · writing notes to aid memory; · using microphones and headsets; · preparing paperwork - considering agendas before meetings, or lectures/speeches when received in advance; · organising workload and

9、liaising with internal departments, agencies and/or employers. 一、 缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：F拿掉所有元音二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如：日本人：JZ。C 表示政府，统治：government，govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/

10、,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, ernmental official 可以表示为 CZ。P 表示政治：politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。那么politician就可以表示为 PZ。E 表示总数：total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。G 表示效率：efficient, effective。G为效率符号。Q 表示"通货膨胀&q

11、uot;：inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到，所以用首字母代替。B 表示商业：business。C× 表示冲突，矛盾：conflict， confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对，字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。W 表示工作，职业: work, employ 等。它是work的第一个字母。所以WZ就可以用来表示worker，而W(Z在字母上方表示employe

12、r， 在字母下方表示employee)。i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。U U 看酷似一个酒杯，在笔记中表示合同、协议（treaty, agreement）一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。如果在U内填入2××××，就可以表示为bilateral（双边的）, 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism（单边主义），填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在U上加一个"/"

13、;××××表示谈判破裂。O 表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等：country, state, nation, etc.gO表示进口，Og表示出口这个符号酷似一把椅子，可以表示主持、主办：chair, host, preside over。那么在此符号上加Z表示主席，主持人：chairman, host, etc.T 表示"领导人"：leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT 圆圈表示一个圆桌，中间一

14、点表示一盆花，这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等：meeting，conference， negotiation，seminar，discussion，symposiumk 这个符号看上像条鱼，所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。O 圆圈代表地球，横线表示赤道，所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.J 表示开心：pleasant, joyful，happy，excited, etc.L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, ang

15、ry, sad, etc.EO 表示听到、总所周之：as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc.O 表示漠不关心、无动于衷：indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc四、 数学符号+ 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.+(+2) 表示"多"的比较级：more+3 表示"多"的最高级：

16、most 表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.× 表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念：wrong/incorrect, something bad, notorious, negative, etc.> 表示"多于"概念：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.表示"高" 概念：superior to, surpas

17、s, etc.< 表示"少于"概念：less/smaller, etc.表示"低"概念：inferior to, etc.= 表示"同等"概念：means, that is to say, in other words, the same as, be equal to, etc.表示"对手"概念：a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( ) 表示"在.之间"：among, within, etc. 表示"不同"概念：

18、be different from, etc.表示"无敌"概念：matchless, peerless, etc. 表示"大约"概念：about/around, or so, approximately, etc./ 表示"否定"，"消除"等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc.五、 标点等: 表示各种各样"说"的动词：say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.? 表示"问题"：question, is

19、sue, 例如：台湾问题：tw?. (dot) 这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示two month ago。"y"表示this year, "y2." two year later"next week", 可以表示为"wk." 表示转折 表示"好的"状态，right/goodm, famous/well-known, etc.表

20、示"同意"状态，stand up for, support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc. 表示"重要的"状态：important, exemplary（模范的） best, outstanding, brilliant, etc.n 表示"交流"状态：exchange, mutual, etc.& 表示"和"，"与"：and, together with, along with, accompany, along with, fur

21、ther more, etc. 表示"结束"：end, stop, halt, bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.六、 较长单词的处理办法-ism 简写为 m 例如：socialism Sm-tion 简 简写为 n 例如：standardization (标准化) stdn-cian 简 简写为 o 例如：technician techo-ing 简写为 g 例如：marketing (市场营销) MKTgMKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几

22、个字母INFO: informationINS: insuranceEXCH: exchangeI owe you: IOUIn stead of: I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK: weekRM: roomPL: peopleF根据发音R: areTHO: thoughTHRU: through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词 原词APT: ApartmentACC: AccountantACDG: AccordingACPT: AcceptAD: AdvertisementADS: AddressADV: AdviceAMAP: As much/many as possibleAM

23、T: AmountAPV: ApproveASAP: As soon as possibleBAL: BalanceBLDG: BuildingCERT: CertificateCFM: ConformCNCL: CancelCNF: ConferenceCMI: CommissionCMP: CompleteCMPE: Compete/competitiveCMU: CommunicationCONC: Concern/concerning/concernedCOND: ConditionCO.: CompanyDEPT: DepartmentDISC: DiscountDPT: Depar

24、tureEXCH: ExchangeEXPLN: ExplainEXT: ExtentFLT: FlightFNT: FinalFRT: FreightFYR: For your referenceGD: GoodGUAR: GuaranteeH.O.: Home officeINFO: InformationIMPS: ImpossibleIMP(T): ImportantINCD: IncludeINDIV: IndividualINS: InsuranceINTST: InterestedI/O: In stead ofIOU: I owe youIVO: In view ofMANUF

25、: ManufactureMDL: ModelMEMO: MemorandumMGR: MangerMIN: MinimumMKT: MarketMSG: MessageNCRY: NecessaryNLT: No later thanOBS: ObserveOBT: ObtainORD: OrdinaryPAT: PatentPC: PiecePKG: PackingPL: PeoplePLS: PleasePOSN: PositionPOSS(BL): PossiblePROD: ProductQLTY: QualityQUTY: QuantityRCV: ReceiveREF: Refe

26、renceREGL: RegularREP: RepresentativeRESN: ReservationRPT: RepeatRESPON: ResponsibleSEC: SectionSITN: SituationSTD: StandardTEL: TelephoneTEMP: TemporaryTGM: TelegraphTHO: ThoughTKS: ThanksTRD: TradeTRF: TrafficTTL: TotalU: YouUR: YourWK: WeekWL: WillWT: WeightXL: Extra large二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"

27、people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如：日本人：JZ。C 表示政府，统治：government，govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, ernmental official 可以表示为 CZ。P 表示政治：politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。那么politician就可以表示为 PZ。E 表示总数：total, totally, entire, entirely,

28、 on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。G 表示效率：efficient, effective。G为效率符号。Q 表示"通货膨胀"：inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到，所以用首字母代替。B 表示商业：business。C× 表示冲突，矛盾：conflict， confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对，字母"C"将反对的

29、概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。W 表示工作，职业: work, employ 等。它是work的第一个字母。所以WZ就可以用来表示worker，而W(Z在字母上方表示employer， 在字母下方表示employee)。i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。U U 看酷似一个酒杯，在笔记中表示合同、协议（treaty, agreement）一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。如果在U内填入2××××，就可以表示为bilater

30、al（双边的）, 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism（单边主义），填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在U上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。O 表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等：country, state, nation, etc.gO表示进口，Og表示出口这个符号酷似一把椅子，可以表示主持、主办：chair, host, preside over。那么在此符号上加Z表示主席，主持人：chairma

31、n, host, etc.T 表示"领导人"：leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT 圆圈表示一个圆桌，中间一点表示一盆花，这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等：meeting，conference， negotiation，seminar，discussion，symposiumk 这个符号看上像条鱼，所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。O 圆圈代表地球，横线表示赤道，所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide

32、, global, universal, etc.J 表示开心：pleasant, joyful，happy，excited, etc.L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.EO 表示听到、总所周之：as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc.O 表示漠不关心、无动于衷：indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc四、 数学符号+ 表示"多":

33、many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.+(+2) 表示"多"的比较级：more+3 表示"多"的最高级：most 表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.× 表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念：wrong/incorrect, something bad, notorious, negative, etc.> 表

34、示"多于"概念：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.表示"高" 概念：superior to, surpass, etc.< 表示"少于"概念：less/smaller, etc.表示"低"概念：inferior to, etc.= 表示"同等"概念：means, that is to say, in other words, the same as, be equal to, etc.表示"对手"概念：a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( ) 表示"在.之间"：among, within, etc. 表示"不同