名词性从句ppt

1、定义定义:在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句。作用作用:名词在复合句中作宾语、表语、主语和同位名词在复合句中作宾语、表语、主语和同位语。语。因此，名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语因此，名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。从句、主语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句引导词：名词性从句引导词：thatif, whether（是否）（是否）连接代词连接代词: who, whose, what, which连接副词连接副词: when, where, how, why1.作动词的宾语作动词的宾语1)引导词引导词that 可省略可省略I hear (

2、that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.2)动词动词+间接宾语间接宾语+宾语从句宾语从句She told me that she would accept my invitation.that不不可省略可省略2.作介词的宾语作介词的宾语Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3. It作为形式宾语作为形式宾语He has made it clear that he will not give in. See to it that children dont cat

3、ch cold.4.否定的转移否定的转移主句的谓语动词为主句的谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等等, 其后其后的宾语从句若含有否定词的宾语从句若含有否定词not, 一般要把否定词一般要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上转移到主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定从句谓语用肯定.I dont think this dress fits you well.5. that不能省略的情况不能省略的情况1)and连接两个宾语从句连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在宾语从句放在and后后Everybody cou

4、ld see what happened and that Tom was frightened.2)that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.3)that从句位于句首时从句位于句首时That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.4)主句谓语动词与主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语时从句之间有插入语时We decided, in view of his special circumstances,

5、that we would admit him for a probationary.6.宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态1)主句用过去时主句用过去时,从句用一般过去时从句用一般过去时(如从句表如从句表示客观真理示客观真理,可用现在时可用现在时)Did you see that the boys were playing football on the playground at that time? Yesterday Tom said that the earth goes round the sun.2)主句为现在时时主句为现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态从句可根据需要选用各种时态I t

6、hink that the Greens have left for Hawaii. I want to know if/whether he will go surfing this afternoon.3)动词动词suggest，insist，prefer，request，require，demand， order， command， advise等词后的宾语从句中等词后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词要用谓语动词要用虚拟语气虚拟语气, 其构成是其构成是“should+动词原形动词原形”，其中其中should可省略可省略It was suggested that more teachers sho

7、uld be sent there to help them. Tom insisted that his leadership be recognized by all the boys.作业作业:用用whose, whom, what, how, that填空填空.1.I think _ he will be all right in a few days. 2.Do you know _ they are waiting for? 3. He asked _ dictionary it was. 4. Please pay attention to _ the teacher said.

8、 5. Can you tell me _ I can get to the railway station? 表语从句放在系动词之后，一般结构表语从句放在系动词之后，一般结构是是“主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语从句表语从句”1、由、由that引导，引导，that不作成分，不作成分，只起连接作用。只起连接作用。The fact is that we have lost the game. The trouble is that I have lost his address.2、由、由whether引导表示不确定，由引导表示不确定，由because引导表示原因引导表示原因。The point

9、 is whether we should lend him the money. It is because I have ever heard of the story.3. what, which, who, whom, whose等连接代等连接代词及词及when, where, how, why等连接副词既引导等连接副词既引导句子又充当一定的句子成分句子又充当一定的句子成分.The problem is who we can get to replace her. The question is how he did it. That was what she did this mor

10、ning on reaching the attic. 4. as if常与常与look, seem, sound等连系动词连用等连系动词连用.She looks as if she would cry.5.在一些表示在一些表示“建议，劝说，命令建议，劝说，命令”的名的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。My suggestion is that we （should）start early tomorrow.1.We cannot figure out_ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals ar

11、e dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. howCAB4.-I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes, it

12、 could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that 5.Perseverance is a kind of quality-and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 6.I really dont know _ I had this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was whyCAA7.

13、Never take _for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks _he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C. as if D. whether 8.These wild flowers are so special I would do_ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 9.The old woman wa

14、s shocked by _ had happened to her daughter. A. whom B. which C. that D. whatBCAD主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1.it作形式主语的四个主要句型作形式主语的四个主要句型1)It + be+名词词组名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.) + that从句从句Its a pity that we cant go .

15、 Its no surprise that our team should have won the game. 2)It +be +形容词形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+ that从句从句It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is probable that he told her everything.3)It + be+ 过去分词过去分词(sa

16、id, reported, thought, expected, announced, etc .)+ that从句从句It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.4) It +不及物动词不及物动词(seem, happen等等) +that从句从句It seemed that Alice is not coming to the party at all. It happened

17、that I was out that day.2.主语从句的主谓一致主语从句的主谓一致主语从句多表示单一概念主语从句多表示单一概念,因此主句谓因此主句谓语动词多用单数语动词多用单数.what 引导的从句根据引导的从句根据表达的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数表达的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数.When and where well go isnt decided. What we need are books/ is water.3.What与与that的用法区别的用法区别what在从句中作主语、宾语、表在从句中作主语、宾语、表语语,而而that则不作句子成分则不作句子成分.What you sai

18、d yesterday is right. That she is still alive is good news. 4.Whether和和if的用法区别的用法区别A）引导主语从句）引导主语从句,表语从句表语从句,同位语从同位语从句用句用whether不用不用ifIt doesnt matter whether she will come or not. The problem is whether she will have enough time.B) 在主语从句中，只有用在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主作形式主语时语时, whether和和if 都能引导主语从句都能引导主语从句, 否则

19、否则, 也只能用也只能用whether。如。如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. It hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.C) 在介词之后。在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略介词往往可以省略) 如如: It all depends (on) whether they will support us.D) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：后面直接跟动词不定式时。如： He doesnt know whether to stay or

20、 not.E) 后面紧接后面紧接or not 时。如：时。如： We didnt know whether or not she was ready.1.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 2.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to. A. who

21、 is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 3._ made the school proud was_ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key university. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That.; becauseBBB4.It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosp

22、here today. A. that B. when C. how D. what 5._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what 6._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 7._ I was free that evening. A. It happened to B. It happened that C. That h

23、appened D. It was happened thatDACB同位语从句一般用同位语从句一般用whether，that等词引导，等词引导，常放在名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换常放在名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。同一关系。1.同位语从句的先行词多为同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等等, 关联词多用从属连词关联词多用从属连词that.Where did you get the idea t

24、hat I could not come? They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.2.同位语从句意义完整同位语从句意义完整, 应用应用that;意义不完意义不完整需增加整需增加“是否是否”的含义的含义,应用应用whether；需；需要增加要增加“什么时候什么时候”、“什么地点什么地点”、“什什么方式么方式”等含义，应用等含义，应用when，where，how等词。等词。I have no idea whether hell come or not. The question who should do

25、the work requires consideration.3.表示表示“建议、命令、要求建议、命令、要求”的名词所跟的的名词所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气（should+动词原形，动词原形，should可省略）可省略）This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.4.that引导的同位语从句与定

26、语从句的区别引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.The news that he told me yesterday is true.同位语从句同位语从句, that不可省略不可省略定语从句定语从句,that在从句中作在从句中作told的宾语的宾语,可省略可省略1. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that 2. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.