英语必修4译林牛津unit 1学案（3）reading

1、英语必修4译林牛津Unit 1学案（3）ReadingReadingFast reading Part A 1. What do ads try to persuade people to do? 2. What does PSAs stand for? 3. What are PSAs aim to do?Careful reading CI: C2Language points1. What does PSA stand for? (Page 2, Part A)stand for(1)代表, 表示, 象征What does ESL stand for? ESL代表什么?English-a

2、s-a-second language. 作为第二语言的英语。(2) (通常用于疑问句或否定句中) 容忍, 允许 Well not stand for this sort of behavior, young man!(3)主张, 支持, 拥护 I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her. 注意 stand除本义“站立”之外, 还可作及物动词, 意为“使站立, 经受, 忍受”。Can you stand an egg on the desk? 你能让一个鸡蛋立在桌子上吗?I cant stand staying up so

3、late. 这么晚不睡觉, 我受不了。经典回放：Modern plastics can _ very high and low temperature.A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support2. What are PSAs meant to do? (Page 2, Part A)mean v.(1) (不用于进行时态)有的含义 This signal means your e-mail has been received. (2)打算(让某人)做(某事) I didnt mean to interrupt your meal. 我本无意打扰你们用餐。 I n

4、ever meant her to read those comments. 我本不打算让她看到那些评论。mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着某事(同)intend v. 意欲, 打算(派)meaning n. 意义, 含义 means n. 方法, 手段 means作“方法, 手段”讲时, 单复数同形；如果作主语, 谓语动词的单复数要根据上下文的语义来确定。Every means has been tried to solve the problem.经典回放：一Why havent you bought any butter?一I _ to,

5、but I forgot about it. A. 1iked B. wished C. meant D. expected3. Below is an article about advertisements written by a student for her English project. (Page 2, Part B)written by a student 是过去分词短语作后置定语。 The book written for children is popular with the children. The price of the car bought yesterday

6、 is reasonable. 提示：非谓语动词作后置定语的三种形式：the house being built now 正在进行the house to be built soon 将要发生the house built last year 已经完成经典回放： The prize of the game show is $30 000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 解析：句意为“这次比赛表演的奖品是3万美元和到中国的免费假期”。 expenses与p

7、ay之问的关系是修饰限定关系, 即pay作expenses的后置定语, 两者之间是被动关系, 故排除A。C表示将来的被动, D表示正在被进行的动作, 均不符合题意。故选B。 答案：B经典回放： Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known(2) The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that nig

8、ht. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at the time. (07上海) A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. being completed4. （Line 1）be used to (doing) sth: 习惯于（做）某事，表示状态，get / become used to: 表示动

9、作。used to sth: 过去常常做某事（暗含现在不做了），to为不定式符号。be used to do sth: 被用来做某事be used for: 被用来做（目的）be used as: 当作被使用（方式）经典回放：In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _ .A. that used to beB. it is used toC. it was used toD. it used to be5. and have some very important information to sh

10、are with you (Page 2, Line 3)share v. 分享, 分担, 共有 n. 一份, 份额；股份 (=stock)；共享share sth. (withamongbetween sb. ) (与某人)共享分担均分某事物share in sth. with sb. 与某人分享(担)某事物share happiness and sorrow同甘共苦share ones troubles as well as ones joys 同甘共苦经典回放：(1) Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clareyou must 1earn t

11、o _. A. support B. care C. spare D. share(2) In a way I can see what you mean, even though I dont _ your point of view. A. permit B. share C. agree D. recognize(3)Its a fellows duty to _ the good things of this world with his neighbors. A. share B. spare C. spend D. give(4) Well have to _ our sorrow

12、s as well as joys in the future. A. share in B. share with C. Spare D. support(5) I hated to _ the hotel room _ a stranger.A. share；in B. share; with C. spare；for D. spare；with6. An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people to buy a product or service ,or to believe in an idea. (Page

13、2, Line 5-6) (1) persuade + 名词或代词： I can persuade the boss soon. (2) persuade + sb. of sth. 表示“使某人相信某事”： I persuaded him of its truth. (3) persuade + sb. (not) to do sth. 表示“说服某人(不)做某事”： They persuaded her to go with them. (4) persuade + sb. into/ out of doing sth. 表示“说服某人(不)做某事”： We persuaded her i

14、nto taking the job. (5) persuade sb. that-clause表示“使某人相信”： She persuaded me that death does not end all.经典回放：There is nothing more I can try _ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. (2007·上海)A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade7. A commercial advertisement is one wh

15、ich someone has paid for to advertise a product or service. PSAs are often run for free (Page 2, Line 10)pay v. 付款(1) pay for sth. 为付款 I've paid for his service.(2) pay (sb.) some money for sth. 为向某人付款I paid him$10 000 for the car. 拓展常见的买、卖东西的句型：(1)主语是买方： pay money for sth. spend money on sth. (

16、in) doing sth. take sth. for money offer (sb. ) money for sth. (2)主语是物：sth. costs sb. money(3)主语是卖方：charge money for sth. sell sth. for moneytake some money for sth. offer (sb. )sth. for money经典回放：Do you have any idea what Paul does all day?As I know, he spends at least as much time playing as he _.

17、 (2007·重庆) A. writes B. does writing C. is writing D. does writefor free 免费These pictures can be kept for free. You may take whichever you like.(1) be free with sth. 对某物大方、慷慨 He is free with money. (2) be free from sth. 摆脱某物, 没有某物 The children are free from worry. 孩子们是无忧无虑的。 He is free from dut

18、y today. 今天他不值班。(3) be free of sth. 离开某物；摆脱(没有)某物(=be free from sth. ) The ship was free of the harbor. 船已离开港口。 The city is free fromof thieves. 这个城市没有盗贼。(4) be free to do sth. 随心所欲地做某事 You ale free to do what you like. 你们想做什么就做什么。(5) be free of charge免费 The tickets are all free of charge. 这些票都是免费的。

19、8. There are laws to protect people from advertisements that cheat people(Page 2, Line 14-15)protectfromagainst保护使不受的伤害, fromagainst是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。 He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. A new material was painted to protect the roof against rain. 阻止某人做某事: keep sb.

20、from doing sth. stop/ prevent sb. (from)doing sth. be keptstoppedprevented from doing sth. 被阻止做某事(from不能省略)The heavy rain keptstoppedprevented him from going there. 9. However, we still must be aware of the skillful methods used in advertisements to try and sell us things. (Page 2, Line 15)aware adj

21、.意识到的, 感觉到的。一般用作表语。后接of短语或从句。(1) be (quitewell) aware of (= have knowledge of / know about )意识到, 察觉到He wasnt aware of the danger. 他没觉察到危险。I was aware that I had drunk too much. aware的修饰语通常用well或quite, 表示“很, 非常”, 而不用very, 类似的词还有worth, “很值得”用be well worth。经典回放： He is quite _ of the risk, buthe has no

22、chance but to go ahead. A. eager B. aware C. sensitive D. serious10. Even if an ad does not lie (Page 2, Line 15)lie(1) v. 说谎, 撒谎, 编造谎言; 躺 You could see from his face that he was lying. (2) n.谎言, 谎话 The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies. 整个叙述只不过是一派谎言。tell a lielies说谎意义原形过去式过去分词现在分词躺, 位于liela

23、ylainlying说谎, 撒谎1ieliedliedlying放置, 产卵laylaidlaidlaying经典回放：The manager had fallen asleep where he _, without undressing. A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied11. that the toothpaste cures bad breath (Page 2, Line 18)cure vt.治好. 改好n. 治愈；疗法, 药方；解决办法cure sb. 治疗某人 cure sth. 解决某事 cure sb. o

24、f sth. 用某物治疗某人 a cure for pollution污染的解决办法经典回放：Once _, a bad habit is hard to _.A. formed; cure B. formed; to be cured C. forming; cure D. forming; to be cured12. We must not fall for this kind of trick. (Page 3, Line 25)fall for(1)被某人所吸引；爱上某人 They fell for each other at the first meeting and got ma

25、rried six weeks later. (2) (轻易)相信某事 The salesman said the ear was in good condition, and I was foolish enough to fall for it. fall ill患病 fall behind落后, 掉队fall off跌落；下落 fall into pieces崩溃, 倒塌fall in love with 与谈恋爱; 爱上某人经典回放：I _ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in ti

26、me!A. had fallen sleep B. have fallen asleep C. fell asleep D. fall asleep13. Not all ads play tricks on us though. (Page 3, Line 27) though(1) conj. (用于句首时较为庄重) 虽然, 尽管 Though they lacked official support, they continued their struggle. Strange though it may seem, no one would look into it. 注意上句中的St

27、range though it may seem为倒装结构。其正常语序为： Though it may seem strange, 其中though可用as代替, 在此类倒装中, 往往将副词、形容词、动词原型、(无冠词)名词单独置于句首。 Hard thoughas he worked, he failed again. 尽管他很努力。但又失败了。 adv. 虽然, 然而. 可是(作副词时常常用于句末, 常与前面的句子用逗号隔开) Ive got a cold. Its nothing serious, though. 我感冒了，然而并不严重。经典回放：Have you been to New

28、 Zealand?No. Id like to, _.A. too B. though C. yet D. either英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法： 1）all 的否定式：not all（或：allnot）表示"并非都"、"不是所有的都"例如： Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。 Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长很高。 2）both 的否定式：notboth (或：both not) &

29、quot;并非两个都" 例如： I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。 3）every的否定式："不是每都" 例如： Not every book is educative. (或：Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是

30、随处可见的。 4）always的否定式："并非总是（并非一直）" 例如： He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。 5) entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式："不完全"，"并非完全" 例如： The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。 He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。 I don't agree completel

31、y. 我并不完全同意。 What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。 . trick sb into doing sth: 诱使， 骗得He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was rich.trick out of: 骗走He tricked the poor girl out of her money. play tricks on sb. 欺骗某人He is always playing tricks on his teachers.14. Our government un

32、derstands this and has been using PSAs to educate people for many years.(Page 3, Line 30)havehas +been +doing现在完成进行时态, 表示从过去某时起一直不断地持续到现在(说话时)的动作；此动作可能还在继续进行, 也可能刚刚停止。现在完成进行时强调“动作”, 而现在完成时常强调“事实”。如：I have been reading all the morning. He had been staying there for two hours. 经典回放：(1)Years ago we did

33、nt know this, but recent science _ that people who dont sleep well soon get ill. A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing(2)-Look! How long _ like this? 一Three weeks! A. has it rained B. has it been raining C. is it raining D. does it rain(3)Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in

34、 class at Sunshine School, where she _ English for a year. (2007·湖南·31) A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying(4)Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday. (2006·山东·33)A. have been missing B. have got los

35、t C. be missing D. get lost15. which tells you what you are supposed to learn from the passage (Page 3, Reading strategy)suppose(1) be supposed to中的to是动词不定式符号, 后接动词原形, 主语为人时“应该, 被期望”, 它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。主语为物时示“本应, 本该”, 用予表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。它还可以用来表示“被认为是, 被相信是”。如：The train was supposed to have arrived t

36、en minutes ago.They are supposed to be very clever. suppose还可用于插入语中。 Who do you suppose called today? 你猜今天谁打过电话?(3) 在口语中, 常用I suppose so.(我认为是这样。)和I dont suppose so.I suppose not. (我认为不是这样。) I suppose so. =I think so.I dont suppose so. =I dont think so. 经典回放：You should apologize to her, Barry._, but

37、 its not going to be easy. A. I suppose so. B. I feel so. C. I prefer to D. I like to16. warn sb against: 让提防He warned me against pickpockets.17. keep away from: 不接近，使离开Keep everybody away from the accident.18. By the way, who pays for these ads? (Page 5, Part F)by the way顺便问提一下 all the way 一直 by wa

38、y of 经, 由 in a way在某种程度上, 有点儿 in no way决不 in the way妨碍 make ones way前进, 行走 on theones way(to)在去的路上 under way (计划等)进行中 get into the way of doing养成做的习惯注意：in no way位于句首时句子要部分倒装, 将系动词、助动词或情态动词提前。 In no way can you enter the room. 你绝对不能进入这个房间。经典回放：I think he is taking an active part in social work.I agre

39、e with you _. A. in a way B. on the way C. by the way D. in the way高考链接Steven Spielbergs new movie Lincoln paints a vivid and breath-taking picture of the 16th U.S. president and his determination to end slavery. Spielberg based his film on parts of Team of Rivals, a book by Doris Kearns Goodwin. He

40、 makes Abraham Lincoln relevant today by presenting a cunning political mind trying to overcome Washingtons all too familiar political divisions.In previous movies, Lincoln was shown as a simple yet almost perfect man. But Spielbergs Lincoln is different. “I was determined to make a movie about a wo

41、rking president dealing with real problems. Not some angel,” Spielberg said.We watch the president first ending slavery and then the war.The films adviser, historian Eric Martin, explains how Lincoln's thinking evolved.“His main objective when the war began was not the freeing of the slaves but

42、to keep the country united. Lincoln realizes that in order to keep the country together, the question of slavery will have to be addressed,” Martin said.The film focuses on the last four months of his presidency.In the movie, the arguments among political enemies seem very similar to the problems we

43、 see in Washington today. The disagreements were bitter.The film turns to Lincolns relationships with his wife and kids, his beliefs and constant self-examination. Daniel Day-Lewis, the actor who plays Lincoln, offers an Oscar-worthy performance as the 16th President. Not only is his physical simila

44、rity to the president incredible, he is able to capture many of Lincolns mannerisms and his high-pitched, almost lady-like voice. “I found it very easy to play the role of Lincoln because the real man himself was so open. When I was researching his history to prepare for the part, one of the most su

45、rprising things I found was just how accessible he was. Even in war-time, when he was in great danger, he was always willing to meet with others and share his ideas,” Day-Lewis said.Spielbergs Lincoln will head to the Oscars. But more important it will make history.41. What does Spielberg say is dif

46、ferent about his movie of Lincoln? A. It is based on a book called “Team of Rivals”. B. It mainly shows how cunning Lincoln was. C. It focuses on how he worked as a politician. D. It describes how determined he was.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据I was determined to make a movie about a working president dealing w

47、ith real problems.主要集中于林肯是作为一个政治家是怎样工作的，故选C。42. According to Martin, Abraham Lincoln _. A. started the war to free the slaves B. ended slavery to keep the country united C. was killed because of his military failure D. was forced to free the slaves【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Lincoln realizes that in order to k

48、eep the country together, the question of slavery will have to be addressed,林肯要结束奴隶制度保持国家统一，故选B。43. Which of the following is true about the actor who plays Lincoln? A. He looks very similar to Lincoln. B. His performance is very lady-like. C. He won an Oscar for his performance. D. He believed he r

49、eally was Lincoln.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Not only is his physical similarity to the president incredible, he is able to capture many of Lincolns mannerisms and his high-pitched, almost lady-like voice演员看起来要和真正的林肯长相相似，故选A。44. What is the authors opinion about the movie? A. It reflects historical facts. B.

50、It is controversial. C. Its performances arent realistic. D. It is of high quality.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Spielbergs Lincoln will head to the Oscars. But more important it will make history.作者对这部电影的评价很高，故选D。45. In what section in a newspaper can this passage most probably be found? A. People in history B.

51、 Entertainment C. Lifestyle D. Politics【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文主要介绍了电影的内容可知应该出现在娱乐节目，故选B。第二节 信息匹配 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先请阅读下列帐篷的信息： AThe Hardwear Hoopster provides roomy, shelter for you and 5 of your friends any season of the year. Its revolutionary design adds

52、 space to the tent without additional weight, so you have plenty of room for cooking, sleeping, hanging out, and having fun. Weight 10.5kg. Cost $499. B The North Face VE 25 features top-shelf materials and construction so you and two mountain climbing partners can feel safe and secure any time of y

53、ear. Its reinforced egg-shaped structure can withstand the absolute worst mountain weather, storms, high winds and heavy snow. Weight 4.5 kg. Cost $560. CSierra Lightning HD - Fully waterproof and designed to keep things light without sacrificing internal space or ease of setup. Plenty of room for you and two friends to stay warm, dry and safe on your next trip. Weight 4.5kg. Cost $139. DThe Hubba 2-Person Tent is perfect when you head out for some spring or summer camping with a friend. It's simple to set up, which is helpful in ba