高考英语短文改错解题策略(1)

1、7. 短文改错短文改错7.1 陕西历年高考英语改错命题考点分布统计表陕西历年高考英语改错命题考点分布统计表2006年年 110词 书信 介绍M大学 内容贴近考生题号答案错误类型 词性考点76are is错误v.主谓一致77far删除adj.词组辨析78正确79course courses错误n.名词数80it删除指示pron.指代重复81particular particularly错误同根adj.改成ad.形副修饰语82that whether错误conj.句意逻辑83to添加infinitive动词搭配84arrived arrive错误v.动词时态85or and错误conj.连词逻辑2

2、007年年 125词 记叙 比较中学和大学学习之不同 内容贴近考生题号 答案错误类型词性考点76the添加art.冠词所指77lesson lessons错误n.名词数78paid pay错误v.动词时态79were删除v.主备语态80正确81on in错误prep.词组辨析82can could错误v.动词时态83late later错误同根adj.转换成ad.形副修饰语84study studying错误v.词组匹配85it删除pron. 指代重复2008年年 120词 记叙 描述大家弃置电影票的情节 内容贴近考生题号 答案错误类型词性考点76love loves错误v. 主谓一致77正确

3、78on for错误prep.词组辨析79terribly terrible错误同根ad.转换成adj.形副修饰语80it删除指示pron.指代重复81ticket tickets错误n.名词数82to添加infinitive动词搭配83while when错误conj.连词逻辑84the删除art.冠词所指85has had错误v.动词时态2009年年 130词 记叙 描述同学们助人为乐的故事 内容贴近考生题号 答案错误类型词性考点76breaking broken错误同根adj. 转换词义辨析77ran run错误v.动词时态78the删除art.冠词所指79正确80patiently p

4、atient错误同根ad.转成adj.形副修饰语81and添加conj.句意逻辑82book books错误n.名词数83study studying错误v.词组84fast faster错误adj.副词级别85in添加prep.词组辨析2010年年 110词 记叙 描述作者和妹妹购物时遇到的趣事 内容贴近考生题号答案错误类型词性考点76are were错误v.动词时态77it添加指示pron.代词特指78a the错误art.冠词所指79his her错误物主pron.性别一致80hardly hard错误同根ad.转换 句意逻辑81to添加不定式动词搭配82was删除v.主被语态83tha

5、t which错误关系conj.关代用法84embarrassing embarrassed错误同根adj.转换句意意义85for but错误conj.连词逻辑2011年年 115词 记叙 描述作者和自己在街道上偶然遇到的自己喜欢的电影明星拍照签名的事情 内容贴近考生题号答案错误类型词性考点76make making错误v.动词形态77actor actors错误n. 名词数78but and错误conj.连词逻辑79it添加pron.代词特指80have had错误v.动词时态81everywhere anywhere错误ad.句意逻辑82disappointing disappointed

6、错误同根adj.转换意义83of添加prep.搭配介词84the删除art.意义85had have错误v.动词时态2012年年 115词 记叙 描述作者和父亲在北京游玩时对所住的南湖宾馆的感受 内容贴近考生题号答案错误类型词性考点76visit visited错误v.动词时态77but and/so错误conj. 连词逻辑78to删除prep.介词搭配79comfortably comfortable错误同根ad.转换成adj.形副修饰语80were was错误v.主谓一致81for with错误prep.介词搭配82taking taken错误v.动词形态83dish dishes错误n.

7、 名词数84a添加art.特指85me mine错误pron.代词意义2013年年 117词 记叙 描述作者和爷爷一起钓鱼时的经过和感受 内容贴近考生题号答案错误类型词性考点76go went错误v.动词时态77ours our错误pron.代词意义78so删除conj.冗余79Before After错误prep.逻辑80impatiently impatient错误同根ad.转换成adj. 形副修饰语81and but错误conj.连词逻辑82were was错误v.主谓一致83a添加art. 泛指84minute minutes错误n.名词数85Felt Feeling 错误v.动词形态

8、20142014年年 119词 记叙 描述作者和叔叔们、爸爸第一次野营的趣事和感受 内容贴近考生 题号答案错误类型词性考点76to添加不定式动词词组77come came错误v. 动词时态78have having错误v. 动词形态79immediate immediately错误同根adj.转换成ad. 形副修饰语80on at错误prep. 介词匹配81Neither None错误pron. 代词所指82was were错误v. 主谓一致83were删除v. 主被语态84but and错误conj. 连词逻辑85a an错误art.音素限制7.2 陕西历年高考英语改错命题题材统计表陕西历年

9、高考英语改错命题题材统计表年份年份陕西历年高考英语改错命题题材统计表陕西历年高考英语改错命题题材统计表06110词 书信 介绍M大学 内容贴近考生心思 07125词 记叙 比较中学和大学学习之不同 内容贴近考生所思所想08120词 记叙 描述大家弃置电影票的情节 内容贴近日常生活09130词 记叙 描述同学们助人为乐的故事 内容贴近考生生活 10110词 记叙 描述作者作者和妹妹购物时遇到的趣事 内容紧贴考生生活 11115词 记叙 描述作者作者和自己在街道上偶然遇到的自己喜欢的电影明星拍照签名的事情 内容紧贴考生生活12115词 记叙 描述作者作者和父亲在北京游玩时对所住的南湖宾馆的感受 内

10、容紧贴考生生活13117词 记叙 描述作者作者和爷爷一起钓鱼时的经过和感受 内容紧贴考生生活 14119词 记叙 描述作者作者和叔爸们第一次野营的趣事和感受 内容紧贴考生生活157.3 陕西历年高考英语改错命题词性分布统计表陕西历年高考英语改错命题词性分布统计表年份词法/词形/词性/词义/错误不定式错添加错误删除错误名词动词形容词副词连词代词冠词介词061211211toit far07141001110thewere it08120111111toit the09121210110and inthe1021122101it towas11131111110it ofthe1213101112

11、0atsowere157.5 短文改错应试口诀短文改错应试口诀 速读识文意，速读识文意， 句中查错误，句中查错误， 名词数名词数 动词形，动词形， 形副级别及互换，形副级别及互换， 连词连词(not)查逻辑查逻辑, 代词代词(it)看一致，看一致， 冠词添删冠词添删(to)与互换，与互换， 介词介词(to)多在搭配中。多在搭配中。 7.4 课程标准课程标准对短文改错无明确要求对短文改错无明确要求 考试说明考试说明指出指出 文中有十处错误，文中有十处错误， 其中包括词法，句法，行文逻辑等。其中包括词法，句法，行文逻辑等。Whats the ma

12、in trouble when correcting a composition?1. 看不出句子有错。看不出句子有错。2. 看出句子出错的地方看出句子出错的地方,但答案不正确。但答案不正确。或无法改正。或无法改正。 这些现象尤其反应在基础较差的学生身上，这些现象尤其反应在基础较差的学生身上，“改错改错，越改越错改错改错，越改越错”。因此了解改错的题型。因此了解改错的题型特点，并在此基础上加以一定分项训练，掌握一特点，并在此基础上加以一定分项训练，掌握一些解题技巧就非常有必要。些解题技巧就非常有必要。1 1）错词）错词2 2）多词）多词3 3）缺词）缺词更正更正删除删除补漏补漏错误类型分析错误

13、类型分析1. 漏词漏词例例 I hope youve had pleasant journey home and. a2.2.多词多词 例例 Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.3.3.错词错词例例It is real a good chance to have met all of you here._really例如例如: It was very nice to get your invitation to spend weekend with you. Luckily I was completely

14、free then, so Ill to say “yes”. Ill arrive in Bristol at around 8 pm in am Friday evening. 注意：以下为不规范答题注意：以下为不规范答题,均不给分，均不给分， theamon如何突破高分瓶颈如何突破高分瓶颈 专题分类突破专题分类突破 短文改错的错误类型虽然多种多短文改错的错误类型虽然多种多样，但是归纳起来主要有以下情况：样，但是归纳起来主要有以下情况：从词法入手，逐句找错从词法入手，逐句找错动词形，名词数。动词形，名词数。还要注意形和副。还要注意形和副。代词格，细领悟。代词格，细领悟。介词短语须关注。介词

15、短语须关注。非谓语，细辨别非谓语，细辨别 。冠词连词常光顾。冠词连词常光顾。一、动词一、动词形形 1.动词的动词的时态时态和和语态语态错误错误. 2. 主、谓不一致主、谓不一致的错误。的错误。 3.非谓语动词非谓语动词的误用的误用 高考链接高考链接1.We were driving in the country when the car stop working.stopped词法和逻辑错误词法和逻辑错误: Correct the mistakes2. Mary ,as well as her sisters study Chinese in China. studies3. I saw th

16、e boys played games on the bank of the lake when I passed.playing二二、名词名词数数 1.1.可数可数与与不可数不可数名词的混用。名词的混用。 2.2.可数可数名词的名词的单复数单复数的错用。的错用。3.3.名词的名词的格格的误用的误用高考链接高考链接2： 1. We can find a lot of informations on the Irmation2. Different people speak different language. languages3. The man is a frie

17、nd of my father.fathers三、还要注意三、还要注意形形和和副副1.1.形容词形容词和副词的和副词的误用误用2.2.原级，原级，比较级和最高级的比较级和最高级的误用误用。高考链接：高考链接：1. Im sure well have a wonderfully time together.wonderful 3. This river isnt as longer as that one.long2. He knows me so good that he can recognize my foot steps.well四四、 代词代词格，格，细领悟细领悟高考链接：高考链接：1

18、. There are trees on all sides of the road.both 2. I think important to learn the computer well.it【2007全国全国I卷卷】 I was only about six when he held his hand out to me. I took it in me and we walked.【2007陕西卷陕西卷】 Just at that time I woke up and found me still in bed!minemyself【2008全国全国II卷卷】 I should be

19、able to tell visitors about our history and culture and show them their great achievement.【2011重庆卷重庆卷】 With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, Ive soon got used to living without my parents .【2011全国全国II卷卷】 Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us with the wonderful me

20、als. ourmineus 人称代词人称代词的性别，单复数及代词格的误用；的性别，单复数及代词格的误用； 物主代词物主代词，反身代词反身代词以及以及不定代词不定代词的误用；的误用； “it” 一词的不当使用一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中或作形式包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语主语或宾语)； Whose 和和whos，its和和 its的混淆的混淆代词方面的错误主要体现在：代词方面的错误主要体现在：代词格，细领悟人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称第二人称第三人称Imeweusyouyouyouyouhehimsheheritittheythem单数复数形容词性物主代词myyourhisher

21、itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mine yourshishersitsoursyourstheirs五、五、介词介词短语短语须关注须关注，习惯用法习惯用法要记住要记住主要考查主要考查介词介词短语短语和和习惯用法习惯用法的搭配的搭配。1. I saw him enter into the classroom.2. I wont take this jacket, for its price is very expensive.high【2007浙江卷浙江卷】 I could not to run very fast and fell behind.【2007宁夏卷宁夏卷】 Li M

22、ing came see me every day. to六, 非谓语，细辨别【2008重庆卷重庆卷】And there were many meaningful things that were worth think of.【2008辽宁卷辽宁卷】 We all enjoyed this precious day greatly , remember the time we spent together and the people they were familiar with.rememberingthinking【2009浙江浙江】It was a lesson that it wa

23、s possible give without expecting anything in return. 【2010课标全国卷课标全国卷】 On the box was a card said:“25 cents.”tosaying主要错误为三种：非谓语的主要错误为三种：非谓语的混淆混淆；不定式不定式to的的遗漏遗漏或或多用多用；非谓语与谓语动词的非谓语与谓语动词的混淆混淆。 . .冠词冠词the, a, an 的的误用，多用或少用误用，多用或少用。 连词连词but，and，or, so和和although的错用的错用链接：链接：1.What a lovely weather we are

24、having today! 七、七、冠词冠词, ,连词连词常光顾常光顾2. My parents are very kind to me, because I dont want to leave them.soOur English teacher begin to teach us in September. She had been teaching English for more than twenty year. She likes we, and she is very strict in all of us. Although she is a bit old and not

25、so beautifully, but we consider her as our mother. She is really good teacher. We are love her very much. Were sure well get in well with each other动词形动词形名词数名词数介词短语需关注介词短语需关注还要注意形和副还要注意形和副冠词连词常光顾冠词连词常光顾代词格，细领悟代词格，细领悟习惯用法要记住习惯用法要记住began hasyearsuswithbeautifulaon较好拿到的分数有：较好拿到的分数有：名词单复数名词单复数/形容词副词形容词副

26、词/冠词冠词/代词代词.做题时应注意：做题时应注意：叙事性文章首抓全文时态，以免理解有误；叙事性文章首抓全文时态，以免理解有误；论述性文章首抓名词形容词冠词代词错误论述性文章首抓名词形容词冠词代词错误小结小结II.II.从句法的角度去分析：从句法的角度去分析：1 1）定语从句）定语从句2 2）名词性从句）名词性从句3 3）状语从句）状语从句4) 4) 句式结构句式结构 1 1）定语从句（）定语从句（关系代词和关系副词的误用关系代词和关系副词的误用）1.He put it in a secret place where I couldnt find.which2.The house which

27、Lu Xun once lived is being repaired now.where3. Ill never forget the day which I first went to school.when2 2）名词性从句（）名词性从句（连接词的混用连接词的混用）1.We would return at night to hear that hed picked up from the radio in the day.what2.But it didnt matter that I would win or not.whether 3.When people are playing

28、games,they move a lot. That is how sports are good activities for their health. why3 3）状语从句（）状语从句（引导词的误用引导词的误用）1.He got up early in order to he could catch the firstthat2. Make a mark which you have any doubts or questions.where4) 4) 句式结构句式结构1) As we climbed the mountains, we fed monkeys, visiting t

29、emples and told stories. 2)I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. visitedseeing 3)Why you think so many people still suffer from poverty now?do单句改错练习单句改错练习 : 摘自同学的作业摘自同学的作业/作文作文.1、I met student yesterday. _ 2、He is look

30、ing a missing book. _ a for可数名词，单数前要加冠戴帽，复数后要加尾巴可数名词，单数前要加冠戴帽，复数后要加尾巴固定短语固定短语 look for 常用搭配要注意介词常用搭配要注意介词3、The boss made workers to work 10 hours a day. make sb do sth 不带不带to不定式不定式4、He married with a beautiful girl. marry sb嫁，娶嫁，娶 ，和某人结婚，不用，和某人结婚，不用with5、 It is time of me to take my dog. for 固定搭配固定搭

31、配从词法入手，逐句找错从词法入手，逐句找错动词形，名词数。动词形，名词数。还要注意形和副。还要注意形和副。代词格，细领悟。代词格，细领悟。介词短语须关注。介词短语须关注。非谓语，细辨别非谓语，细辨别 。冠词连词常光顾。冠词连词常光顾。 做短文改错时只要记住做短文改错时只要记住“三三歩歩”，“六原则和六原则和“四不改四不改”就就能提高得分率。能提高得分率。高考短文改错应试高考短文改错应试策略策略及及答题原则答题原则 1.以在有错行改动一词为原则. 2.以改变实词形式为原则. 3.以单词形式变化最小为原则. 4.以添加或删除虚词为原则. 5.以多“改正”少“添删”为原则 以保持原意不变为原则1.

32、通读全文, 理解文章. 2. 先易后难, 找出明错.3. 对照考点, 深入审读.六原则六原则 四不改四不改: :标点符号不改。标点符号不改。大小写不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改。词序错误不改。单词拼写不改单词拼写不改 。 文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错。 My sister saw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day. She liked it at once. Then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it. As

33、 she did this, lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt! I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! My sister wanted get out of the shop as fast as she could when a shop assistant came over to us. It was turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by mistake. The assistant was cl

34、early as embarrassing as my sister, for I thought it was funny! ittheherhardtowhichembarrassedbut/yet/whilewere1. 广泛阅读，增强语感广泛阅读，增强语感2. 改错训练和书面表达训练相结合改错训练和书面表达训练相结合. 4. 认准命题者意图认准命题者意图. 不要受思维定势影响或不要受思维定势影响或生搬生搬 硬套知识点硬套知识点. 在高考前三四天，每天做在高考前三四天，每天做2篇，这样就把规律性篇，这样就把规律性的东西全部掌握了。的东西全部掌握了。 考试开始后趁头脑还清醒先做改错。考试开

35、始后趁头脑还清醒先做改错。 总之，要想从根本上提高改错解题总之，要想从根本上提高改错解题能力，就要打好基础。掌握解题技能力，就要打好基础。掌握解题技巧。多多阅读，培养语感，增强自巧。多多阅读，培养语感，增强自己辨错、纠错的能力。己辨错、纠错的能力。 My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US，which was very interested.One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help.A

36、s the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold，he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees.On the box was a card say：“ “25 cents each.”“You will never sell these for that much，” ”he told Nick.Convinced，Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece.Without a mome

37、nts delay，my neighbor picked up the box but announced：“ “Ill take them.” On a snowy winter night, a bus with 45 passenger had an accident because of the wet road. And all of them were trapping in the bus and what was worse, the bus ran out of gas and it is very cold in it. They could do nothing but

38、to wait for help. A man who lived nearby saw what happened. He and some villagers managed to open the door and helped all of them out of bus. He took them to his home but offered food and water and even some warm clothes to the children. They spent two days in their home and finally helps came. All

39、of them were thankful with their help. Dear Mrs Winthorp， So my first week at college is over! No lectures this morning so I think Id email you and let you know what things are going. Im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. I remember asking for a room as far away from the lift

40、s as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor. There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work. Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here. Well, I had better to stop now. Im going to attend mine firs

41、t lesson this afternoon, for Ive got some preparation to make. Keep in touch.Good morning! Today, my topic is the valuable of time. Time, like the proverb says, is money. This means that if our time is good spent, it will turn out a lot of useful and important piece of work when the proper opportuni

42、ty come. Although all time is precious, the time of our youth is more precious than any period of our existence because this is the period which we can acquire knowledge and develop our abilities. If we allow these morning hours to slip away, we shall never able to make up the loss. Let those who th

43、ink nothing of waste time remember this.Thank you for your listening!Dear Jin Jing， Your problem is common one among middle school students. Maybe the following advices can help you. First in all，believe in yourself. Your greatest problem is that you lack selfconfidence. The first thing you must do is to smile at your classmate. One smile speaks loud about your wish to make friends than any word. Your smile will show that you are friendly to him. Next，trying talki