独立主格结构与动名词复合结构

1、英语高考专题复习讲与练英语高考专题复习讲与练 独立主格结构独立主格结构 动名词复合结构动名词复合结构1.When I came in, I saw Dr.Li _ a patient.A.examine B.examiningC.to examine D.examined2.When I came in, I saw a boy _ by a doctor.A.examine B.examiningC.to examine D.examinedBD3._ a satisfactory operation , the patient recovered from illness very qui

2、ckly.A.Having been given B.Having givenC.Giving D.Being given4._a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon.A.Having been given B.Having givenC.Giving D.Being givenAB5.Finding her car stolen,_.A.a policeman was asked to helpB.the area was search

3、ed thoroughlyC.it was looked for everywhereD.she hurried to a policeman for help6.Faced with a bill for $10,000,_.A.John has taken an extra jobB.the boss has given John an extra jobC.an extra job has been takenD.an extra job has been given to JohnDA7.When _different cultures, we often pay attention

4、only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A.compared B.being comparedC.comparing D.having compared8._with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A.Compare B.When comparingC.Comparing D.When comparedCD9.His leg badly _, he had to stay in bed.A.was

5、 hurt B.hurtC.to hurt D.hurting=Because his leg was badly hurt, he had to stay in bed.10.All things_, he is fit for the job.A.considered B.was consideredC.are considered D.considering=If all things are considered, he is fit for the job.BA独立主格独立主格结构结构独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上加上非谓语动

6、词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。该结构构成的一种独立成分。该结构不是句子不是句子，也不是，也不是从句，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称从句，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化，它与其主句之间既不能通过并列连和数的变化，它与其主句之间既不能通过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导，常用逗号与其词连接也不能有从句引导词引导，常用逗号与其主句隔开。独立主格结构起主句隔开。独立主格结构起状语状语的作用，在很多的作用，在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或其他状语形情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或其他状语形式，但很多时候不能转化为分词

7、形式，因为它内式，但很多时候不能转化为分词形式，因为它内部动词的部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。在做这类。在做这类题目时一定要小心判断，不能粗心大意。题目时一定要小心判断，不能粗心大意。一、独立主格结构的构成形式一、独立主格结构的构成形式1. 名名/代（逻辑主语）代（逻辑主语）+分词分词(doing/done)1.Weather _, we will go out for a walk.A.permits B.permittedC.permitting D.to permit=If weather permits,we will.2._no bus, we had t

8、o walk home.A.There being B.Being C.Having been D.There wasA= Because there was no bus, we had to walk home.C3._, the train started.A.The signal givenB.Giving the signal C.The signal being givenD.The signal giving =After the signal was given,the train started. A4._, the text became easier for us to

9、learn. A.Explaining new words B.New words explained C.Being explained new wordsD.Having explained new words B= When new words were explained , the text became easier for us to learn.2 .名名/代（逻辑主语）代（逻辑主语）+不定式（不定式（to do）The exam_ tomorrow, I cant go to the cinema tonight.A.to hold B.being heldC.to be h

10、eld D.having been held=Because the exam is to be held tomorrow , I cant go to the cinema.C3.名名/代（逻辑主语）代（逻辑主语）+形形/副副 （名（名/代代+being +形形/副副, being可省略）可省略）1.Our lessons_, we went to play football.A.being over B.overC.were over D.A and B=When our lessons were over, we went to play football.D2._, you can

11、wait a while.A.The play being still on B.The play still on C Being still on the play D.A and B3._, so you can wait a whileA.The play is still on B.The play being still on C.As the play is still on D.The play still onDA4.名/代（逻辑主语）+介词短语 with+名名+介介+形物主代词形物主代词+名名The teacher came in, with a book in his h

12、and.名名+介介+名名The teacher came in , book in hand.B1.He left the office, _.A.tears being in eyes B.tears in eyes C.being tears in eyesD.with tears being in eyes1.She lay against the wall, the sun _ upon her.A.shine B.was shining C.shining D.shines2.Winter_, it is getting colder and colder.A.comes B.cam

13、eC.to come D.having comeCD3.The homework_,the child went home.A.finishing B.finishedC.to finish D.was finished4._the work made the boss very happy.A.His finishing B.FinishedC.He finished D.FinishingBA动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构带有逻辑主语的动名词叫做带有逻辑主语的动名词叫做“动名词复动名词复合结构合结构”1.名词所有格名词所有格/物主代词物主代词+动名词动名词I insist on Mary

14、s going there. His not coming made me very angry. 2.名词通格名词通格/人称代词宾格人称代词宾格+动名词动名词I know he doesnt mind me saying so.Do you remember Mary and her mother coming to see us last year?动名词复合结构的功能动名词复合结构的功能1. 作主语作主语 His coming home late worries his mother.Johns coming here will get us out of trouble.2.作宾语作宾

15、语I dont remember him/his giving me that book. Do you mind my smoking?I dont like the idea of our living here. He left the city without our knowing it .3.作表语作表语What is most important is Toms going there at once.The main trouble is their not having enough money.1.The discovery of new evidence led to _

16、.A. the thief having caught B. caught the thiefC. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught C 2. What caused the party to be put off? _ the invitations.A. Tom delayed sending B. Toms delaying sendingC. Tom delaying to send D. Tom delayed to sendB3. _ made her parents worried a lot.A. Her not

17、to come back B. Not her to come backC. Her not coming back D. Not her coming back4. -I must apologize for _ ahead of time. -Thats all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you knowCB1.-Id like to buy an expensive sports car. -Well, Jack, we hav

18、e got several models_.A.for choosing B.to chooseC.to choose from D.to be chosen from2.I would love_to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have goneC.going D.having goneCB3.Henry cant attend the party_at Toms house at present because he is preparing for

19、the speech at the party_at Marys house tomorrow.A.being held; to be heldB.held; being heldC.to be held; heldD.to be held; to be heldA4.European football is played in 80 countries,_it the most popular sport in the world.A.making B.makesC.made D.to make5.He hurried to the booking office only_ that all

20、 the tickets had been sold out.A.to tell B.to be toldC.telling D.told AB5.If _the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.A.giving B.give C.given D.being given6.The naughty boy tried several times to escape from school, _each time by his teacher.A.having been caughtB.unfortunately caughtC.always being caughtD.only to be caughtCD7.The boy was caught_in an examination and had to face the music.A.reading B.singingC.cheating D.performing8.-Do you have any clothes_, sir ? -No, thanks. I had my wife _ this morning.A.to wash; wash B.to