非谓语动词陷阱题总结归纳(学生版)

1、非谓语动词陷阱题总结归纳典型陷阱题分析1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _ a good college.A. enter B. to enter C. entering D. entered【陷阱】 容易误选 A 。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter 。【分析】 其实正确答案应是 B 。 此句为省略句, 即在 could 后省略了动词 do , 若把句子补完整应为 Everyone in our class was working hard and d

2、oing what we could do to enter a good college。 即句中的不定式短语 (to enter a good college是用作目的状语的,而不是与情态动词 (could一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句:(1 They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。(2 They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。(3 He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classma

3、tes. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。值得指出的是,这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带 to 不定式。请看以下试题:(4 He ran as fast as he could _ to catch the early bus.A. to hope B. hopeC. hoping D. hoped(5 He spent every minute he could _ spoken English.A. practice B. to practiseC. practicing D. practised(6 Before going abroad he devoted all he c

4、ould _ his oral English.A. improve B. to improveC. improving D. to improving2. He knows nothing about it, so he cant help _ any of your work.A. doing B. to do C. being doing D. to be done【陷阱】 容易误选 B ,根据 cant help doing sth 这一结构推出。【分析】 其实答案应选 A 。比较以下结构:cant help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth

5、 = 禁不住做某事,情不自禁地做某事1 She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A cleaning B. to cleanC. cleaned D. being cleaned2 Whi le shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A. to persuade B. persuadingC. being persuaded D. be persuaded3. All her time _ e

6、xperiments, she has no time for films.A. devoted to do B. devoted to doingC. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】 此题最佳答案为 B 。现分析如下:(1 devote 意为 “ 致力于,献身于 ” ,主要用 devoteto 或 be devoted to,其中的 to 是介词,不是不定式 符号,故后接动词时要用动名词,不用不定式。(2 选 A 错误:若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。(3 选 B 正确:all her time

7、 devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构,用作状语。(4 选 C 错误:因为 all her time 与 devote 为被动关系,故应将 devoting 改为 devoted 。(5 选 D 错误:若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments,此句并没有错,但问题是逗号前后两 个简单句没有必要的连接方式,所以从整体上看仍不对,假若在后一句的句首加上 and 或 so ,则可选 D , 或将 D 将中的 is 改为 being 也可选它。(1 All the preparations for the pr

8、oject _, were ready to start.A. completed B. have been completedC. had been completed D. been completed(2 Such _ the case, I couldnt help but_ him.A. being, support B. was, supportC. has been, supporting D. is, to support比较以下各题:(1 All the preparations for the project _, and were ready to start.A. co

9、mpleted B. have been completedC. had been completed D. been completed(2 Such _ the case, I couldnt help but_ him.A. being, support B. was, supportC. has been, supporting D. is, to support4. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.A. not make B. not to makeC. not m

10、aking D. do not make【陷阱】 容易误选 C ,受题干中的逗号的影响,认为是现在分词表结果的用法。【分析】 其实答案应选 B ,句中的逗号相当于连词 and 或 but , not to make it more difficult 是对逗号前的 不定式 to make life easier 的补充说明。此句的意思是 “ 新技术的目的是为了使生活变得更容易,而不是使 生活变得更困难 ” 。两个不定式同时用以说明句子主语 purpose 的内容。请做以下类似试题(答案选 B : The purpose of the scheme is not to help the empl

11、oyers but _ work for young people.A. provide B. to provideC. providing D. provided5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.A. to be tied B. being tiedC. tied D. having tied【陷阱】 容易误选 B 。【分析】 最佳答案为 C 。从意义上看, hands 与 tie 的关系应属被动关系,故排除 D 。在 A 、 B 、 C 三个选 项中,选项 A 比较容易排除,因为不定式表示将来意

12、义,在此与语境不符。现将 B 和 C 作一比较:B 为 现在分词的被动式,它表示两层意义,一是表被动,二是表进行,也就是说 his hands being tied 的实际意 思是 “ 他的手正在被捆住 ” ,这显然与语境不符。而 C 为过去分词,它也表示两层意义,一是表被动,二是 表示动词的完成或完成后的状态, 此句中的 with his hands tied behind his back 可视为手被捆在背后的一种 状态。由此可知最佳答案为 C 。请看下面一题:Anyone _ trying to take knives on heard flights would be caught b

13、y the police.A. finds B. foundC. being found D. will find比较下面两题, (1 The court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welcome to see a case _.A. argued B. to be arguedC. to be arguing D. being argued(2 The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough or by the sound of pages

14、 _. A. turned B. having turnedC. to be turned D. being turned6. Remind me _ the medicine tomorrow.A. of taking B. takingC. to take D. take【陷阱】 容易误选 A 。受 remind sb of (doing sth 这一常用结构的影响。【分析】 最佳答案为 C 。比较以下三个结构:remind sb of about sth = 使某人想起某事remind sb of doing sth = 提醒某人做过某事(暗示动作已发生remind sb to do s

15、th = 提醒某人去做某事(暗示动作尚未发生请看例句:I reminded him of his promise. 我提醒他做过的诺言。My wife reminded me of seeing that film. 我妻子提醒我曾经看过那部电影。Can you remind me to phone her tomorrow? 你明天能否提醒我给她打电话 ?7. Once your business becomes international, _ constantly will be part of your life.A. you fly B. your flight C. flight

16、D. flying【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】 最佳答案为 D 。由于空格后出现了 constantly 这一副词,这就说明不能选 B 或 C ,因为 B 、 C 均 为名词,不能受副词 constantly 的修饰。 A 和 D 均是可能的,因为其中有动词 fly 。但若选 A , you fly 是 一个主谓结构,与其后的谓语 will be 相冲突,所以只能选 D ,即动名词 flying 在此用作主语。8. Not only should you get used _ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more

17、 attention _ your work well.A. to work, to do B. to working, to doingC. to work, to doing D. to working, to do【陷阱】 容易误选 A ,认为两个空白处均应填不定式。【分析】 正确答案为 B , 因为 get used to与 pay attention to 这两个结构中的 to 均为介词, 不是不定式符号, 故后接动词时要用动名词,不能动词原形。类似地,以下各结构中的 to 也是介词,不是不定式符号,后 接动词时也应用动名词,而不是动词原形:look forward to doing

18、 sth 盼望做某事be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事object to doing sth反对做某事stick to doing sth 坚持做某事get down to doing sth 开始做某事take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事admit to doing 承认做了某事pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事devote ones time to doing sth 把某人的时间用于 (奉献于 做某事be equal to doing sth 等于做某事,能胜任做某事What do you say to doing sth

19、 你认为做某事怎么样9. Both of my parents insisted _ a computer for me, but I dont think it is necessary.A. to buy B. buying C. on buying D. in buying【陷阱】 容易误选 B ,误认为 insist 后不能接不定式,但可以接动名词。【分析】 答案应选 C 。其实,动词 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词,因为 insist 通常用作不及物 动词; 若语义上需接宾语, 要借助介词 on 或 upon , 即用于 insist on upon (doing st

20、h; 但它有时的确也可 用作及物动词,不过其宾语通常只能是 that 从句,而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。如:He insisted on seeing her home. 他坚持送她回家。I insisted that he (should stay. 我坚持要他留下。10. “Do you have anything more _, sir?” “No. You can have a rest or do something else.”A. typing B. to be typedC. typed D. to type【陷阱】 容易误选 D ,根据 have sth to do 这

21、一常用结构推出。【分析】 最佳答案是 B 。确实,在 “have+宾语 +不定式 ” 结构中,用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动 含义, 如 I have some clothes to wash等, 即尽管其中的 some clothes 与其后的不定式 to wash 具有被动关 系, 但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。 但值得指出的是, 这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系, 如 I have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同, 即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you 来完成的,而

22、是由说话者 “ 我 ” 来完成的。比较:Are you going to Shanghai? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上海吗?你有什么东西要带给 你儿子吗?Im going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去上海, 我随身要带很多 东西去。11. She took her son, ran out of the house, _ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest

23、doctors office. A. put B. to put C. putting D. having put【陷阱】 容易误选 B 或 C ,误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法。【分析】 正确答案选 A 。句中的 took, ran, put, drove 为四并列的谓语动词,其时态应一致。类似地如I got out of the taxi, _ the fare and dashed into the station.A. paid B. payingC. to pay D. having paid下面一题稍有不同:Hearing the news, he rushed out, _ the

24、 book _ on the table and disappeared into the distance.A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying openC. leaving; lie opened D. left; lay opened12. The boss insisted that every minute _ made full use of _ the work well.A. be, to do B. was, doingC. be, doing D. was, to do【陷阱】 容易误选 B 。【分析】 其实正确答案是 A 。分析如下:(

25、1 第一空填 be ,是因为 insisted 后接 that 从句,从句谓语要用 “should+动词原形 ” 这样的虚拟语气,其中 的 should 也可省略。(2 第二空要填 to do,是因为此句谓语为被动语态,假若将此句转换成主动语态,则是 should make full use of every minute to do the work well, 句中涉及 make use of to do sth (利用 做某事 这一结构。 另外, 还有 make the most of (尽量利用 , make the best of (尽量利用 等短语也可能用于此类试题。请看以下类似例

26、子:(1 The old professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of _ the power station.A. to build B. buildingC. build D. built(2 Does the way you thought of _ the water clean make any sense?A. making B. to makeC. how to make D. having made13. The managers discussed the plan that they

27、would like to see _ the next year.A. carried out B. carrying outC. carry out D. to carry out【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】 答案选 A 。此句结构较复杂,现分析如下:(1 that they would like to see _ the next year 是修饰名词 the plan 的定语从句。(2 由于 the plan 与空格处的 carry out 有被动关系,故填过去分词 carried out。请做以下类似试题:(1 Who do you think youd like _

28、with you, a boy or a girl?A. to have go B. to have to goC. to have gone D. having to go(2 Who did the boss _ his car this time?A. make wash B. make to washC. make washing D. making to wash(3 You can never imagine what great difficulty I had _ your house all by myself.A. found B. findingC. to find D.

29、 for finding14. How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _ at last.A. to has come B. to have comeC. to having come D. has come【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】 其实正确答案是 A 。大家知道,短语 look forward to意为 “ 盼望 ” ,其中的 to 是介词,而不是不 定式符号, 所以后接动词要用动名词, 许多同学据此便选择了 C 。 但问题是, 句中介词 to 的宾语不是 have come ,而是 the h

30、oliday。正解的句子分析是:the holiday为句子主语, we have been looking forward to 是修 饰主语的定语从句 (介词 to 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that ,被省略 , has come 是句子谓语。 请做以下类似试题:(1 The man you referred to _ just now.A. comes B. comeC. coming D. came(2 The theory he sticks to _ to be of no use in our studies.A. proves B. proveC. proving D

31、. be proved(3 The work he devoted his time to _ worth praising.A. was B. beC. being D. been(4 I think this is the very work that we must finish _ her.A. to help B. helpC. helping D. helped(5 Which do you enjoy _ your weekend, swimming or fishing?A. spending B. being spentC. spend D. to spend(5 What

32、the boy enjoys _ to have a room of his own.A. being B. to beC. is D. are(6 Nothing that he suggested _ to be of any use.A. prove B. proved C. proving D. to prove(7 The old house we paid a visit _ at the top of the hill.A. standing B. to standC. to standing D. to stands(8 The life he is now used _ qu

33、ite different from ours.A. is B. to beC. to being D. to is(9 The work he paid special attention _ to nothing.A. came B. to comeC. to coming D. to came(10 The result what he said would lead _ his regret in the future. A. is B. to beC. to being D. to was15. _ the road round to the right and youll find

34、 his house.A. Follow B. FollowingC. To follow D. Followed【陷阱】 容易误选 B 或 C ,误认为这是非谓语动词作状语。【分析】 正确答案选 A 。根据句中的连词 and 可推知它是一个并列句。 假若将此题改为下面这样,则答案为 :_ the road round to the right, youll find his house.A. Follow B. FollowingC. To follow D. Followed但是,若改成下面一题这样,则答案为 :_ the road round to the right, the blin

35、d man asked a boy to guide him. A. Follow B. FollowingC. To follow D. Followed请做以下试题(1 _ to the top of the hill, and you can see the whole of the town. A. Get B. To getC. Getting D. Having got(2 _ the milk and set a good example to the other children.A. Drink B. To drinkC. Drinking D. Having drinkin

36、g (3 _ me, and then try to copy what I do.A. Watch B. WatchingC. To watch D. Have watching(4 _ through this book and tell me what you think of it.A. Look B. LookingC. To look D. Having looked(5 _ it with me and Ill see what I can do.A. Leave B. LeavingC. If you leave D. When left(6 _ down the radio

37、the babys asleep in the next room.A. Turn B. TurningC. to turn D. To have turned(7 _ some of this juice perhaps you will like it.A. Try B. TryingC. To try D. To have tried(8 _ him enough time to get home before you telephone.A. Give B. To giveC. Giving D. Given(9 _ left when you get to the end of th

38、e street.A. Keep B. KeepingC. To keep D. Kept(10 _ your hand over your mouth when you cough.A. Put B. PuttingC. To put D. To be putting(11_ until the lights have turned to green.A. Wait B. To waitC. Waiting D. Having waited(12 _ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them toge

39、ther.A. Join B. To joinC. Joining D. Joined(13 I dont want to listen a long story just _ me the result.A. tell B. tellingC. to tell D. to be telling(14 Why stand there watching _ and help us!A. come B. comingC. to come D. to be coming(15 Dont waste your money on silly things _ it.A. save B. to saveC

40、. saving D. having saved(16 First _ the rice by washing it, then _ it in boiling water.A. prepare, cook B. preparing, cookingC. preparing, cook D. prepare, cooking(17 To test eggs, _ them in a bowl of water: if they float theyre bad, if they sink theyre good. A. put B. puttingC. to put D. to be putt

41、ing(18 _ French well, she went to France to live with his cousins.A. Study B. To studyC. Studying D. Having studied(19 _ late in the morning, Mr. Smith turned off the alarm.A. Sleep B. To sleepC. Sleeping D. Having slept(20 _ the flies out, we had to shut all the doors and windows.A. Keep B. To keep

42、C. Keeping D. Having kept(21 _ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.A. Improving B. To improveC. Improve D. Having improved精编陷阱题训练1. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. put B. to be puttingC. to put D. putting2. When youre

43、learning to drive, _ a good teacher makes a big difference.A. have B. havingC. and have D. and having3. I felt it a great honor _ to speak to you.A. to ask B. askingC. to be asked D. having asked4. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to go B. to

44、 have goneC. going D. having gone5. Before you decide to leave your job, _ the effect it will have on your family.A. consider B. consideringC. to consider D. considered6. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.A. to have studied B. to studyC. to be studying D. to have be

45、en studying7. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A. it what to do with B. what to do it withC. what to do with it D. to do what with it8. Anyone _ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.A. seen carry B. seen carryingC. saw to carry D. saw carryin

46、g9. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children.A. set up B. setting upC. have set up D. having set up10. The discovery of new evidence led to _.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thiefC. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught11. She looks forwar

47、d every spring to _ the flower-lined garden.A. visit B. paying a visitC. walk in D. walking in12. To test eggs, _ them in a bowl of water: if they float theyre bad, if they sink theyre good.A. put B. puttingC. to put D. to be putting13. “Where is David?” “He is upstairs _ ready to go out.”A. to get

48、B. gettingC. to be getting D. having got14. “Mum, why do you always make me eatan egg every day?” “_ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.”A. Get B. GettingC. To get D. to be getting15. He was reading his book, completely _ to the world.A. lost B. losingC. to lose D. to have lost16. We

49、 looked everywhere for the keys, but they are nowhere _.A. to find B. to have foundC. to be found D. being found17. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.A. not to B. not to doC. not do it D. do not do18. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the

50、kitchen.A. smoke B. smokingC. to smoke D. smoked19. Finding her car stolen, _.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searching thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help20. “How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?” “T

51、he key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.”A. to solving, making B. to solving, madeC. to solve, making D. to solve, made21. “What do you think made Mary so upset?” “_ her new bike.”A. As she lost B. LostC. Losing D. Because of losing22. The research is so designed that once _ no

52、thing can be done to change it.A. begins B. having begunC. beginning D. begun23. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lacked B. lacking ofC. lacking D. lacked in24. Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.A. having not been invited B. not having invitedC. having not invi

53、ted D. not having been invited25. Though I have often heard this song _. I have never heard you _ it.A. being sung, sang B. sang, singingC. sung, sing D. to be sung, to sing26. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _ to.A. spoken B. speakingC. speak D. be spoken28. When I handed the repo

54、rt to John, he said that George was the person _.A. to send B. for sending itC. to send it to D. for sending it to29. _ on time, this medicine will be quite effective.A. Taking B. Being takenC. Taken D. Having taken30. The film star walked to his car, _ a crowd of journalists.A. followed by B. follo

55、wing byC. to follow D. to be followed by31. After describing the planned improvements, she went on _ how much they would cost.A. to explain B. explainingC. to be explaining D. having explained32. Please excuse me _ your letter by mistake.A. to open B. to have openedC. for opening D. in opening33. Please remember _ the plants while Im away.A. watering B. to be wateringC. to water D. being watering34. Certainly