with复合结构专项练习

1、with复合结构专项练习(一1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it.(2007 安徽A. finishedB. finishingC. having finishedD. was finished2. Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _?(2009 全国卷1A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take3. You have no

2、idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much.(2008 福建A. forB. whenC. withD. while4. -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. (2007 福建A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled5. John received an invitation to

3、 dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it.(2007安徽A. finishedB. finishingC. having finishedD. was finished6. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.(2005 北京A. going onB. goes onC. went onD. to go on7. _ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patie

4、nt sought her doctors help to end her life. (2005江西A. Having given up hope of cureB. With no hope for cureC. There being hope for cureD. In the hope of cure8. _ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004 北京A. WithB. BesidesC. As for D/ Because of9. It was a pity that the

5、 great writer died _ his works unfinished.(2004 福建A. forB. withC. fromD. of10. _ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.(2000 全国卷A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through答案:1.A2. C3. C4. B5. A6. A7. B8. A9. B 10. Cwith复合结构专项练习(二一请选择最佳答案1With nothing_to burn,the fire became weak and fina

6、lly died out.A.leavingB.leftC.leaveD.toleave2The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_on the wall.A.fixingB.fixedC.to be fixingD.to be fixed3I live in the house with its door_to the south.(这里with结构作定语A.facingB.facesC.facedD.being faced4They pretended to be working hard all night with

7、their lights_.A.burnB.burntC.burningD.to burn二:用with复合结构完成下列句子1_(有很多工作要做,I couldn't go to see the doctor.2She sat_(低着头。3The day was bright_.(微风吹拂4_,(心存梦想he went to Hollywood.三把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。1Because our lessons were over,we went to play football._.2The children came running towards us an

8、d held some flowers in their hands._.3My mother is ill,so I won't be able to go on holiday._.4An exam will be held tomorrow,so I couldn't go to the cinema tonight._.答案及分析答案(一:1答案是B.with的宾语nothing和动词leave是被动关系,所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。2答案是B.短语fix one's eyes onsth是“盯着看”的意思,所以句中hereyes和动词fix是被动关系,所以

9、用过去分词。3答案是A.face“朝、向”,是不及物动词,所以和itsdoor是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。4答案是C.burn“点燃、发亮、发光”,是不及物动词,所以和theirlights是主动关系,所以用现在分词。答案(二:1With a lot of work to do2with her head bent3with a fresh breeze blowing4With a dream in heart答案(三:1With our lessons over ,we went to play football.2The children came running towards u

10、s with the flowers in their hands.3With my mother being will,I won't be able to go on holiday.4With the exam to be held tomorrow,I couldn't go to the cinema tonight.with复合结构专项练习(三1. BBC English broadcasts programmes for China _ explanation in Chinese.A. inB.forC.withD.as2. The young woman _

11、a baby sleeping in her arms was wandering in the street.A. withB.becauseC. onD. like3. Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off.A. asB. withC. forD. on4. _ so many homework to do, Mary wont have time to play with her friends this morning.A. WithoutB. WithC. ByD. Because5. _ the door ope

12、n, the noise of the machines is almost deafening.A. BecauseB. AsC. WithD. Because of6. _ his mother out, he had to stay at home alone.A. AsB.ForC. BecauseD. With7. _ all things considered, her proposal is of greater than hisA. LikeB.WithC. OnD. Without8. _ time permitting, we will visit the Summer P

13、alace.A. ByB. OnC. WithD. As参考答案:1-8 CABBCDBC介词with复合结构相关的高考试题:1.(NMET.2000 _ production up by 60 % , the company has had another excellent year.A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through解析 答案 C。本题考查介词with的复合结构“with + n / pron + prep. phrase(介词短语”的用法。“as”作为连词,意为“因为、由于”,其后必须跟从句;作为介词,意为“作为”,从语法和句意方面都不能用。而for和throug

14、h在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在这里应用with,意思是“因为、由于”。句意是:由于生产(产品上升了60% ,这家公司又有了一个辉煌年。2.(Beijing. 2004 _two exams to worry about , I have to work really hard this weekend.A. BesidesB. WithC. As forD. Because of解析 答案 B。这道题也是考查介词with复合结构用法的。从句子的结构看这里必须要填一个介词,而不能填连词,“as for” 意思是“至于、关于”;because of意思是“由于、因为”,其后不能跟复合结构,所

15、以不能选择C和D。在所给的选项中只有with才符合构成“ with + n / pron + to do ”结构。句意是:由于担心这两门考试,本周末我得真的用功了1>“with + n / pron + v-ing” 这一结构在句子中作伴随状语,说明情况,其中现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作。例如: _our food _, we had to walk to a village for help.(成都毕业班第一次诊断试题A. Since; runs outB. Because; run outC. With; running outD. For; running out解析 答案 C

16、。“since、because、for”作“由于、因为”讲,是连词,其后只能跟从句,不能跟复合结构,所以不能选A、B、D。由于 run out是不及物动词短语且与our food之间存在主谓关系所以只能用 running out 结构, with在这里表示原因,故答案是C。句意是:在我们的食物快要用完的情况下,我们不得不向附近的村子求援。.When mother went into the house, sh e found her baby was sleeping in bed, _ his lips moving.A. asB. withC. forD. through解析 答案 B。该

17、题是考查介词短语用作状语用法的。“as”作为连词,意为“因为、由于”,其后必须跟从句;作为介词,意为“作为”,从语法和句意方面都不符合;而for和through在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在所给的选项当中,只有with才可以构成这一复合结构,用作表示伴随情况的状语,故选B。句意是:当妈妈走进房子的时候,她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上,嘴唇一直在动。2>.“with + n / pron +v-ed. ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语,其中过去分词表示被动或完成了的动作。例如:-You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs

18、 Smith .-Yes, I know .But how could I _the meeting date fixed so soon .(2005东北三校联考A. whileB. asC. afterD. with解析 答案:D。在所给的选项当中,只有as与with有“由于、因为” 之意,而as是连词,其后必须跟从句,所以不能用在这里。只有with符合这一用法,构成复合结构,用作表示原因的状语,代词I之后省略了动词prepare。句意是:因为会议日期确定的太快了,我还没有准备好。_ more and more forests damaged ,some animals and plant

19、s are facing the danger of dying out .(2005石家庄市高三调研试题A. AsB. ForC. WithD. By解析 答案C。此题考查with复合结构“with + n / pron +v-ed. ”的用法,在这里表示原因。as和for常常引导的是一个表示原因的句子,而介词by显然没有这种用法。句意是:由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏,一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。Many large cities, such as Liverpool and New York , have had experiments of this kind, _ old factor

20、ies turned into successful art centers.(南京市高三模拟试题A. forB. with C .as D .like解析 答案B。本题也是考查with复合结构用法的,表示一种伴随情况。介词for与as虽具有“由于、因为” 之意,但其后要跟从句,like没有“由于、因为” 之意,应该排除A、C、D,答案是B。句意是:随着旧工厂被成功地改制为艺术中心,许多大城市(如利物浦和纽约都做着这方面的尝试。3>“with + n / pron + to do ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语,其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。例如:_so much homework to

21、do , I won't have time to go to see the film tonight.A. WithB. ToC. ForD. In解析 答案A。这里用介词 with的复合结构作状语表示原因,而to、for、in则没有这种复合结构用法,故排除B、C、D,答案是B。句意是:由于有许多家庭作业要去做,今晚我没有时间去看电影了。再如:With nothing to do , I sat down watching TV.4>“with + n / pron + prep. phrase .”这一结构在句子中作伴随状语,表示状态或说明情况或作定语。例如:_and no

22、 way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor 's help to end her life .(2005年江苏省高考试题A .Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cureC . There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure解析 答案 B。此题考查with的复合结构作状语的用法。逗号前的内容作状语,该部分是由介词with构成的短语及

23、现在分词短语suffering from the terrible disease构成的,介词with有两个宾语,分别是 no hope for cure和no way to reduce her pain。句意是:这位病人由于没有治愈的希望和减轻其痛苦的方法,她饱受疾病煎熬,于是请求大夫结束她的生命。John starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon _a break at midday .A. forB. withC. inD. as解析 答案 B。此

24、题考查介词短语作状语。即“with + n / pron + prep. phrase” 。句意是:约翰早上开始工作,中午稍作休息后又接着工作到下午稍晚些时候。5>.“with + n / pron + adj ” 这一结构常作伴随性状语,表示状态。例如:It was cold outside , the boy ran into the room _ his nose red.A. toB. onC. inD. with解析 答案 D。这个句子是考查with 的复合结构用法的,用with +名词(nose+形容词(red作状语表示伴随情况。而to、on 、in 作为介词则没有这种用法,

25、故排除A、B、C,答案为D。句意是:外面天气很冷,那个男孩跑进了屋子时,鼻子红红的。再如:Tom's father is used to sleeping with the window open.6>. “with + n / pron + adv ”这一结构在句子中常作伴随状语,表示情况或状态。例如:_all the representatives (代表still not there , the meeting was postponed for several months.A. WithoutB. WithC. ByD. Because解析 答案 B。这里应填入一个介词

26、结构以表示原因或状态,而在所给的选项中without 具有否定意义,不能用在这里;by则表示方式、手段等;because后则要跟从句,只有with具有这种用法,所以选B。句意是:在代表仍然不在场的情况下,会议被推迟了好几个月。类似的,再如:With so many students away , we have got more room.7> “with + n / pron + n ”在句中作定语或状语。如:He died with his son yet a school boy .1. BBC English broadcasts programmes for China _ e

27、xplanation in Chinese.A. inB.forC.withD.as2. The young woman _ a baby sleeping in her arms was wandering in the street.A. withB.becauseC. onD. like3. Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off.A. asB. withC. forD. on4. _ so many homework to do, Mary wont have time to play with her friends

28、 this morning.A. WithoutB. WithC. ByD. Because5. _ the door open, the noise of the machines is almost deafening.A. BecauseB. AsC. WithD. Because of6. _ his mother out, he had to stay at home alone.A. AsB.ForC. BecauseD. With7. _ all things considered, her proposal is of greater than hisA. LikeB.With

29、C. OnD. Without8. _ time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.A. ByB. OnC. WithD. As参考答案:1-8 CABBCDBCwith结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。一、with结构的构成它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部

30、分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下:1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词;2. with或without-名词/代词+副词;3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语;4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式;5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。下面分别举例:1、She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语2、With the meal over , we

31、 all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。 The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语 He could not fi

32、nish it without me to help him.(without+代词+不定式,作条件状语5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语 Without anything left in the with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。一、with结构的构成它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或wi

33、thout的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下:1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词;2. with或without-名词/代词+副词;3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语;4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式;5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。下面分别举例:1、She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+

34、形容词,作伴随状语2、With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。 The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.

35、(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语 He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词+不定式,作条件状语5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语 Without anything left in the cupboard, shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语二、with结构的用法在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句

36、。With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如:1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs.2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.三、with结构的特点1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与

37、第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓关系,也就是说,可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。例如:With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰(He was taken good care of. She fell asleep with the light burning. (The light was burning. With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. (Her hair was gone.2. 在with结构中,第一部分为人称代词时

38、,则该用宾格代词。例如:He could not finish it without me to help him.四、几点说明:1. with结构在句子中的位置:with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面,不用逗号分开。若with结构作定语,则放在所修饰的名词之后,一般不用逗号隔开。2. with结构作状语时,不定式、现在分词、和过去分词的区别:在with结构中,不定式、现在分词作宾补,表示主动,但是不定式表示将要发生的动作,而现在分词表示正在发生或发生了的动作;过去分词表示被动或完成。例如:With the

39、boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已领过路With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天将领路He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寝室被关着3. with结构与一般的with短语的区别:with结构具有上述功能和特点,而"介词with+名词或代词(组"组成的一般的with短语在句子中可以作定语和状语。作状语时,它能表示动作的方式、原因,但不能表示时间、伴随

40、和条件。在一般的with短语中,with后面所跟的不是复合结构,也根本没有逻辑上的主谓关系。4. with结构与独立主格结构的关系:with结构属于独立主格结构,但在结构上,with结构由介词with或without引导,名词前有冠词、形容词、所有格代词或其它词类所修饰,结构较松散;而独立主格结构没有with或without引导,结构严密,名词前可用可不用修饰语。在句法功能上,with结构可以作定语,独立主格结构则不能;独立主格结构通常在句中作状语,但也可以作主语,而with结构则不能。独立主格在口语中不常用,往往由一个从句代替,而with结构较口语化,较常用。例如:There were ro

41、ws of white houses with trees in front of them.("with+复合宾语"结构,在句中作定语A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名词+现在分词构成的独立主格结构,作主语The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(独立主格结构,表示伴随状况或行为方式,作状语Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed

42、 in,sword in hand.(名词+介词短语构成的独立主格结构,作状语,表示伴随情况 board, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语二、with结构的用法在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句。With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如:1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs.2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few

43、 patches of land sticking out above the water.3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.三、with结构的特点1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓关系,也就是说,可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。例如:With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰(He was taken g

44、ood care of. She fell asleep with the light burning. (The light was burning. With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. (Her hair was gone.2. 在with结构中,第一部分为人称代词时,则该用宾格代词。例如:He could not finish it without me to help him.四、几点说明:1. with结构在句子中的位置:with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表示方式和

45、伴随状况时一般放在句子后面,不用逗号分开。若with结构作定语,则放在所修饰的名词之后,一般不用逗号隔开。2. with结构作状语时,不定式、现在分词、和过去分词的区别:在with结构中,不定式、现在分词作宾补,表示主动,但是不定式表示将要发生的动作,而现在分词表示正在发生或发生了的动作;过去分词表示被动或完成。例如:With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已领过路With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天将领路H

46、e lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寝室被关着3. with结构与一般的with短语的区别:with结构具有上述功能和特点,而"介词with+名词或代词(组"组成的一般的with短语在句子中可以作定语和状语。作状语时,它能表示动作的方式、原因,但不能表示时间、伴随和条件。在一般的with短语中,with后面所跟的不是复合结构,也根本没有逻辑上的主谓关系。4. with结构与独立主格结构的关系:with结构属于独立主格结构,但在结构上,with结构由介词with或without引导,名词前有冠词、形容词、所有格代词或其它词

47、类所修饰,结构较松散;而独立主格结构没有with或without引导,结构严密,名词前可用可不用修饰语。在句法功能上,with结构可以作定语,独立主格结构则不能;独立主格结构通常在句中作状语,但也可以作主语,而with结构则不能。独立主格在口语中不常用,往往由一个从句代替,而with结构较口语化,较常用。例如:There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.("with+复合宾语"结构,在句中作定语A strong man working a whole day could not jump this

48、high.(名词+现在分词构成的独立主格结构,作主语The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(独立主格结构,表示伴随状况或行为方式,作状语Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名词+介词短语构成的独立主格结构,作状语,表示伴随情况with复合结构是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型,也是考查的热点。请看下面的句子。There was an electric bell that did not work,

49、with a card next to it bearing the name“Mr.James Dillingham Young”。在这个句子中,with+名词+介词短语构成复合结构在句子中作状语。Now we were on our feet with another 500 miles to go.在这个句子中,with+名词+to do构成复合结构在句子中作状语。1.with复合结构的构成with+宾语+宾语补足语,构成with复合结构,宾语可以是名词或是代词,宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关

50、系。1With+宾语+介词短语He was asleep with his head on his arms.2with+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.He lay in bed with his head covered.3with+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系With winter coming on,it's time to buy warm clothes.4with+宾语+todo(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义I can't go out with

51、all these dishes to wash.5with+宾语+形容词/副词With John away,we've got more room.Andersonwas lying on the bed with all his clothes on.2.with复合结构的作用with复合结构在句子中作状语,表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。请阅读下面的句子。1We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.(作伴随状语2She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled

52、.(作原因状语3He lay in bed with his head covered.(作方式状语4Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.(作伴随状语5I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.(作原因状语6He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.(作方式状语注:with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语,阅读下面的句子。1There was a letter for Lanny with a Swis

53、s stamp on it.(作定语修饰letter2It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.(作定语修饰a stretch of country-练习1:请选择最佳答案1With nothing_to burn,the fire became weak and finally died out.A.leavingB.leftC.leaveD.toleave2The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_on the wall.A.fixingB.

54、fixedC.to be fixingD.to be fixed3I live in the house with its door_to the south.(这里with结构作定语A.facingB.facesC.facedD.being faced4They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights_.A.burnB.burntC.burningD.to burn练习2:用with复合结构完成下列句子1_(有很多工作要做,I couldn't go to see the doctor.2She sat_(低着

55、头。3The day was bright_.(微风吹拂4_,(心存梦想he went to Hollywood.练习3:把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。1Because our lessons were over,we went to play football._.2The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands._.3My mother is ill,so I won't be able to go on holiday._.4An exam will be held tomorrow,so I couldn't go to the cinema tonight._.答案及分析答案(练习1:1答案是B.with的宾语nothing