望帆关于初级写作Interactive Writing 3-

1、望帆关于初级写作Interactive Writing 3-4 考前答疑VOB的发言大纲Writing Checklist:1Typical Errors:21. Ineffective Sentence Fragments:22. Run-on Sentences:23. Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers:34. Parallelism:35. Article and preposition:36. Tense:47. Collocation and coherence:48. Capitalization and Italics:5Interactive W

2、riting 3(related writing topics)6Interactive Writing 4 (related writing topics) :7Writing Checklist: Think about the following questions as you revise your own writing. 1. Content a. Is the story/narration/description/argument clear? b. Is the information relevant?   2. Organization a

3、. Is the organization clear?b. Is there an interesting and relevant title? c. Are there good topic sentences, ending remark?   3. Cohesion and Style a. Is there variation in your words and expressions? b. Is there sufficient description, i.e., enough details that c. Can the reader fol

4、low the sequence, but not so many that the reader loses interest in the story? 4. Grammar a. What is the general context for this descriptionb. Is the correct form of the past/present continuous tense used?c. Is correct sentence structure used, e.g., no run-on sentences; no sentence fragments?

5、d. Are words appropriate/correct?  5. Form a. Is it a letter writing? Does it need special format?b. Are commas used correctly? c. Is quotation punctuation used correctly? d. Are the words in the title correctly capitalized?  Typical Errors:1. Ineffective Sentence Fragments:Ineffectiv

6、e sentence fragments reflect incomplete or confused thinking. They can be a single words, a phrase, a subordinate clauses or any other word group which violates the accepted subject-verb pattern.Sample 1:Fragment: The next afternoon we came to the waterfall. The most beautiful sight on our journey.R

7、evision: The next afternoon we came to the waterfall, the most beautiful sight on our journey. (in the original sentence appositive phrase are used as sentence)Sample 2: Fragment: He finally decided to leave school. Because he was utterly bored with his work and was failing all his courses.Revision:

8、 He finally decided to leave school because he was utterly bored with his work and was failing all his courses. (in the original sentence, subordinate clause are used as sentence)Sample 3:Fragment: The man who talked for an hour not realizing everyone was bored. Revision 1: The man who talked for an

9、 hour did not realizing everyone was bored.Revision 2: The man talked for an hour, not realizing everyone was bored. 2. Run-on Sentences: A run-on sentence is two or more complete thoughts( or independent clauses) that are run together with no adequate sign given to mark the break between them.Sampl

10、e 1:Fragment: A man is drowning in the water, maybe he has just fallen overboard.Revision 1: A man is drowning in the water. Maybe he has just fallen overboard. (2 sentences)Revision 2: A man is drowning in the water; maybe he has just fallen overboard. (using a semi-colon to connect) ( The second o

11、ption is better because it ties the two ideas closer together.)Sample 2:Fragment: From your home, you can call taxi, to forward to north along the East third ring, when you arrive the ANHUA flyover, turn right to North, then you should pass a panda island and continually to forward to North, when yo

12、u arrive first cross, turn left to West, and then turn right when you arrive a cross, go on to North, and turn left when you see a small cross. In there, youll find some beautiful buildings, called “HUATING JIAYUAN”, Im living beside them.Revision: From your place, take a taxi north along East Third

13、 Ring Road. At the Anhua flyover, turn right and head north. Keep your eye open for Panda Island. It will be on your right. At the first intersection past Panda Island, turn left. Then at the next intersection, turn right. Continue straight ahead and at the first small intersection, the one without

14、a light, turn left. Youll see a big sign saying, “HuaTing JiaYuan”. I live in Building 56, Unit 2, Room 101.3. Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers:Misplaced or Dangling Modifiers break the fundamental rule. They change the sense of the sentence and sometimes even make it meaningless or ridiculous. Samp

15、le 1:Misplaced: Sometimes he writes letters to his girl friend in class, and sometimes he reads novels under the desk. .( The entire sentence needs to be re-written so that modifiers are closer to the words they are meant to modify.)Revision: In class, he sometimes writes letters to his girlfriend,

16、and sometimes he reads novels while hiding them under the deskSample 2:Misplaced: On Sunday I almost walked to the park. (this sentence implies that the writer decided not to go for a walk. However, this is not what he means)Revision: On Sunday I walked almost to the park.Sample 3: Dangling: Swimmin

17、g in the lake, a rock cut my foot.Revision: Swimming in the lake, I had my foot cut on a rock.Sample 4: Dangling: To apply, an application form must be filled out. Revision: To apply, you must fill out an application form. 4. Parallelism:Parallelism is the rhetorical principle that sentence elements

18、 having the same grammatical function should be put in the same grammatical form. It is the writers technique of balancing like with like. Sample1:Original: "In his spare time, Lu Tao likes to read novel, watch various movies, listen music and traveling."Sentence lacks parallelismRevision:

19、 "In his spare time, Lu Tao likes to read novels, watch movies, listen to music, and travel abroad."Original: To jump, to run, or just swinging can be all the exercise a child needs. Revision: Jumping, running, or just swimming can be all the exercise a child needs. 5. Article and preposit

20、ion:Sample 1:Original: Maya is one of my classmates in our University, and she lives on the campus. Revision: Maya is one of my classmates at our university, and she lives on campus. Sample 2:Original: "Lu Tao is also studying in Beijing Academic Movie University."Revision: "Lu Tao is

21、 also studying at the Beijing Academic Movie University."Sample 3: Original: “Spring Festival is Chinese traditional holiday.”Revision: Spring Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday. (The word holiday is a countable noun and is mentioned in the passage for the first time, so it needs the ind

22、efinite article a.)Sample 4: we all don't want our mailboxes are fully occupied by "spam".Revision: We do not want our mailboxes to be fully crammed/staffed by “spam”. (“all” is redundant. where there is no "this" then "that" or "those" is not appropriate;

23、 also spam is singular and uncountable)6. Tense:"When he was asked why he selected this course to study English, he said ." Revision: "When he was asked why he had selected this course to study English, he ."Historical Present Tense: When you discuss a novel that was written in t

24、he past or describe a painting that was painted in the past, you might think that you do so by using the past tense. After all,the novel was written in the past and the painting was painted in the past. However, it is not the past tense that is used; instead, it is the present tense. Why? Each time

25、you read the novel, the characters and events come alive. Similarly, each time you look at a painting, the story that the painting conveys comes alive.(The present tense in these contexts is known as the historical present tense.)There is an exception: You do use the past tense if you are presenting

26、 facts about the item, e.g., The painting Watson and the Shark was done by John Singleton Copley.7. Collocation and coherence: Sample 1:"His major is radio communication. He is taking mathematics, physics, and English classes."Revision: "Because his major is radio communication, he is

27、 taking mathematics, physics, and English." (sentence connection/conjunction)Sample 2:“Because people in south China think the egg Jiaozi will bring you rich and lucky, so every year in the Spring Festival we will have egg Jiaozi.”Revision: Use either Because people , every year .or People , so

28、 every year . Do not use both because and so in this type of structure.Sample 3:For example, I often drink traditional herbs when I had a cold. Then my mother also used traditional treatment to treat a painful body such as used herbs , traditional acupuncture, and old Chinese massage.Revision: For e

29、xample, I often drink traditional herbs when I have a cold. When I was ill as a child, my mother also used traditional treatment to treat an aching body such as herbs, traditional acupuncture, and Chinese massage.Sample 4: Secondly, large universities offer more advanced teaching and experimental fa

30、cilities, so students can gain rich, broad knowledge.Revision: Secondly, large universities offer more advanced teaching facilities, so students have a greater opportunity to gain a broader based knowledge.8. Capitalization and Italics: Title: My classmate -> My ClassmateWords in a title are capi

31、talized except for internal articles, conjunctions, prepositions, and the to of infinitives. Name: Hu tao -> Hu Tao Names of people are capitalized.Names of locations: Hebei province-> Hebei ProvinceNames of geographical or political divisions are capitalized when they are essential parts of s

32、pecific names.“ thanksgiving .” à Thanksgiving .(The names of holidays start with a capital letter.)Book title/movie title should be in italics. Eg: Star War is my favorite movie. She has many English courses such as Enrichment English, Comprehensive English, English writing and so on.Revision:

33、 She has taken/attended/completed (depending on what you mean) many English courses such as Enrichment English, Comprehensive English, English writing and so on. (If these are the names of courses in schools or colleges that should not be in italics; if they are book titles, they should be)考试临近了,你有没

34、有开始进行有效的复习呢? 请大家仔细阅读分析写作课程考试模拟题目,最后的考试题目形式和样题是一样的! 请仔细阅读分析题干要求并抓住写作要点来模拟写一下,一定会有不小的收获. 下面是我为大家精心准备收集的写作题目,基本是按照课本上的范围来模拟出的写作题目,请大家一定好好看看.如果没有时间练习写全部的话题,大家可以采用略写提纲和精写主题句(topic sentence)的策略来练习,一样可以收到好的复习准备效果.Interactive Writing 3(related writing topics)Unit 1-Education and Student Life1) On-Campus Liv

35、ing Vs. Off-Campus Living, which is better?2) I Prefer to Study in a Traditional College/ Online Institute3) Study Abroad, Beneficial or at High Risk?4) Do you agree that if possible all college students should spend some time studying in a foreign country/ or should spend some time practicing in ru

36、ral area?5) I Prefer a Small-size Class/ a Large-size Class6) Team Work or Individual Work, which is more efficient?7) Online English learning mode, more advantages or more disadvantages?Unit 2-City Life1) City Life or Rural Life, which is more favorable?2) A Good Place for Old People/Children/Young

37、 People to Live3) Good Neighborhood is Priceless and Precious4) My Favorite Place (library, park, museum or etc)5) My Beautiful School6) My Proposal for Reconstructing a Place in My CommunityUnit 3-Business and Money1) Time is Money2) Live to Work or Work to Live3) Can Money buy everything?4) Lotter

38、ies Should Be Illegal5) Gambling Should Be Banned6) Borrowing Money Always Causes Problem7) Should Wealth be Equally Distributed to Everyone?8) Education Should Be Free for EveryoneUnit 4-Jobs and Professions1) My Ideal Career2) My Routine Work3) An Unforgettable Work Experience4) Should People be t

39、rained to be specialists /masters in a narrow field or to be Jack-of-all-trade but no business is professional?5) My Attitude towards Work/Life6) A Whole-Person Development Project7) Volunteer Work, Valuable Experience?8) Creating Good Work/Living EnvironmentUnit 5-Life styles Around the World1) How

40、 to Deal with Lies?2) Not-Keeping Promises is the Worst Habit3) A Frustrating Day4) A Slight Change Makes My Life Totally Different5) How to Kill Time When Sitting in Traffic6) My Way to Squeeze Time to Self-Learning7) Work at Home, Good or not?8) My Way to Spend Spare TimeUnit 6-Global Connections1

41、) Global Village, Good for Everyone?2) Should we preserve more Specialties in Globalization trend?3) Great Changes in My Hometown4) An Imagination of the World in Next Twenty Years5) Effective Ways to Lessen Generation Gaps6) Should we all choose to speak a Common Language?Interactive Writing 4 (rel

42、ated writing topics) : Unit 7-Language and Communication1) Why More and More People want to Immigrate to Other Countries?2) The Difficulties Newcomers Meet In a Foreign Country3) Learn To Live in a New Place4) Culture Shock5) US Culture-a Melting Pot6) How to Overcome Homesick7) Learning a Language

43、in Native Speaking EnvironmentUnit 8-Tastes and Preference1) I Prefer to Live On Campus/Off Campus2) Buying Ones Own House to Live Vs. Renting a House to Live3) Live Alone or Share Room with Others, which is better?4) Live in Downtown Vs. Live in Suburb5) My Ideal Home6) My Past/Present Living ConditionsUnit 9-I Wish I Could