宾语从句讲解

1、宾语从句宾语从句是的一种。在中充当，位于、或之后的从句称为。宾语从句分为三类：的宾语 从句，的宾语从句和的宾语从句。用法 宾语从句 结构：+由连词引导宾语从句（陈述语序）that,if,whether，和疑问词（what，how，where，whe n .）。;if,whether（表达是否的意思，但是不做句子的成分）that引导表示的宾语从句,if禾n whether，whether.or not引导表示“是否”的的宾语从句。If和whether的区别:if和whether在作“是否”理解时，引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,findout等之后，后一般不用if

2、。少数动词，如：leave ,pu t,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether。whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以。在前只能用whether。般“no matter”示“是否”用whether而不用if。2）主要有：who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。Tell him which class you are in连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有1）that（无词义，不做成分）Do you kno

3、w what he likes?3）主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。He did n t tell me whe n weshould meet aga in.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见注：宾语从句通常跟在名词或代词后面。宾语从句-动宾从句大多数都可以带宾语从句。部分“+”结构也可以带宾语从句。动词短语也可以带宾语从句，常见的这些词有:make sure（确保）、make up ones mi nd（下决心）、kee p in mi nd（牢记）可运用it代替的宾语从句动词find,feel,consider,make,be

4、lieve,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加宾语从句-介宾从句it（）这主要有：hate,take,owe,have,用whether之类的介词宾语从句。用that,if引导的宾语从句，有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句-形容词+宾从句有些形容词具有动词的含义，所以也可以带一个宾语从句;例句:I am sorry I am late.I am glad that you can join us.Do you know what he likes?A

5、re you sure his an swer is right?常用来引导宾语从句的有:sure,certa in, glad, pl ease,ha ppy ,sorry,afraid,satisfied,sur prised宾语从句否定转移注：否定前移的条件是，主句是主句的是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess是而且为，从句的一般要转移到主句上来二 否定前移的反意问句 完成反意问句时，应与从句主、谓保持一致。如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词 或，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.我们通常称为否定前移。eg.I

6、dont thi nk you are right,are youI dont believe they have fini shed their work yet,have they宾语从句时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时，宾语从句的一般不受主句的时态所影响 当主句为过去时1从句用或表示与主句动作同时发生2从句表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前3从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后4如果从句是一个客观真理，那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化当宾语从句的是who,which,what,whe n, where,how,why等表疑问时，不能按正常安排，经常将这类引导词置于句首无

7、论任何时候都为陈述语序.但也有部分口语提问例外：Whats the matter?Whats wrong with you?宾语从句学习技巧等，并且主句的学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:引导词、语序和时态。.and连接的两个从句，两个从句的that不能省略。换。从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,whe n,where,which,who,how等疑问代词、疑问副词作引导词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：二、判断时态情况1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态。He an swered that he was liste ning to me.3.:that,who, whom,whose,which1

8、.The teacher told the childre n that the sun round.B. is C. were D. are2.I believe that our team the basketball match.三、宾语从句的用法引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。但是在书面上最好不要省略。下列情况1. 从句为，常选择引导词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。2. 从句为，常选择引导词if或whether。在whetheror not结构中不能用if替3.who+谓语+其他。从句的引导词有很多，如：say, think, wish , feel等。hope,

9、 see, believe, agree, expect, hear ,2.主句是，从句为各种相应过去。注意: 从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。B. wonC. will winD. wi ns如果宾语从句后有宾语，用it作，把宾语从句后置除外：1介词宾语从句的that不能省略。如果宾语从句后有宾语，用it作，把宾语从句后置He told me that he had two sons and that they both had gone to college.在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that不省略。I heard it said that he had gone abro

10、adWe found it impo ssible that he could finish it in such a short time主语+动词+ it +形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句We think it wrong that he told a lie to every one.宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序。False: He is won deri ng whe n can he finish this difficult job.Right: He is won deri ng whe n he can finish this difficult job.2.有时候可以用i

11、t作，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impo ssible.Good: I thought it impo ssible that he could finish this job in just two hours.3.带有宾语从句的的否定形式一般是否定主句。Bad: I think he doesnt like the English teacher.Good: I dont think he likes the4.主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；具体细节请看第

12、一部分。False: He wan ted to know why he is crying in the corner.2.许多带的句子，宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it做形式宾语。结构是:En glish teacher.如果宾语从句后有宾语，用it作，把宾语从句后置Right: He wan ted to know why he was crying in the corner.(4)宾语从句后置eg.You may think it strange that he would live there(5)that不可省略宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略A.当主句带有两个

13、或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个eg.I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get betterB.当it作时eg.She made it clear that she had nothing to do with himC当宾语从句前置时eg.That our team will win(6)由变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。例:She said:“I have been to England before.”She said that she had bee n to En gla nd before.(7)宾语从句与简单句的交换。由连接代词和引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“+”做宾语的简单句结构。1.Can you seehes readi ng B. what is he readi ng does he read D. he reads what2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)that，其他不能省略。,I believe例：I dont know what I should do I dont know what to do next.-Do you know_ Jackfrom