英语四级完形填空解析

1、英语四级完形填空解析From childhood to old age，we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us.When humans first 1，they were like newborn children ，unable to use this 2tool.Yet once language developed，the possibilities for human kinds future 3and cultural growth i

2、ncreased.Many linguists believe that evolution is 4for our ability to produce and use language.They 5that our highly evolved brain provides us 6an innate language ability not found in lower7.Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 8for language is inborn ，but that language itself develops

3、gradually ，9 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood.Therefore there are critical 10times for language development.Current 11of innateness theory are mixed，however ，evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable.12，more and more schools are discovering that f

4、oreign languages are best taught in 13grades.Young children often can learn several languages by being 14to them，while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15of their first language have become firmly fixed.16 some aspects of language are undeniably innate ，language does

5、 not develop automatically in a vacuum.Children who have been 17from other human beings do not possess language.This demonstrates that 18with other human beings isnecessary for proper language development.Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 19than any innate capacit

6、ies.These theorists view language as imitative ，learned behavior.20，children learn language from their parents by imitating them.Parents gradually shape their childs language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.12.A.In a word B.In a sense C.I

7、ndeed D.In other words13.A.various B.different C.the higher D.the lower20.A.As a result B.After allC.In other words D.Above all此处意为：当人类刚刚开始进化，他们如同新生儿一样不会运用语言这种工具。evolved 逐渐发展，进化符合题意。generated 生殖，发展；born （bear 的过去分词）不能作谓语动词；originated 起源，不能用first 修饰。根据语法分析，答案应用来修饰语言的。valuable 珍贵的；appropriate 合适的，适当的；

8、convenient 方便的，便利的；favorite 最喜欢的。语言并不是人类选择的结果，而是人类在进化过程中慢慢发展起来的，对人类来说，应当是珍贵的。此处意思是：语言的发展增加了人类未来的成就和文化进步的可能性。attainments 成就；feasibility 可行性；entertainments 娱乐；evolution 进化。此处意为：许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了语言的能力。固定短语be responsible for对负责，是的原由。其它选项不与for 搭配。根据语法分析，空格后应是一个宾语从句，而A ，B ，D 三项后都不能接从句做直接宾语。confirm （确认）+

9、名词；inform （通知）sb.of sth.；convince （使某人确信）sb.of sth.固定搭配provide sb.with sth.意为“向（人）提供（物）”此处意为：我们高度发达的大脑是我们具备了其它低等动物所不具备的语言能力。显然，这里是把人和低等动物相比较。因此选organisms 有机体，生物体。此句意思是：人类的语言能力是与生俱来的，但语言本身也在逐渐发展，所以这种能力应该是潜在的。potential 潜力；performance 履行；preference 偏爱；passion 激情。此句句义是：语言本身作为童年时期大脑生长的一种功能，其发展是缓慢的。as （作为

10、，当作）合乎题意。Like 作为介词的意思是“像一样”。此句意为：语言的发展有一个关键期，人体的成长是生物变化的过程。biological 生物的；ideological 思想上的；social 社会的；psychological 心理的。此处意为：目前人们对“先天论”评论观点不一，但是支持某些天生能力的证据却是确凿无疑的。reviews 评论；reference 参考；reaction 反应；recommendation 推荐。从11题可看出，作者是倾向于先天论的，为了进一步证明先天论是有道理的，作者选择了以学校为例加以说明，因此这里应填一个表示递进关系的词Indeed （甚至）。此处意思是

11、：越来越多的学校发现在什么年级学外语较容易，根据常识（低年级学外语较容易）以及后文的Young children often can learn several languages by being 14to them，while adults可以选定答案。此处意为：通过接触多种语言，孩子们可以学会好几种语言。be exposed to是固定搭配，接触到。reveal （显露）sth.to sb ，不合题意，因本题中的them 指languages. 其余选项不与to 搭配。engage in从事；be involved in参与。此句意思是：一旦母语的规则被深深印入脑海中，成年人就很难再学好

12、另一种语言。rules规则，规律；regulations 规定；formations 构成，构造；constitutions 宪法，章程。分析上下文的逻辑关系，从句意思是：语言的某些方面肯定是先天的。主句意思是：语言不会在与人隔绝的状况下自行发展。前后应为转折关系。此句意为：与人隔绝的儿童不能掌握好一门语言。isolated 孤立的，与人隔绝的；distinguished 区别的，杰出的；different 不同的；protected 受到保护的。此句总结前几句，意为：必须通过与他人交往，语言才能够发展。interaction 相互作用；exposition 暴露；comparison 比较；

13、contrast 对比。根据分析，本句中的“this ”和“even more basic ”分别指代上句的“interaction with other human beings ”和“necessary ”，此处所填词对应上文中的language development. 也就是说，language acquisition语言习得。appreciation 欣赏，感激；requirement 要求；alternative 转移，转变，转换。本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的“imitative ，learned behavior.（模仿性的后天行为）”。In other words换言之，

14、换句话说；As a result结果是；After all毕竟；Above all首先。The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet， including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually ， e-commerce does not 1 from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by p

15、hone， mail order catalogs， or sending a purchase order to supplier 2 fax. E-commerce follows the same model 3 in other business transactions； the difference 4 in the details.To a consumer ， the most visible form of e-commerce consists 5 online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible i

16、tems ， 6 an item ， arranges a form of payment ， and 7 an order. Instead of a physical catalog ， e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be 8 on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone， e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent 9 a computer network. Finally， instead of sending

17、a paper representation of payment such as a check ， e-commerce 10 one to send payment information electronically.In the decade 11 1993， e-commerce grew from an 12 novelty （ 新奇事物） to a mainstream business influence. In 1993， few 13 had a web page， and 14 a handfulallowed one to order products or serv

18、ices online. Ten years 15 ， both large and small businesses had web pages， and most 16 users with the opportunity to place an order. 17 ， many banks added online access， 18 online banking and bill paying became 19 . More importantly， the value of goods and services 20 over the Internet grew dramatic

19、ally after 1997.1. A）distract B） descend C）differ D） derive2. A） with B） via C） from D） off3. A） appeared B） used C） resorted D） served4. A） situates B） lies C） roots D） locates5. A） on B） of C） for D） to6. A） reflects B） detects C） protects D） selects7. A） sends in B） puts out C） stands for D） carr

20、ies away8. A） visible B） responsible C） feasible D） sensible9. A） beside B） over C） beyond D） up10. A） appeals B） admits C） advocates D） allows11. A） after B） behind C） until D） toward12. A） optional B） invalid C） occasional D） insignificant13. A） communities B） corps C） corporations D） compounds14.

21、 A） largely B） slightly C） solely D） only15. A） lately B） later C） late D） latter16. A） offered B） convinced C） equipped D） provided17. A） Instead B） Nevertheless C） However D） Besides18. A） and B） or C） but D） though19. A） different B） flexible C） widespread D） productive20. A） acquired B） adapted

22、C） practiced D） proceeded1.C 。考动词词义辨析，而且是考与from 的搭配，有三个选项可以入选，A distractfrom “分散；使分心”；C differ from“与不同”；D derive from “起源；源自”；根据句意A 、D 均不符合题意，所以答案是C.2.B 。Via 通过；through 。3.B 。appear, appearance反义词：disappear, disappearance。4.B 。lie lied lied 撒谎，lay laid lain 放置；处于lay laid laid 下蛋，lie in 在于，tell a li

23、e 说谎，liar 骗子。5.B 。表示组成的四个短语consist of ，be made up for，be composed of ，be comprised of 。6.D 。考察collect, gather , select的区别。collection, a collection of 。7.A 。virtual 虚拟的，visible 看得见的，vision 视野；远景，visual 视觉的，virtue 美德。8.A 。考形容词词义辨析，此题可以利用本段中心主题句中出现的复现关系推出答案选项是A.9.B 。10.D 。考动词词义辨析， appear 是不及物动词，一般与for

24、连用，译为“呼吁”；admit 一般跟动名词作宾语，译为“容许， 承认”；advocate 是及物动词“提倡， 鼓吹”；allow sb to do “允许某人做某事”，根据原文判断只有D 符合题意。11.A 。12.D 。13.C 。考名词词义辨析，community “社区，团体”；corp 如果首字母大写Corp 是公司的缩写，所以此单词是错误的；corporation “公司，企业”；compound “混合物，化合物”，此题可以通过同意替换的方法做题，下文中提到small business，与其意思相近的选项是C.14.D 。15.B 。考形近词辨析，lately 与recently

25、 同义，译为“最近”；later “多长时间之后”，常与时间词连用；late “晚， 迟， 最近， 在晚期”，常表示晚于通常时间的；latter 指“两者之中的后者”，根据句意答案是B.16.D 。考动词词义辨析， offer sb to do sth“向某人提供”，一般表示主动的给予；convince sb of sth 或convince sb that 常用被动语态，译为“使某人信服；使某人确信”；equip “装备， 配备”，常与with 连用；provide sb with sth “将某物提供给某人”，provide sth for sb “为某人提供某物”，根据句意所以答案选择D

26、.17.D 。18.A 。19.C 。考形容词词义辨析，different “不同的”；flexible “的， 灵活的， 柔软的， 能变形的”；widespread “分布广泛的， 普遍的”；productive “生产的，多产的”，此题根据本段中心主题句判断出答案选项是C.20.A 。What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? I think the following would be generally accepted.First, The teachers personality should be lively and

27、1 . This does not rule out people who are plain-looking, or 2 ugly, because many such people have great personal charm. But it does rule out such 3 as the over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated.Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a 4 to have a genuine （真正的） capacity for sympath

28、y, a capacity to 5 the minds and feelings of other people, especially, 6 of children. Closely 7 with this is the capacity to be tolerant（可容忍的）-not, indeed, of what is 8 , but of the weaknesses and immaturity of human nature which 9 people, and again especially children, to make mistakes.Thirdly, I h

29、old it essential for a teacher to be honest. There is no contradiction（矛盾） in my going on to 10 that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of 11 , which demands that every now and then a teacher 12 be able to put on an act-to enliven(使生动 a lesson, correct a fault, or a

30、ward praise.A teacher must be capable of infinite patience. This, I may say, is largely a matter of 13 and self-training, for we are 14 of us born like that.Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on 15 . Teaching is a job at which one will never be 16 ; ther

31、e is always something more to learn about it. There are 17 principal objects of study: the subjects which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which the subjects can best be taught and- 18 the most important- the children, young people, or 19 to whom the subjects are to be taught. The two fundame

32、ntal principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best 20 through full and active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and the learner.1. A. common B. beautiful C. easy-going D. attractive2. A. even B. ever C. otherwise D. therefo

33、re3. A. actors B. types C. classes D. schools4. A. doctor B. student C. teacher D. headmaster5. A. see B. understand C. move D. persuade6. A. ones B. some C. many D. those7. A. related B. watched C. followed D. studied8. A. wrong B. good C. right D. pretty9. A. force B. make C. ask D. induce(诱导10. A

34、. talk B. tell C. speak D. say11. A. acting B. teaching C. working D. learning12. A. should B. could C. must D. have to13. A. self-defence B. self-discipline C. self-teaching D. self-confidence14. A. all B. some C. none D. many15. A. learning B. practising C. teaching D. watching16. A. endless B. pa

35、yable C. tiring D. perfect17. A. two B. four C. three D. five18. A. so far B. by far C. by now D. at large19. A. adults B. persons C. boys D. girls20. A. regarded B. described C. acquired D. received1. D. 从后面的personal charm 可以看出来，老师的个性要有吸引力。beautiful 一般不与personality 搭配。2. A.从plain-looking 到ugly ，意义递

36、进，所以用 even 。3. B.要排除的是这些类型的人。over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated指的是各种类型的人。type 表“类型”。4. C.只有teacher 与文章主题有关。5. B.同情心是一种理解别人感情和心思的能力。6. D.those作代词, 指代前面提到的the minds and feelings。7. A.与之密切相关的一种能力就是容忍性。8. A.错误的东西当然不能容忍。9. D.人性的弱点和不成熟是青少年犯错误的诱因。10. D.这里强调说话的内容，故用say 。11. B.表演是一种教学技能。12. A.教师应该具有能力

37、表演。13. B.从后面可以知道，耐心不是天生就有的，是一种自我约束，自我训练的结果。14. C.从常识可以了解到没有人一生下来就有耐心。15. A. there is always something more to learn about it.中可以知道，教师要不断学习和研究。16. D.教学是一种永远不会完美的工作。17. C.后面列出了教师的三个研究对象：所教学科，教学方法，学生。18. B.只有by far能修饰形容词最高级。19. A.前面提到了children, young people ，可见作者是按年龄大小来列举教学对象的，故选adults 。20. C 全人教育只有通过师

38、生间的充分和主动的合作才能达到One day a police officer manager to get some fresh mushrooms.He was so 1 what he had bought that he offered to 2 the mushrooms with his brother officers.When their breakfast arrived the next day, each officer found some mushrooms on his plate.“Let the dog 3 a piece first,”suggested on

39、e 4 officer who was afraid that the mushrooms might be poisonous.The dog seemed to 5 his mushrooms, and the officers then began to eat their meal saying that the mushrooms had a very strang 6 quite pleasant taste.An hour 7 , however, they were all astonished when the gardener rushed on and said 8 th

40、e dog was dead. 9 , the officers jumpedsintostheir cars and rushedsintosthe nearest hospital.Pumps (泵 were used and the officers had a very 10 time getting rid of the mushrooms that 11 in their stomachs.When they 12 to the police station, they sat down and started to 13 the mushroom poisoning.Each man explained the pains that he had felt and they agreed that 14 had grown worse on their 15 to the hospital.The gardener was called to tell the way 16 the poor dog had died.“Did it 17 much before death?”asked one of the of