8B语法复习-被动语态

1、曹丿中学八年级语法复习被动语态1. 语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有 两种：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是 谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。We clea n the classroom every day.The classroom is clea ned (by us) every day.2. 需要强调动作的承受者时，在不知道动作的执行者是谁时，通常用被动语态 在被动语态的句子中，如果我们需要指出动作的执行者，可以由by引出。3. 被动语态的各个时态1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+doneEn glish i

2、s usedall over the world.2) 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+doneThe picture was painted two years ago.3) 般将来时的被动语态：will/be going to+be+done The work will be finishedtomorrow.4) 现在完成时的被动语：have(has)+been+done The room has bee n clea ned.5) 现在进行时的被动语：am/is/are+being+doneThe flowers are being watered by them now.6)

3、 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+doneYour homework must be handedi n today.1. 其它几种特殊句型：It is said thatIt is well known thatIt is reported that have sth done让某人做某事His pare nts had the house clea ned.n eed doing = n eed to be doneMy hair n eeds cutt ing. = my hair n eeds to be cut.2. 有些动词常用于被动语态。He was born in Na

4、nj ing.The mobile phone was made in China.3. 有些动词,其主动语态形式含有被动意义。系动词 smell, taste, sou nd, feel等。The dish smells good.还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态，和well, easily等副词连用，含有被动意 义。女口 : read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean等。The books sell well.4. happe n, take place, r un ou 无被动。The meeti ng happe ned / took plac

5、e at the school hall.These new types of en ergy will n ever run out.5. 在动词(hear, see, watch, listen to等)和使役动词(have, make, let)的主动语态句 式中，动词不定式的to常省去，但是在被动语态中要加上to。We ofte n hear her sing n ext doorShe is ofte n heardto singby us n ext door.Mum made me clea n the house. I was toadlean the house by Mum

6、.6. 含有短语动词的被动语态：一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。另外，许多不及物动词加上介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，后面也可加宾语。在变被动语态时，注意不可丢掉后面的介词或副词，常见的这类短语动词 有:take care of, look after, take off, look at, send for, look up等。The old people should be take n good carof.7. 含有双宾语的动词的被动语态，应将其中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语，另一个 宾语仍保留在原处。一种情况是把间接宾语（指人）变为主语,直接宾语（指物）不变。 另一种情

7、况是把直接宾语（指物）变为主语，间接宾语（指人）不变，这时，间接宾语前 通常加介词to,有时加for。My father gave me a new book on my birthday.f I was give n a new book （by my father） on my birthday.f A new book was give n to me （by my father） on my birthday.（一）将下列句子改为被动语态1. Mrs Gree n will clea n the readi ng room this after noon.2. Miss Li teac

8、hes us En glish.3. She didn' t speak French.4. We must send for a doctor right now.5. The bad man made the workers work long hours.6. They buy me some prese nts7. We must water the trees as ofte n as poss ible8. We have fini shed our homework(二) 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空1. I hear that bridge(make) of wood

9、.2. Englishthe most widely(speak) Ianguage in the world.3. Tea(grow) in the southeast of China4. Wherethe wolf first(see) by the farmer?5. All the work must(finish) before Wednesday6. Books and magazines can (not take) out of the reading-room.7 . Can rice (grow) in win ter ?8. The new teacher(give)

10、a warm welcome by the students（三）、选择填空1. The bird flew higher and higher till it could no Ion ger.A. see us B. is seen C. was seen D. be seen2. Every one at the partya prese nt.A. gives B. was givi ng C. was to give D. was give n3. A terrible accide ntn ear our school yesterday.A. was happe ningB. w

11、as happe nedC. had happe ned D. happe ned4. Who is the book?A. writi ngB. writte nC. writte n withD. writte n by5. My family had some photoslast Sun day.A. tookB. tak ingC. to take D. take n6. Ask him how much.A. was spe nt on the mealB. did the meal costC. was the meal n eededD. did he pay for the

12、meal7. Many more housesfor teachers since last year.A. are buildi ng B. built C. have built D. have bee n built8. Don ' t worry. All the childrenby the nurses.A. are well take n care ofB. take good care ofC. are take n good careD. take good care9. - Must old peopleto politely?-Yes, you.A. speak,

13、 must B. spoken, need C. be spoken, must D. be spoke, need10. the Partyon July 1, 1921?A. Did, found B. Was, found C. Did, be fou ndedD. Was, foun ded11. Wenot to go that way because the road.A. told, is bei ng builtB. had told, is buildi ngC. was told, is builtD. were told, was bei ng built12. Ther

14、e was someth ing wrong with his bike and he had to stop.A. have it repairedB. to have it repairedC. hav ing it repairedD. hav ing it to repair13. The young treesevery day, or they' ll die.A. must water B. can be watered C. must be watered D, should be watering14. The bridge over the riverlast ye

15、ar.A. fini shedB. is fini shed C. has fini shedD. was fini shed15. She is the new stude ntLucy King.A. calli ngB. called C. calls D is called16. Heto sing in the next room a mome nt ago.A. heard B. was heari ngC. had heard D. was heard17. A n eighbour helped to keep our dog. Itwhile we were on holid

16、ay.A. was take n careB. took care ofC. is take n care ofD. was take n care of18. About 500 carsin the factory n ext year.A. were produced B. will produce C. have bee n produced D. will be produced19. Green trees and colourful flowers could everywhere in Guangzhou. Sothe people also call Guan gzhou“

17、Flower City ”.A. seeB. be lookedC. are see nD. be see n20. Was the picturethe teacher yesterday ?A. show nB. showC. show n toD. show to21. The boy was madestreets without pay in the old days.A. to clea n B. clea nC. clea nedD. be clea ned22 The sports meet be held until next week.A. did n't B. w

18、on't C. is n't D. does n't23 the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are24 Wherethese boxes made?A. was B. were C. is D. am25 The flowersofte n.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water26 The books mayfor two weeks.A. be kept B. be bor

19、rowed C. keep D. borrow27 The broken bike here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can men ded C. can be mend D. can be men ded28 The play at the theatre n ext Sun day.A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown29 Now these magazinesin the library for a long time.A. have kept B. are keep ing C. have bee n keep ing D. have bee n kept30 The bridgestwo years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built31 Old people must.A. look after well B. be looked