(完整版)高考语法填空专项训练——介词

1、语法填空专项训练-介词介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在高考中都有两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。该题要求在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词（一个单词的介词），主要考点有：2.表示方位的介词有into 进入towards 向或朝着off从离开或下来out of从出来to到或向at朝着或向着（a）round 围饶着或在的各处from 从for至U去at在某一点或在（某物）旁 above在的上头或高出in side在的里面over在的上方或上面in在某一范围内on在某物的表面上below在下面或低于outside在的外面under在的下面或下方;among在（多者

2、）之中before在之前beside/by在的旁边along沿着up沿而上dow n 沿.而下between在（两者）之间around在周围behind在的后面near在的附近的那一边，远于，超过（某事物的范围）从一边到另从某人或某物的上空经过across在的对面或那一边by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过 through从某事物的里面经过。aga inst靠着3.表示原因的介词有because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at（at常放在表示情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后表示原因，相当于听到或看到"）等。4.表示方式、方法或手段的介词有By乘

3、、坐、骑（接交通工具）,靠、通过 with用（具体的工具），和一起；in用（某种语言或材料，如墨水 ，抽象的文具in ink, in pen, in pencil等）through通过（实践或书本）等5. 表示 除夕卜"的介词有except, besides, but, except for 等。6. 表示 数量"的介词有 about （大约）,around （大约）,over（超过）等表示 关于"的介词有on, about等；表示 所属”部分与整体关系”的介词有of表示（增加/减少，相差，高出等的）程度的介词 有by 以及as（当作，作为）,like（像一样）等

4、。7.能接复合宾语的介词有with 和 without8. 短语中的介词。 动词+介词”短语，动词+副词+介词”短语动词+名词+介词”名词+介词”，look after, care for, congratulations on 等;catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in 等; take are of, take notice of 等;effect on 等。1.表示时间介词有at, i n, on表示时间点和时间段by 不迟于，到 时为止after 在-之后before在之前for 表示段时间duri ng在期间within

5、在期间，不超过si nee自从throughout 贯穿期间un til/till直到from -to -从到betwee n在之间over在期间，过完一段时间解题技巧：1. 什么情况下可能是填介词？我们首先必须知道两点：what从句;（1）介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语 时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。2. 应该填哪个介词？在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的

6、意思来选择一个恰当的介词。 另外，以下几条思路对解题非常有用：(1)由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。例 1 He was very tireddoing this for a whole day.分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after;另外，表示 因而累” be tired from也是固定短语，故也可填from。(2)由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。theSe proverbsethere are在中国的这些成例 2Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peopleoften inte

7、resting stories.分析：因these proverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是语故事的背后常常有有趣的故事”表示在背后”用介词behind。由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的介词只能是 with或without o例 3 You have no idea how she finished the relay raceher foot wounded so much. ( 福建 )(4)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填的介词。例 4the village

8、rs who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving meaguest in their house.分析：句意是 把我们作为客人接待”表示当作，作为”用介词as。一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空。1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sanka chair.（ 安徽）2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you' d bett

9、ethesbock door.（北京）3. A great man shows his greatnessthe way he treats little men. （ 福建）4. You have no idea how she finished the relay raceher foot wounded so much.（ 福建）5. I like Mr. Miner' s speech; it was clear an the point.（辽宁）6. Let ' s learn to use the problem we facinga stepping-stone

10、to future success.（宁夏 ）7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I likeworking here.（全国 n ）8. I began to feelhome in the new school when I saw some familiar faces.（ 山东）9. Elizabeth has already achieved successher wildest dreams.（陕西）10. Everything was perfect for the picnic exceptthe w

11、eather.（ 浙江）11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school _ girls of your age. （ 北京）12. Althoughmy opinion, the old professor didn' t come 福建/）th his own.（13. the silenee of the pauses, we could hear each other' s breathing and could almost hea湖o南r）own heartb14. Scientists ar

12、e convincedthe positive effect of laughterphysical and mental health.（ 江西）15. Experts have been warningsome time of the health risks caused by passive smoking.（ 江西）16. The manager suggested an earlier datethe meeting.（全国 I）17. Some people choose jobs for other reasonsmoney these days.（全国 II）18. Some

13、 students often listen to musicclasses to refresh themselves.（四川）19. The ope n-air celebrati on has bee n put off becausethe bad weather.（浙江）20. Sorry, Madam. You ' d better come tomorrow because it' sth畐建s）ting hours.（21. It ' s quiteme why such things have been allowed to happen.（安徽）22

14、. -It ' s a top secret.-Yes, I see. I will keep the secretyou and me.（上海）23. People have always been curioushow living things on the earth exactly began.（辽宁）24. After the earthquake, the injured were caredin the local hospitals or take n to the hospitals in the n eighbori ng cities.（江西）25. I wou

15、ld like a job which pay s more, butthe other hand I enjoy the work I' m doir浙江 the moment.（26. More and more young people are fondplaying tennis nowadays.（ 上海）27. Leave your key with a neighborcase you lock yourself out one day.（ 北京）28. Village rs here depend on the fishing industry,which there

16、won上海t）be much work.（29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further,which New York is an example.（ 四川）30. By nine o ' clock, all the Olympic torch beareesdreached the top of Mount Qomolangma,which appeared a rarerainbow soon.（福建）31. The book was written in 1946,when the

17、 education system has witnessed great charges.（山东）32. He was educated at the local high school,which he went on to Beijing University. （江苏）33. Huma n facial expressi ons differ from those of ani mals in the degreewhich they can be con trolled on purpose.（ 重庆）二、语篇模拟：用适当的介词填空。Fathers Day occurs on the

18、 3rd Sun day in June. The idea for creati ng a day 1childre n to honor their fathers bega n inSpoka ne, Wash ington. A woma n2_ the n ame of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3the idea for Father's Day whileliste ning to a Mother's Day sermon 41909.Havi ng bee n raised5her father, Henry Jacks on Sma

19、rt, after her mother died, Sonora wan ted her father to know howspecial he was 6her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 7the eyes of his daughter,a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Da

20、y celebration 8Spoka ne, Washi ngton9the 19th of June, 1910.In 1924 Preside nt Calvi n Coolidge announ ced the third Sun day in June 10Father's Day. Roses are the Father's Dayflowers.一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空。1. into2. by3. by4. with5. to6. as 7. about 8. at9. beyond10. for 11. for12. aga inst13. I n1

21、4. of15. for16. for17. besides 18. betwee n 19. of20. beyond21. beyo nd 22. between 23. about24. for25. on26. of27. in28. without 29. of 30. above31. since32. after 33. to二、语篇模拟：用适当的介词填空。1. for 2. by 3. of 4. in 5. by 6. to 7. in 8. in 9. on 10. as语法填空专项训练-连 词在近两年广东高考的语法填空中连词，都是两小题，占语法填空的五分之一，是考查的一个

22、重要项目，具体考点有以下大点：考点1:并列连词4and（同，禾口 ）, when（=and just at this time 就在这时）,not onlybut （also） 不仅 而且）示联合neither nor （既不也不）示选择or（或者，否则）,otherwise（否则）,or else（否则）,either.or（不是就是）示转折but（但疋，可疋，只疋因为）,yet（可疋），notbut不是而疋）示对比while（而、却）示因果for個为）和so （所以，因此）注： when 作并列连词，主要用于was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did;was

23、/were about to do sth. whe n sth./sb. did;was/were on the point of doing sth. whe n sth./sb. did等句型中，表示当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一事”。（2）在祈使句+and/or+陈述句"句型中，祈使句表示条件，and/or后的句子表示结果。一、单句填空：用适当的连词填空。并列句I. 1 thought we ' d be late for the con cert,we en ded up getti ng there ahead of time. （ 湖南

24、）2. Stand over thereyou ' II be able to see the oil painting better.（ 全国 n ）3. He found it increasingly difficult to read,his eyesight was beginning to fail.（ 山东 ）4. The artist was born poor,poor he remained all his life.（ 重庆 ）5. In some places women are expected to earn moneymen work at home an

25、d raise their children.（ 四川 ）6. You have failed two tests. You' d better start working harder,you won（ 北京 t ）pass the course.7. Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be,the way they actually are.（ 湖南 ）8. Betwee n the two gen eratio ns, it is ofte n not their ag

26、e,their educati on that causes misun dersta nding.（ 全国 I ）9. He was about halfway through his meala familiar voice came to his ears.（ 辽宁 ）10. I grew up in Africaat least I should say that I spent much of the first ten years of my life there. （ 辽宁 ）考点2:引导名词性从句的连接词名词性从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导这些从句的连词有

27、：（1）连词that:只起连接作用，没有任何意思，不作任何句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略。（2）连词whether :有 是否"之意，但不作句子成分；引导宾语从句时，还可用 if。连接代词：who（m）, whose, which, what等均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。其中what除有 什么”多么"外，还有 所的"之意，相当于the thing（s） that 。连接副词：when, where, why, how等，有意义，在从句中作状语。（5）whoever, whatever, whichever等也可引导名词性从句，意为无论/不管”。名词

28、性从句II. The compa nies are work ing together to createthey hope will be the best means of tran sport in the 21st cen tury.（北京）12. was most importa nt to her, she told me, was her family.（山东）13. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a Ianguage different fromtheir parents speak at home

29、.（ 浙江）14. Tomorr ow is Tom ' s birthday. Have you got any ideathe party is to be held陕（西）15. The newsour athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday上海）'s newspaper.（16. The last time we had great fun waswe were visiting the Water Park.（ 天津）17. wants to stay in a hotel has to pa

30、y their own way.（ 浙江）18. Having checked the doors were closed, andall the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.（ 湖南）19. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands makeit is.（天津）20. Why not try your luck downtown. Bob? That' sthe b浙浙江obs

31、 are.（考点3:引导定语从句的关系词定语从句就是在复合句里充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副 词及使用场合如下表：先行词主语宾语定语1状语人who/thatwhom/who/ 省略whose物which/whichwhich/that/ 省略whose/of which时间whe n地点where:he waythat/in which/ 省略:he reas onwhy注：（1）先行词是 occasion常用 when, 先行词是 case, situation, scenes等时常用 where。关系副词 when和where有时可用 介

32、词+ which '代替，why可用for which代替。以下情况只能用that引导定语从句： 当先行词是指物的 all, little, few, much, any, anything, everything, nothing, none, the one时，或先行词被 all, little, few,much, any, every, no 等修饰时。 先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词（包括last, next）、最高级形容词及the only, the very等修饰时。 先行词包括人和物时。 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用

33、 that引导。不能用that引导定语从句的情况 在非限制性定语从句中，不以能用that引导。 直接在介词后作宾语时，不能用that引导，要用whom, whose或which，且不能省略。 当先行词是指人的all, any, few, on e（s）, anyone, every one, those, people, he 等时，只能用 who。 当先行词与关系代词之间有较复杂的短语或从句隔开时。在非限制性定语从句中，表示部分与整体"的关系时，用 of which/whom或者of which/whom都可以。定语从句21. The Science Museum,we visit

34、ed during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London江苏） 's touri22. Chan ' s restaura nt on Baker Street,used topnorly run, is now a successful bus in ess.（浙江）23. All the n eighbors admire this family,the pare nts are treati ng their child like a friend.（ 安徽）24. The grow ing speed of a pla n

35、t is in flue need by a nu mber of factors, most ofare bey ond our con trol.（湖南）25. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands ofwere made of small diam on ds.（ 陕西）26. The road conditions there turned out to be very good,was more than we could expect.（ 全国 n ）27. We shouldn' t spend our money test

36、inmany people, most ofare healthy.（北京）28. Occasions are quite rareI have the time to spend a day with any kids.（山东）29. They will fly to Washington,they plan to stay for two or three days.（ 重庆）30. Later in this chapter cases will be in troduced to readerscon sumer complai nts have resulted in cha nge

37、s in the law.（江西）31. The village has developed a lotwe learned farming two years ago.（ 福建）32. After graduation she reached a point in her careershe had to decide what to do.（江西）33. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activitysight（ 看至U） matters more than hearing.（天津）34. Last week,

38、 only two people came to look at the house, n either ofwan ted to buy it.（ 安徽）35. It is reported that two schools, both ofare being built in my hometow n, will ope n next year.（ 四川）考点4:引导状语从句的连词种类连词时间状when （当时），while （在期间），as （当，一边 一边），before （在之前）,after （在 之后），语从句since （从以来），till/until （直到），wheneve

39、r （无论何时），as soon as （就）地点状where （在的地方）,wherever（在的任何地方）语从句原因状because（因为）,as（由于）,since（既然）,now 取豪夺（that）（既然）,when（既然）,seeing （that）（由于，鉴于）语从句considering （that）（考虑到）,given （that）（考虑到）目的状so（以便）,that（以便）,so that（以便，为了 ）, in order that （为了，以便）;in case（以防，以免）,lest（免得，以防）语从句for fear that（以免，惟恐）结果状so that （

40、以致，结果），sothat, suchtha此以至于）语从句条件状if, uni ess （=if如果不 ,除非）,as/so long as（只要）,while（=as long as 只要）,suppos ing （that）/provided语从句/providing （that）（假如）,in case（假使）,on condition that（在的条件下）让步状although, though, as, while（虽然）,even if/though（即使）,whetheror不论 /不管还是）以及 疑冋语从句词 +ever"和"no matter疑问词”比较

41、状as.as （禾口一样），not as/so.as （禾口不一样），than （比），the more.the more （越越）语从句方式状as（正如）,as if 或 as though（好像）语从句状语从句36. Nancy enjoyed herself so muchshe visited her friends in Sydney last year.（ 福建）37. I ' m sorry you ' ve been waiting so long, but it' ll still be some time 京r）an gets back.（38. T

42、he research will take Joa n and Paul about five mon ths; it will be a long timewe meet them aga in.（ 安徽）39. - Did you return Fred ' s call?- I didn ' t need toI ' ll see him 北京）row.（40. - Why didn ' t you tell him about the meeting?- He rushed out of the roomI could say a word.（ 四川）4

43、1. “ You can ' t have this football backyou promise not to kick it at my cat again,广东）” the（42. You ' d better not leave the medicinekids can get at itl!（东）43. In time of serious accidents,we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.（ 重庆）44. In peace, too, the Red Cross is e

44、xpected to send helpthere is human suffering.（江西）45. A small car is big eno ugh for a family of threeyou n eed more space for baggage.（ 全国n ）46. he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.（ 全国 II）47. You will be successful in the in terviewyou have con fide nee. （ 福建 ）48. His plan was suc

45、h a good onewe all agreed to accept it.（陕西）49. the Internet is of great help, I don' t think it ' s a good idea to南too muc50. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, eventhey knew it to be valuable.（ 浙江）51. hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.（ 辽宁）52.

46、The lawyer rarely wears anything other tha n jea ns and a T-shirtthe seas on is.（ 宁夏）53. All people,they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.（ 重庆）54. Engines are to mach ineshearts are to ani mals.（山东）55. Don ' t promise anythingyo

47、u are one hundred percent sure. （200浙江卷）解题技巧: 若两个句子（有两个主谓结构）之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。然后根据某人从句的特点，结合连词的意义和作用，确定填具体的某个连词。如：一旦判断是定语从句，就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么句子成分，来确定关系词，若在 从句中作主语和宾语，用关系代词，若作状语就用关系副词。实例剖析例 10ne day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck （ 拔）up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.（2008年广东）分析：因he cam