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1、专题专题 11 主谓一致主谓一致专题专题1111 主谓一致主谓一致 考点直击 语法一致原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致。1单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词(短语)、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:Smoking is bad for our health.吸烟有害健康。2不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。点睛点睛 英语中,主语与谓语的一致存在着三个原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。 1语法一致原则 专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 3介词或介词短语作插入语。主语后接with, al

2、ong with, together with, as well as, including, besides, like, except, but等短语作插入语时,谓语动词的数由主语的单、复数形式决定。如:Mike with his two dogs is walking in the park. 迈克和他的两条狗正在公园里散步。4常以复数形式出现的名词作主语。一些只有复数形式的名词(如 trousers, shoes, clothes, gloves, glasses等)作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数。但是,如果这些名词被a pair of 修饰时,谓语动词需用单数。如:A pair of

3、glasses is on the table.桌子上有副眼镜。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 5“a number of名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“the number of名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:A number of workers have recently left the company. 最近有很多工人辞掉了工作。6“the形容词”表示一类人,其作主语时谓语动词用复数。如: The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 7“

4、many a (more than one)单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:More than one student is fond of playing computer games. 不止一个学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。Many a child is flying kites. 许多孩子在放风筝。8“a lot of/lots of/plenty of名词”,“分数或百分数名词”等作主语时,谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。如:Three fifths of the forest was destroyed. 五分之三的森林被毁坏了。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 9在定语从句中,关系代词

5、that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。如:This is the boy who wants to see you.这就是想要见你的男孩。10在倒装句中,谓语动词应与其后的主语的数保持一致。如:Here are some flowers and some money for you. 这儿有一些为你准备的花和钱。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 2意义一致原则意义一致原则 意义一致即谓语的单复数要看主语所表示的概念。1形式上虽为单数,但意义为复数的名词,如the police, people(人们), cattle等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:

6、Watch out! The police are coming.当心!警察来了。2the Chinese, the British等表示一个国家或民族的人的总称的词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:The English do not drink much wine.英国人不怎么喝酒。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 3形式上为复数,而意义上却是单数的名词,如news, physics, politics, economics及以s结尾的书名、报纸名、国名等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:This news is important to us.这条消息对我们很重要。The United St

7、ates is a developed country.美国是一个发达国家。4由and连接的两个名词作主语,指同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。如:The doctor and writer is very famous.这位医生兼作家非常出名。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 5表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词(短语)作主语时通常被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。如:Three years has passed since I came here. 自从我来这儿,三年已经过去了。6集体名词(如 family, team, group, class等)看作整体时,谓语动词用单数;强调其中每一个成

8、员时,谓语动词用复数。如:My family is a big one with eight people. 我们家是一个有着八口人的大家庭。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 3就近原则就近原则 就近原则即谓语动词的数取决于主语中最靠近它的名词的单复数。1连词notbut, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数与靠近它的主语一致。如:Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 2there be句型。当there be后有两个或几个并列的主语时,be动词

9、的数和与其靠得最近的那个主语一致。 如:There is a table and six chairs in the dining hall. 餐厅里有一张桌子和六把椅子。There are six chairs and a table in the dining hall. 餐厅里有六把椅子和一张桌子。专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 1In our school library there _ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them _ growing larger and larger.

10、A. are; isBis; are Chave; are Dhas; is22013安顺安顺 Neither my sister nor I _ been to America before. A. have ever Bhave never Chas ever Dhas neverA A考点过关 专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 3Doing exercise _good for your health. A. be Bam Cis Dare42013威海威海 Everyone except Tom and John _there when the meeting began. A.

11、are Bis Cwere Dwas52013遵义遵义 How time flies! Well graduate. Three years _really a short time. A. wasBareCisC DC 专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 12012黄石黄石 _that pair of _ a little cheaper? AIs; glass BAre; glass CIs; glasses DAre; glasses 解析解析 that pair of glasses意为“那副眼镜”,它作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 C语法专练 专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 2B

12、oth Kate and I_ready for the picnic now. Agets Bis getting Care getting Dam getting 解析解析 bothand 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 C专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 3The Germans_fly to Beijing next week. Ais going to Bwas going to Cwere going to Dare going to 解析解析 the Germans 作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。 D42013鞍山鞍山 Neither he nor I_ from C

13、anada. We are from Australia. Ais B. are Cam D. beC专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 5Half of the teachers in our school _ over 40 years old. Ais Bare Chas D. have 解析解析 half of 后跟的是可数名词复数,所以谓语动词用复数形式。 B专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 6Picking apples_much more interesting than having lessons. Ahas Bhave Cis D. are 解析解析 动名词作主语时,

14、谓语动词用单数形式。 C7. 2013扬州扬州 A number of tourists _ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city. Ahave been to B. has been to Chas gone to D. have gone toA专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 8. My family _ a happy one. Now the whole family _ having a party. Ais; are Bis; is Care; are Dare; is 解析解析 集体名词family作

15、整体讲时,谓语动词用单数;强调其中每一个成员时,谓语动词用复数。A9.Robert with his two kids _ to the beach for vacation every year. Ago Bgoes Cwent Dare goingB专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 10_ of the water _ polluted. We must try to protect our environment. ATwo third; are BTwo third; is CTwo thirds; are DTwo thirds; is112013盐城盐城 Now the num

16、ber of Chinese people working in Africa _ more than one million. Ais B. are Cwas D. were12Not only my friends but also _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. Abe B. am Cis D. areDAB 专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 13The disabled _in need of help. AamBisCareDwere 解析解析 “the形容词”表示一类人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数

17、。C14There _ some flowers on the teachers desk just now, but now there _nothing on it. Ahave; has Bwere; was Cwere; is Dhas; hasC专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 15How soon can you finish this job? Two days _ enough for me to finish the work. I need a week. Aisnt Barent Cis Dare 解析解析 时间段作主语时,谓语用单数。根据“I need a week

18、.”可知应该用否定形式。 A专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 162013齐齐哈尔齐齐哈尔 There _ a dictionary and two pens on the desk. AamB. isCare172013乌鲁木齐乌鲁木齐 Everyone except Tom and John _ studying for the final test now. A. are B. is Cwere D. was18Tom was the only one of the boys who _ praised by our teacher yesterday. Ais Bare Cwas D. wereBBC 专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 19_ thirty dollars enough for you, Ann? Yes, Mum.I only want to buy a notebook. AAre BIs CWere D. Was 解析解析 主语是thirty dollars,金钱作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。B专题专题11 11 主谓一致主谓一致 20Here _ some money and some pairs of shoes for you. Ais Bam Care Dwere 解析解析 在倒

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