2021届山东省泰安市高三上学期期末考试英语试题(解析版)

1、高三年级考试英语试注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答 案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Have you always wanted to make your lifestyle more sustainable? Here are a few tips that co

2、mmunity activists, zero-waste experts and eco-friendly shop owners recommend specifically for the pandemic （疫情）.Start with your own maskStill using disposable （一次性的）masks or N95s? Hoiyin Ip, an environmental activist in Orange County, suggests you transition to a cloth mask that you can wash along w

3、ith the rest of your laundry. They are reusable, sustainable and generally more comfortable too.Eat smartYou may be tired of your own cooking and eating at home. When ordering takeout. Ip suggests asking the restaurant to keep its plastic cutlery （餐具）：Befbre you walk away with your to-go bag, check,

4、 look into your bag to see if you have this stuff, and give it back to the restaurant, "Ip said.Electronic wasteOnce your electronic device has worn out, recycle it. Battery collections in California are down a third compared to last yean he said, because many collection spots have closed or re

5、duced hours. He advises collecting old batteries in a bag and recycling them at a drop-off location near you.Buy in bulkEnvironmental advocate Monica Campagna is creatively adapting by purchasing large quantities of her essentials like rice, pasta and cereal and refilling a reusable container at hom

6、e. While she doesn't get rid of disposables altogether buying in bulk avoids lots of small plastic bags, and the bigger bags can be reused.1. Why does Hoiyin Ip suggest using cloth masks?A. Generally, there is no need to wash.B. You can spend little money on them.C. They are sustainable and more

7、 comfortable.D. They're strong enough to reuse for a long time.2. Which is true about 'eating smart' ?A. Walk away with your to-go bag.B. Don't take away the restaurant s cutlery.C. Do your best to cook and eat at home.D. Order takeout to avoid waste.3. In order to make your lifestyl

8、e more sustainable, you should.A. still use disposable masks or N95sB. usually go to the restaurant to eatC. throw old batteries into dustbinsD. purchase large quantities of your essentials【答案】l.c 2.B3.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些由社区活动家、零废物专家和环保商店老板针对疫情特别 推荐的能够让生活方式更加可持续的建议。【1题详解】细行理解题，根据第二段 “They are reusa

9、ble, sustainable and generally more comfortable too. （它们是可重复使用的，可持续的，而且通常也更舒适。）”可知，Hoiyin Ip认为布口罩可持续利用并且更舒适，所以建议使用这种口罩。故选C项。【2题详解】细行理解题。根据第三段 “ Before you walk away with your to-go bag, check, look into your bag to see if you have this stuff, and give it back to the restaurant.（在你带着你的打包袋离开之前， 检查你的包里

10、是否有这些东西，并把它交还给餐厅。）”可知，eating smart也是一种可持续的生活方式，意味着打包食物的时候不带走餐馆的餐具。故选B项， 【3题详解】细。理解题。根据最后一段小标题“Buy in bulk （大量购买）”以及“While she doesn't get nd of disposables altogether buying in bulk avoids lots of small plastic bags, and the bigger bags can be reused.（虽然她并没有完全抛弃一次性用品，但批量购买可以避免大量的小塑料袋，而且大 塑料袋可以重复

11、使用。）”可知，购买大包装的生活必需品是一种环保可持续的生活方式， D项正确。A、B、C项都不符合可持续的生活理念。故选D项。BBrave heart is a historical film released in 1995. It was directed by and starred Mel Gibson and was loosely based on the story of 13th-century Scottish leader William Wallace. The movie was a surprise winner of the Academy Award for Be

12、st Picture.After William Wallace's fatlier and brother are killed in the battle against the English, Wallace is sent to continental Europe to be educated. He returns to Scotland as an adult （played by Gibson） and marries his childhood sweetheart, Murron. When English soldiers try to hurt Murron,

13、 Wallace saves her but the soldiers make a second attempt and she is caught and killed. Wallace then leads his family to fight the English troops. He continues to fight to force the English to leave Scotland, gaining increasing numbers of followers as stories of his brave acts spread. English King E

14、dward I sends Princess Isabella, his son's wife, to negotiate with Wallace for peace, but she is charmed by him and becomes his supporter. She warns Wallace of an upcoming attack from the English.Wallace seeks the support of the Scottish nobles in the fight against the English, but the nobles ar

15、e hesitating. Robert the Bruce is particularly torn. The Scottish fighters are defeated by an army led by King Edward I in the Battle of Falkirk. Wallace tries to kill Edward I himself but is stopped by a soldier, who proves to be Robert the Bnice. Robert then saves Wallace from bemg caught by the E

16、nglish. Later Wallace agrees to meet with Robert in Edinburgh, but Robert's father and other nobles set a trap and catch Wallace. They hand over Wallace to the English. Wallace refiises to give in and before bemg killed, he courageously cries out, “Freedom!”The movie was inspired by a lengthy po

17、em about William Wallace by Blind Harry. It led to an increase of interest in Scottish history, although it contained numerous historical inaccuracies.4. What can we know from Paragraph 1?A. The film is made by a Scottish leader.B. The film is a true story about Mel Gibson.C. The film is about a war

18、 breaking out in 1995.D. The film is adapted from a real historical story.5. Which of the following starts Wallace's fighting against die English?A. Tlie English troops' landing in Scotland.B. His wife's being killed by the English soldiers.C. The failure of negotiation with Princess Isa

19、bella.D. His father and brother's being caught in the battle.6. What happens to Wallace in the end?A. He becomes the leader of the Scottish nobles.B. He drives the English out of Scotland.C. He dies for Scotland s mdependence.D. He gives in to the English King.7. What is this text mainly about?A

20、. A war movie.B. A Scottish historical hero.C. A famous battle in history.D. The independence of Scotland.【答案】4.D5. B 6.C7. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部历史战争片勇敢的心。【4题详解】细门理解题。根据文章第一段"It was directed by and starred Mel Gibson and was loosely based on the story of 13th-century Scottish leader William W

21、allace.(这部电影由梅尔吉布森执导并 主演，根据13世纪苏格兰领袖威廉华莱士的故事改编)”可知，勇敢的心这部电影是 根据一个真实的历史故事改编的。故填D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “He returns to Scotland as an adult (played by Gibson) and marries his childhood sweetheart. Murron. When English soldiers try to hurt Murron, Wallace saves her but the soldiers make a second attempt

22、 and she is caught and killed.（成年后，他回到苏格兰（吉布森 饰演），并与青梅竹马的恋人默伦结婚。当英国士兵试图伤害默伦时，华莱士救了她，但士 兵们再次尝试，她被抓住并被杀死。然后华莱士带领他的家人与英国军队作战）”可知，妻 子被英国士兵杀死引发了华莱士与英格兰人的战争。故选B项。【6题详解】细 方理解题。根据文章第三段 wWallace refuses to give in and before being killed, he courageously cries out, ''Freedom!'' （他们把华莱士交给了英国人。

23、华莱士拒绝屈服，在被杀 前，他勇敢地呼喊“自由!”）”可知，华莱士最后为了苏格兰独立而死。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题，根据文章第一段"Brave heart is a historical film released in 1995. It was directed by and starred Mel Gibson and was loosely based on the story of 13th-century Scottish leader William Wallace.（勇敢的心是一部1995年上映的历史片，它由梅尔吉布森执导并主演，根据 13世纪苏格兰领袖威廉华莱

24、士的故事改编）”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一部历 史战争片勇敢的心。故选A项。CA robotics team in Dublin High School. California, US. has come up with a creative solution to help clean parts of the school during the pandemic a sanitizing drone. It was designed by the Gael Force Robotics Team. and the project has 10 students working to

25、design, construct and eventually fly it.Before the drone, it took five to six hours to disinfect （将 消毒）the bleachers （露天看台）at the football stadium, according to Vice Principal Paul Faris. One of the students then suggested makmg a sanitizing drone to help." Ne decided to challenge ourselves to

26、build the drone to not only keep our students safe, but try to find a cost-effective way to do it/said Niliarika Sura-aijjala, who is a senior and also die team s president and project manager. The drone will have the ability to spray a disinfectant to clean the schoofs 6, 200-square-foot football s

27、tadium.The drone will at first have the ability to be manually flown by an operator on the ground using a phone application, which the students will also develop. Then, the students plan on making upgrades that will include the ability for autonomous flying and even artificial intelligence （AI） so t

28、hat the drone will have depth perception （感 知）and can detect objects on its own, Niharika said. The team researched similar industrial drone models, such as the ones the Atlanta Falcons use for their football stadium. The students found those models can cost up to $15,000. Niharika said:"We can

29、 do a little better than this.'They started a GoFundMe page with a goal of S4.000 to raise funds for parts and equipment to build the drone. The money they got have already surpassed their goal：When built, their drone will also have twice the amount of flight time of other industrial models, at

30、22 minutes without needing to be recharged, she said.The Gael Force Robotics Team is one of the largest clubs at Dublin High, with 180 members. Named after die schools mascot （吉祥 物），the student-run robotics club has six teams that take part in competitions held by VEX. an educational robotics compan

31、y that holds state and national championship games.8. Why did the team decide to build the drone?A. To get rid of rubbish around the school.B. To solve the problem of lacking staff.C. To make disinfecting cheaper and more efficient.D. To protect students from the disinfectants.9. What will the first

32、 version of the sanitizing drone be able to do?A. Fly with an operator aboard to control it.B. Fly according to orders given via an app.C. Perceive depth on its own while flying.D. Detect things autonomously when flying.10. Compared with similar industrial drones, the sanitizing drone.A. will be fun

33、ded by the schoolB. will be named after the schoofs mascotC. can be recharged more quicklyD. will cost less to make and will be able to fly longer 11. What is the purpose of the text?A. To introduce a sanitizing drone.B. To praise a successful robotics team.C. To explain the importance of sanitizing

34、.D. To look forward to the future of the drones.【答案】8.C9. B 10. D 11. A【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国加利福尼亚州都柏林高中一个机器人团队设计了 一款能够在疫情期间用于校I园清洁的消毒无人机。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 wBefore the drone, it took five to six hours to disinfect the bleachers at the football stadium, according to Vice Principal Paul Faris （据副校长保

35、罗法瑞斯 说，在有无人机之前，他们花了五到六个小时为足球场的露天看台消毒）”以及“We decided to challenge ourselves to build the drone to not only keep our students safe, but try to find a cost-effective way to do it,'said Niliarika Siiravarjjala. who is a senior and also the team s president and project manager.（“我们决定挑战自我，制造这架无人机不仅是为了

36、保护学生的安全， 还试图找到一种经济有效的方法，" NiharikaSuravaijjala说，他是一名大四学生，也是该团 队的主席和项目经理）”可知，这个团队决定制造无人机是为了使消毒更经济更有效。故选 C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “The drone will at first have the ability to be manually flown by an operator on the ground using a phone application, which the students will also develop.（无人机首 先能够由地面上

37、的操作员通过手机应用程序手动飞行，学生们也将开发这一应用程序）”可 知，第一个版本的消毒无人机可以根据应用程序下达的命令飞行。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段"The students found those models can cost up to SI5.000. Niharika said:"We can do a little better than this.,They started a GoFundMe page witli a goal of $4.000 to raise funds for parts and equipment to

38、 build the drone. The money they got have already surpassed their goal”（学生们发现，这些模型的价格高达1.5万美元。Niharika说：“我们可以做得更 好一点。他们在GoFundMe上创建了一个页面，目标是筹集4000美元，购买制造无人机的 零部件和设备。他们得到的资金已经超过了他们的目标“）”以及文章第四段“Whenbuilt, their drone will also have twice the amount of flight time of other industrial models, at 22 min

39、utes without needing to be recharged. she said.（她说，一旦建成，他们的无人机的飞行时间将是其 他工业型号的两倍，22分钟不需要充电）”可知，与同类工业无人机相比，消毒无人机制 造成本更低，飞行时间更长。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 A robotics team in Dublin High School California, US, has come up with a creative solution to help clean parts of the school during the pandemic a sa

40、nitizing drone. It was designed by the Gael Force Robotics Team, and the project has 10 students working to design. construct and eventually fly it.（美国加州都柏林高中的一个机器人团队想出了一个创 造性的解决方案，帮助在疫情期间清洁学校的部分区域一一消毒无人机。它是由Gael Force 机器人团队设计的，该项目由1。名学生设计、建造并最终试飞）”及全文内容可知，本文 的目的是介绍一款消毒无人机。故选A项。DThinking of getting

41、your child to take up a sport that involves a coach or instructor? There is a piece of good news. A new study finds that children who join in organized physical activities at a young age are less likely to have emotional difficulties by the time they turn 12.“The primary school years are a critical

42、time in child development： said Frederic N. Briere, a professor of psycho-education who led the study”. And every parent wants to raise a well-adjusted child/ Besides keepmg children from sitting for long, physical activities, such as structured sports, have the potential physical and mental benefit

43、s, Briere believes, something parents seem to know instinctively 值觉地）.“We followed a large representative population of typically developing Canadian children over time to examine whether consistent participation in organized sports from ages 6 to 10 would lessen risks associated with emotional dist

44、ress, anxiety, shyness, social withdrawal at agel2/aid Bnere/40nr goal was to test this question as critically as possible by excluding pre-existmg child or family conditions that could ofier a difiereiit explanation/' To do this, Briere and his team examined data from children born in 1997 or 1

45、998. From ages 6 to 10, mothers reported whether their child participated in organized physical activities. At age 12, teachers reported on the child s levels of emotional distress, anxiety, shyness, and social withdrawal at school.The results revealed that children who participated in sports consis

46、tently from ages 6 to 10 showed fewer cases of those factors at age 12 than their peers who did not engage in physicalactivities in a consistent way： said Briere.fc Ns found these benefits above and beyondpre-existmg individual and family characteristicBriere concluded.八Getting kids actively involve

47、d in organized sports seems to promote global development. This involvement appears to be good on a socio-emotional level apart from the physical benefits it brings. Being less emotionally troubled between primary and high school is a priceless benefit for children, as they are about to enter a much

48、 larger universe with bigger academic challenges.”12. What does Briere,s study show about doing organized sports?A. It helps children improve study efficiency.B. Il improves children's personality development.C. It strengtheas children s relationship with tlieir parents.D. It helps prevent child

49、ren from having emotional problems.13. What can we know about the study process?A. It investigates children from similar backgrounds.B. It requires cooperation from children's parents and teachers.C. It focuses on how children fit in with the environment.D. It takes children's personal habit

50、s into consideration.14. What does the underlined phrase “those factors'' in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Children's personal characteristics.B. Children s performances in die study.C. Childien s emotional problems.D. Children s daily activities.15. Why is emotional health important to childr

51、en between age 6 and 12?A. They will soon face great academic stress.B. They go through a quick development.C. They are too busy to participate in sports.D. They are more likely to have mental problems.【答案】12.D13. B 14. C 15.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 BriZre主持的一项研究结果一一在很小的时候就参加有 组织的体育活动的孩子在他们12岁时出现情绪问题的可

52、能性更小。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “A new study finds that children who join in organized physical activities at a young age are less likely to have emotional difficulties by the time they turn 12.（ 项新的研究发现，在很小的时候就参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在他们12岁时出现情绪问 题的可能性更小。）”可知，在Bridre主持的研究中表示有组织的体育活动有助于防止孩子 有情绪问题。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根

53、据文章第三段 “From ages 6 to 10. mothers reported whether their child participated in organized physical actn-ities. At age 12, teachers reported on the child's levels of emotional distress, anxiety, shyness, and social withdrawal at school.（从 6 岁到 10 岁，母亲们报 告她们的孩子是否参加有组织的体育活动。12岁时，老师报告了孩子在学校的情绪困扰、 焦虑

54、、害羞和社交退缩的程度。）”说明BriZre主持的研究需要孩子的家长和老师的合作。 故选B项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第一段 “A new study finds that children who join in organized physical activities at a young age are less likely to have emotional difficulties by the time they turn 12.（ 项新的研究发现，在很小的时候就参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在他们12岁时出现情绪问 题的可能性更小。）”以及第四段 <<4Th

55、e results rep ealed tliat cliildren who participated in sports consistently from ages 6 to 10 showed fewer cases of those factors at age 12 than their peers who did not engage m physical actn ities in a consistent way/' said Bnere. （Briere 称：”研究结果显示， 与那些不经常参加体育活动的同龄人相比，那些6岁至10岁经常参加体育活动的孩子在12 岁时出

56、现这些因素的情况要少一些。“）”可知，经常参加体育活动的人出现情绪问题的可 能性更小，因此推断those factors指的是情绪问题。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"Being less emotionally troubled between primary and high school is a priceless benefit for children, as they are about to enter a much larger universe with bigger academic challenges.（对孩子们来说，在小学和高中期间少

57、一些情感困扰是一个无价 的好处，因为他们即将进入一个更广阔的世界，面临更大的学业挑战。）”可知，情绪健康 对于孩子很重要的原因在于他们很快就会面临巨大的学业压力。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题25分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。The pay-what-you-want pricing system is a model used by several types of businesses. Instead of charging a set price for items, the business allows

58、 customers to pay whatever amount they feel is acceptable.Despite the financial risk, businesses usually depend oncustomers' generosity and sense of fairness.The pay-what-you-want strategy has existed in cities such as Berlin and London since around 1999. In the U.S.Jt was introduced by a restau

59、rant in Salt Lake City in 2003.Since then, some other organizations have employed pay-what-you-want as an experimental concept.Pay-what-you-want policies have been somewhat less effective in restaurants and health care provider settings. 18 In 2007, for example, the band Radiohead offered its new album as an online download using the pay-what-you-want system, resulting in a large number of sales.9 Some peopl