(完整版)高中英语名词性从句讲解

1、实用文档名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1.考查名词性从句的语序问题2.考查引导词that与what的区别3 .考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4.考查whether与if的区别5 .考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与 no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6 .考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾

2、语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种 从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词： when, where, how, why1 .主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that , whether , if和连接代词 what, who, which ,whatever , whoever以及连接副词 how, when, where, w

3、hy等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接 代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，

4、而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：(1) It + be + 名词 + that 从句(2) It + be + 形容词 + that 从句(3) It + be +动词的过去分词 + that 从句(4) It + 不及物动词 + that 从句另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气" (should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) thatIt is a pity (a shame, no wonder

5、, etc.) thatIt is suggested (requested, propose d, desired, etc.) that 2 .宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在 句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1 .由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他

6、明天要去上海。We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。注意： 在 demand order、suggest > decide > insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“( should ) +动词原形”。例如：I insist that she (should) do her work alone.我坚持要她自

7、己工作。文案大全实用文档The commander ordered that troops （should） set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发。2 . 用 who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词弓I导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如： I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。She always thinks of how she can work well

8、.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。3 .用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if ：a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c .引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“or not”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting qu

9、estion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.切要看我们是否有足够的钱。4 .注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如： he studies English every day.（从句用一般现在时）he studied English last term.（从句用一般过去时）I know （that） he will study English next year.（从句用一般将来时）he has studied English since

10、1998.（从句用现在完成时）当主句动词是过去时态（could, would 除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时, 过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如： The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。5 . think, believe, imagine, suppose 即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如： We don' t think you are here.我们认为你不在这。I d

11、on ' t believe he wil l do so.我相信他不会这样做。6 .表语从句+系动词+ that 从句。例如：事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。那就是他为什么不到会的原因。看上去天要下雨了。引导而不是 because o例如：在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用 as if引导。其基本结构为：主语The fact is that we have lost the game.That is why he didn ' t come to the meeting.需要注意的，当主语是reason

12、时，表语从句要用 thatIt looks as if it is going to rain.The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning名词性从句专项练习100题1. His success was because of he had been working hard.A. thatB. the fact whichC. the fact thatD. the fact2. “Is Mary from New York City ""I don

13、9;t know.”A. from what city does she come fromB. from what city she comeC. what city does she come fromD. what city she comes from3. makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhoeverD.文案大全Whatever4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was a new job.A. because I gotB. because of gettin

14、gC. I gotthat I got5. It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey.A. whileB. thatC. iffor 6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why.A. did he do thatB. he did thatC. he didD.D.D. hehas done so7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to knowA. how he is getting alongC. what he is getting al

15、ong8. It is generally considered unwise to give a childA. howeverB. whatever9. He asked me with me.A. what is the troubleC. what was the matter10. I am sure he said is true.A. thatB. about thatB. how is he getting alongD. what is he getting along he or she wants.C. whicheverB. what wrong wasD. what

16、trouble it isC. of thatD. wheneverD.that what11. When and why he came here yet.A. is not known B. are not known12. I wonder how much.A. does the watch costC. has not knownB. did the watch costD. have not beeC. the watch costedD. the watch costs13. Mary is someone might recognize her.A. afraid ofB. a

17、fraid aboutafraid forC. afraid thatD.14.is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late15. They came to the conclusion by a computer.A. that not all things can be doneC. being not all things can be done8. Owing to a few minutes lateD.

18、Being a few minutes late8. because of not all things be doneD. because not all things can be done16. Why the explosion occurred was the laboratory attendant had been careless.A. forB. because17. I don't doubt he'll come.A. thatB. ifC. sinceC. whatD. thatD. whether18.一文案大全Why did you go to th

19、e wrong class, Mr. Wang实用文档一 “Well,Iforget I was supposed to go to.”A. which the roomB. which roomC. what was the roomD. what room was it19. Output is now six times it was before liberation.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. ofwhich20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.C

20、arol: Yes. Because she's always saved.A. what little she earnsB. how little she earnsC. for little she earnsD. with little she earns21.surprised me most was such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.That whatB. What thatC. That - whichD. What - whichC. thatD. this22. We gave him

21、 help we could.A. whichB. what23. She is pleased with what you have given him andA. thatB. which24. Excuse me would you please tell meA. when the sports meet is taken placeC. when is the sports meet to begin25. Do you happen to knowA. what size shoes he wearsC. what is the size of his shoesyou have

22、told him.C. all whatD. all thatB. when is the sports meet going to be heldD. when the sports meet is to take placeB. how big shoes he wearsD. what number shoes are his文案大全26. This book will show you can be used in other contexts.D. was heA. how you have observedC. that you have observed27. Where do

23、you thinkA. has he gone B. has he beenB. how what you have observedD. how that you have observedC. he's gone28. Do you knowA. how many populations there are in the worldB. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is29.

24、 Would you go and see outsideB. what Tom has happenedD. what the matter had beenA. what to take placeC. what is happening30. The subject of "What is interesting is that I do not even know him." isA. whatB. interesting31.1 think he is Charles.C. What is interestingD. ID. did they live inD.

25、no matter whatA. Who do you think he isC. Whom do you think he is32. He didn't know which room.A. they livedB. they lived in33. The little boy ate his mother gave him.A. thatB. whichB. Do you think who he isD. Do you think who he isC. did they liveC. whatever34. The city is no longer.A. what it

26、isB. that it used to beC. which it wasD.35. My parents used they had to get a new car for me.A. whichB. thatC. what36. we go swimming every day us a lot of good.A. If - doB. That - doC. If - doesD.what it used to beD. all whatThat does37 .was the idea the wife thought ofA. What - that B. That - what

27、38 .did he tell his wife he wished to doA. That - what B. What - thatC. How whyC. Where-whichD. Why howD. Which where39. One of the men held the view the book said was right.A. what thatB. that whatC. that whichD. whichthat40. I have no idea or not he has finished the work.A. ifB. that41. “ Do you k

28、now"一 “His father is a doctor. ”A. what is his fatherC. what his father is42. Is this we met each other two years agoA. placeB. place in which43. It Bob drives badly.A. thinks thatB. is thought whatC. whetherB. who is his fatherD. who his father isC. whereC. thought thatD. whichD.D.place whichi

29、s thought that44. We all know the truth there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A. whereB. whereverC. thatD.that wherever45. They discussed they could settle the problem without others' help.A. ifB. thatC. whatD.whether46. She askedA. what I was doing when she rang me upC. when

30、 she rang me up what I was doingB. what was I doing when she rang me upD. when did she ring me up what I was doing47. May I borrow the ring You can take you like.thatbe,sendA. no matter whatB. which48. He said that he was fond of.A. what beautiful isC. beautiful is what49. He insisted that he in goo

31、d health andA. was, be sent B. is, is sentC. whicheverDB. what is beautifulD. what it is beautifulto work there.C. be, was sentD50. Do you know he expects will give us a talkA. whoB. whomC. thatD. whose实用文档51. It's uncertain the experiment is worth doing.howA. ifB. thatC. whetherD.52. They would

32、 have fixed the telephone yesterday it was a holiday.but forA. exceptB. except forC. except thatD.53.is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.A. Whichever is hardB. No matter what is hardC. What is hardD. All what is hard54 .the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.

33、 ThatB. WhatC. HowD. Which55 . As the day was fine, I made the suggestion for a walk in the park.A. we goB. we will goC. should we goD. that we go56 .we can't get seems better than we have.A. What, what B. What, thatC. That, thatD. That, what57 .you don't like him is none of my business.A. W

34、hatB. WhoC. ThatD. Whether58 . You can't imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited59 .we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.WhereA. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD.60 .he really me

35、ans is he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. Why thatD. If what61.is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A. ThatB. WhyC. HowD. Who62 .we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A. WhenB. WhyC. WhatD. That63 .the house will be built will be discussed a

36、t tomorrow's meeting.WhatA. IfB. WhereC. ThatD.64 .he won't go there is clear to all of us.A. HowB. WhatC. WhyD. This65 .you come or not is up to you.A. WhatB. IfC. WhyD. Whether66 .makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. Anybody67 .team will win the match is a matter of

37、 public concern.A. WhichB. ThatC. IfD. How68 .Three days later, word came our country had sent up another man-made satellite.A. whichB. whenC. thatD. where69 .The problem is will go to the meeting.A. whyB. whenC. whatD. who70.1 t looks it were going to rain.文案大全实用文档73. We thought _strange that Tom d

38、id not come yesterday.A. thatB. itC. this74.The factA. which_ she had not said anything surprised all of us.B. whatC. that75.What I'm considering nowthe money we need.A. isB. areC. wereB. that gentleman is whoD. whom is that gentlemanC. WhoeverC. that录相机)are the same.C. that all ofD. whyD. whatD

39、. howD.D. WhoD.suchD.D. XD. whetherD. which of thoseD. WhenD. how thatD. whenD.A. even ifB. as ifC. even thoughD. like71 .That is he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how72 .That is Lu Xun once lived.A. whatB. whereC. that was76.Can you tell meA. who is that gentlemanC. who that gentlem

40、an is77.1 eaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. AnyoneB. The person78. It is well known a person eats causes changes in the body.A. that what, when, and howB. thatC. whatD. how79. The energy is makes the cells able to do their work.A. thatB. whichC. what80. Jack was soon told he did wa

41、s not necessary.A. whyB. thatC. how why what81. We should think carefully about Mr. Needham said at the meeting.A. thatB. whatC. which82. Can you point out two radios are the bestA. whichB. what83. You will easily know video recorders (A. what thoseB. that of those84. you have seen things like these

42、 before doesn't matter.A. IfB. WhetherC. What85. I asked her in English she was, and she told me she was an actress.A. who thatB. who XC. what X86. She took it for granted I'd be back home an hour ago.A. thatB. whetherC. if87. We think it possible the local government will be able to solve t

43、he housing problem.88. Now there is a dangerthe ground may fall in (沉下)under the heavy traffic.A. forB. thatC. when howA. whetherB. ifC. XD. that89. At that time I had no idea I could hand it to him without being seen.A. ifB. howC. whichD. that how90. Last Sunday he promised today, but he hasn't appeared yet.A. that he would comeB. that he will comeC. he will come to see meD. whether he would come91. Last Sunday he made a promise he was free he would take me to Qingdao.A. ifB. thatC. that ifD. whether92. Do you have any ideaA. when Miss Smith will arriveC. how will Miss Smith a