小学六年级英语语法要点及习题

1、小学英语语法要点及习题一、名词复数规那么1 .一般情况下,直接加-s ,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2. 以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,加-es, 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3. 以“辅音字母+y结尾,变y 为i, 再加-es ,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4. 以“f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如：knife-knives5 . 不规贝U 名词 复数： man-men, woman-wo

2、men, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice , child-children , foot-feet, tooth-teeth , fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese6. 合成词单复数变化规那么1以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式.例如：homework, newspaper等.2以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数.例如： woman doctor,women doctors, man waiter

3、 ,men waiters.7. 集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数.例如：people police 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people, a police, 但可以说 a person a policeman, the English, the British, the French the Chinese, the Japanesethe Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如 The Chinese are industries and brave.中国 人民是勤劳勇敢的.写出以下各词的复数Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfootb

4、ookdresstoothsheepbox_ strawberry _thiefpeachsandwichmanwomanpaperjuicewatermilkricetea二、一般现在时一般现在时根本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态.如： The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的.2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作.如：I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床.3. 表示客观现实.如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转.一般现在时的构成1. be 动词：主语 +be(am,is,are

5、)+ 其它.如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩.2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它).如：We study English.我们学习英语.当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it) 时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es.如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语.一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化.否认句：主语+ be + not + 其它.如：He is not a worker.他不是工人.一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它.如:-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句：疑

6、问词+一般疑问句.如： Where is my bike?2. 行为动词的变化.否认句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) + 动词原形(+其它).如：I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 doesn't构成否认句.如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+ 其它.如：-Do you often play football?-Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 does构成一般疑问句.如：-Does she g

7、o to work by bike?-Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句.如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规那么1. 一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch.结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练：一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数dri

8、nkgo_ staymake _lookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudy_brushdoteach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空.1. He often(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy(be) in Class One.3. We(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they(like) the World Cup?6. What they often(do) on Saturdays?7. your parents

9、(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I(take) a walk together every evening.10. There(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike(like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully.14. You alwaysdo your homework well.15. Ibe ill

10、. I ' m staying in bed.16. Shego to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Taodo not like PE.18. The child oftenwatch TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yanghave eight lessons this term.20. What daybe it today?It ' s Saturday.三、根据要求改写句子1. Tom watches TV every evening. 改为否认句2. I do my homework

11、 every day.改为一般疑问句,作否认答复3. She likes milk.改为一般疑问句,作肯定答复4. Amy likes playing computer games.改为一般疑问句,作否认答复5. We go to school every morning.改为否认句6. He speaks English very well. 改为否认句7. I like taking photos in the park.对划线局部提问8. John comes from Canada. 对划线局部提问9. She is a good student.改为一般疑问句,作否认答复10. Si

12、mon and Daniel like going skating.改为否认句五、改错划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上1. Is your brother speak English?2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don ' t do her homework on Sundays.三、现在进行时1. 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或 现阶段正在进行的动作.2. 现在进行时的肯

13、定句根本结构为 be+动词ing.3. 现在进行时的否认句在be后加not.4 .现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首.5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的根本结构为：疑问词不达意+ be + 主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+ be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规那么1. 一般情况下,直接加ing,如：cook-cooking2. 以不发音的 e结尾,去 e 加 ing , 如： make-making, taste-tasting3. 如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing ,如: run-running, stop-stopping现

14、在进行时专项练习：一、写出以下动词的现在分词：play run swim makego like write skiread have sing danceput see buy lovelive take come getstop sit begin shop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1. The boy( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother( cook )some nice food now.4. What you( do ) now?5. Look . They(

15、 have) an English lesson .6. They(not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She(listen ) to music.9. It ' s 5 o ' clock now. We(have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问

16、句和否认句)2. The students are cleaning the classroom .(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否认答复)3. I ' m playing the football in the playground .对划线局部进行提问4. Tom is reading books in his room .对划线局部进行提问四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、方案或准备做某事.句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year ,soon, the day after tomorrow后天等.

17、二、根本结构： be going to + do ; will+ do.三、否认句:在be动词am, is, are l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won' t. 例如:I ' m going to have a picnic this afternoon. ,I ' m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称 互换.例如: We are going to go on an outing this weekend. ,Are

18、you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线局部提问.一般情况,一般将来时的对划线局部有三种情况.1. 问人.Who例如：I ' m going to New York soon. Who s going to New Yorksoon.2. 问干什么.What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with methis afternoon. ,What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候. When例如：

19、She' s going to go to bed at nine. When is shegoing to bed?六、同义句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow 明天.=I will go swimming tomorrow.练习：填空.1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊.I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛我想去打篮球.Whatnext Monday?I play basketball.What

20、you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗是,她要去买一些水果.your mother go shopping this?Yes, she. She buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面.What time you meet?改句子.5. Nancy is going to go on a picnic.(改否认)Nancy going to go on a picnic.6. I ' ll go and visit them.(改否认)I go visit them.7. I ' m going

21、 to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus station at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)meet at the bus station at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线局部提问)she after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)go

22、ing to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空.11. Today is a sunny day. We(have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother(go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He(go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually(watch) TV and(ca

23、tch) insects?15. It ' s Friday today. What she(do) this weekend? She(watch) TV and(catch) insects.16. What(d0) you do last Sunday? I(pick) appleson a farm. What(do) next Sunday?I (milk) cows.17. Mary(visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao(fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David(gi

24、ve) a puppet show next Monday.20. I(plan) for my study now五、一般过去时1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状 语连用.一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢.2. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去时中变为 was. (was not=wasn' t)(2)are 在一般过去时中变为 were. (were not=weren ' t)带有was或were的句子,其否认、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样,即否认句在was或were后加not, 一般疑问

25、句把 was或 were调到句首.3. 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否认句：didn ' t + 动词原形,女口： Jim didn ' t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形.如:Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式如: Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规那么：1 .一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-c

26、ooked2 .结尾是 e 加 d,如:taste-tasted3. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再力口-ed,如：stop-stopped4. 以“辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i , 再加-ed,如：study-studied5. 不规那么动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-m

27、ade, read-read, write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习写出以下动词的过去式is/am fly plant aredrink play go makedoes dance worry askeat draw put eatthrow pass doBe动词的过去时练习1一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two

28、 years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1. It was exciting.否认句:_般疑问句：肯、否认答复：2. They were in his pocket.否认句:_般疑问句：肯、否

29、认答复：Be动词的过去时练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Ye

30、sterday the first of June. ItChildren ' s Day. All the students very excited.行为动词的过去时练习一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He(live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat(eat) a bird last night.3. We(have) a party last Halloween.4. I(make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.5. They(play) chess in the classroom last PE les

31、son.6. My mother(cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.7. The girls(sing) and(dance) at the party.二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否认句:_般疑问句：肯、否认答复：2. Sam went to school early.否认句:_般疑问句：肯、否认答复：3. We sang some English songs.否认句:_般疑问句：肯、否认答复：行为动词的过去时练习(2)一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I(watch) a

32、cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.6. What she(find) in the garden last morning?She(find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型转换1. They played football

33、 in the playground.否认句:_般疑问句：肯、否认答复：三、中译英1. 斯玛特先生去年住在中国.2. 昨天我们参观了农场.过去时综合练习(1)一、用动词的适当形式填空1. It(be) Amy ' s birthday last Friday.2. We all(have) a good time last night.3. He(jump) high on last Sports Day.4. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. (read)5. He football now, but they baske

34、tball just now. (play)9. I(watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We(go) to school on Sunday.过去时综合练习(2)一、用动词的适当形式填空1. It(be) the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr Smart(go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan(put) the book on his head a moment ago.3. Don ' t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)4. What you just

35、now? I some housework. (do)5. They(make) a kite a week ago.6. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he. (water)7. She(be) a pretty girl. Look, she(do) Chinese dances.8. The students often(draw) some pictures in the art room.六、形容词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用： 两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般 带有单词than.比较级前面可以用

36、more, a little 来修饰表示程度.than后的人 称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格).2 .形容词加er的规那么：一般在词尾加er ;以字母e结尾,加r ;以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 er ;以“辅音字母+y结尾,先把y变i ,再加er.3. 不规那么形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful三、练习一) 、写出以下形容词的比较级old young tall longshort strong big smallfat thin heavy lightnice good beautiful二) 、根据句意填入

37、单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years(old)than me.2. Tom is as(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary ' s hair is as(long) as Lucy ' s.7. Ben(jump)(high) than some of the boys in

38、 his class.8. My eyes are(big) than(she).9. Which is(heavy),the elephant or the pig?三) 、译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大is than Jim ?2、谁比David更强壮than David?3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的pencil is,or ?4、谁的苹果更重,你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的我的弟弟的.apples,your or your?My.七、There be 句型与have, has的区别1、There be句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在there be句型中,主语是单数,be动词用is ;主语

39、是复数,be动词用are ; 如有几件物品,be动词根据最近be动词的那个名词决定.3> there be句型的否认句在be动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be动词调到句首.4、there be 句型与have(has)的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物(或人)； have(has)表示某人拥有某物.5、some和 any 在there be 句型中的运用： some用于肯定句, any 用于否认句 或疑问句.6、and和or在there be句型中的运用：and用于肯定句,or用于否认句或疑 问句.7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的根本结构是：How many +名词复数 + ar

40、e there +介词短语How much +不可数名词+ is there +介词短语8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的根本结构是：Whaf s +介词短语Fill in the blank with“have,has or “there is , there are1. I a good father and a good mother.2. a telephone on the desk.3. He a radio.4. a basketball in the playground.5. She some dresses.6. They a nice garden(花园).7. What d

41、o you?8. a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike?10. any books in the bookcase?11. My father a story-book.12. a story-book on the table.13. any flowers in the vase?14. How many students in the classroom?15. My parents some nice pictures.16. some maps on the wall.17. a map of the world on th

42、e wall.18. many children on the hill.用恰当的be动词填空.1、There a lot of sweets in the box.2、There some milk in the glass.3、There some people under the the big tree.4、There a picture and a map on the wall.5、There a box of rubbers near the books.6、There lots of flowers in our garden last year.7、 There a cake

43、 behind the fridge冰箱yesterday.8、There four cups of coffee on the table.Fill in the blank with“ have, has 1. I a nice dress.2. He a good friend.3. They some books.4. We some flowers.5. She a duck.6. My father a new bike.7. Her mother a vase.8. Our teacher an English book.9. Our teachers a basketball.

44、10. Nancy many skirts.11. David some jackets.12. My friends a football.13. What do you?14. What does Mike?15. What do your friends?16. What does Helen?17. His brother a basketball.18. Her sister a nice doll.19. Miss Li an English book.八、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than之后),宾格一般位于动词或介

45、词之后.2、 物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性那么单独使用,后面不带名词.人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性我I me 我的my mine你,你们you you 你的,你们的 your yours他 he him 他的 his his她 she her 她的 her hers它 it it 它的 its its我们 we us 我们的 our ours他(她,它)们they them 他(她,它)们的their theirs一.用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is

46、 verybig. ( I )2. The dress is. Give it to. ( she )3. Is t his watch? (you) No, it ' s not. ( I )4.is my is Jack. Look! Those stamps are. ( he )5. dresses are red. (we) What colour are? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but where ' s? ( you )