汽车专业英语词汇(零件)

1、汽车专业英语词汇汽车automobile拖拉机tractor铁路机车locomotive有轨电车tram无轨电车trolley军用车辆military vehicle蒸汽机steam engine煤气机gas engine汽油机gasoline engine国民经济national economy国内生产总值(GDP Gross Domestic Production 全拆散(CKD Completely Knock Down半拆散(SKD Semi-Knock Down改革开放reform and opening技术引进technical import国产化localization支柱产业p

2、illar estate轿车car客车bus, coach货车truck, lorry公路用车road vehicle非公路用车off-road vehicle发动机engine机体engine body曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构valve timing mechanism供给系fuel supply system冷却系cooling system润滑系lubricating system点火系ignition system起动系starting system底盘chassis传动系power train离合器clutch变速器gear

3、box传动轴propeller shaft驱动桥drive axle行驶系running gear车架frame悬架suspension前轴front axle桥壳axle housing车轮wheel转向系steering system转向盘steering wheel转向器steering gear转向传动装置steering linkage助力装置power assisting device制动系braking system控制装置control device供能装置power supply device传动装置transfer device制动器brake车身body车前板制件fron

4、t end panels车身壳体body shell车门door车窗window附属装置auxiliary device货箱carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动(FR front engine rear drive发动机前置前轮驱动(FF front engine front drive发动机后置后轮驱动(RR rear engine rear drive发动机中置后轮驱动(MR midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动(AWD all wheel drive驱动力tractive force阻力resistance滚动阻力rolling resistanc

5、e空气阻力air resistance, drag上坡阻力gradient resistance附着作用adhesion附着力adhesive force附着系数coefficient of adhesion第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机two stroke engine四冲程发动机four stroke engine水冷发动机water cooled engine风冷发动机air cooled engine上止点(UDP upper dead point下止点(LDP lower dead point活塞行程stroke汽缸直径bore工作容积working volume排量swept v

6、olume, displacement进气行程intake stroke压缩行程compression stroke 压缩比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃,敲缸detonation, knock 排气行程exhaust stroke示功图indicating diagram汽缸体cylinder block汽缸盖cylinder head油底壳oil sump活塞piston连杆connecting rod曲轴crankshaft飞轮flywheel进气门intake valve排气门exhaust valve挺柱tappet推杆push rod摇臂

7、rocker凸轮轴camshaft正时齿轮timing gear燃油箱fuel tank燃油泵fuel pump汽油滤清器gasoline filter化油器carburetor空气滤清器air cleaner进气管intake manifold排气管exhaust manifold火花塞spark plug点火线圈ignition coil断电器breaker蓄电池storage battery发电机generator水泵water pump散热器radiator风扇fan放水阀drain valve水套water jacket分水管distributive pipe机油泵oil pump集

8、滤器suction filter限压阀relief valve润滑油道oil passage机油滤清器oil filter机油冷却器oil cooler起动机starting motor有效功率effective power有效转矩effective torque燃油消耗率specific fuel consumption发动机转速特性engine speed characteristic节气门开度throttle percentage部分特性partial characteristic外特性outer characteristic第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cy

9、linder liner发动机支承engine mounting活塞顶piston top活塞头部piston head活塞裙piston skirt开槽slot活塞环piston ring气环compression ring油环oil ring环槽groove活塞销piston pin主轴承main bearing主轴承盖main bearing cap主轴瓦main shell连杆轴承big end bearing连杆盖big end cap起动爪cranking claw带轮pulley平衡重counter weight发火顺序firing order扭振减振器torsional vib

10、ration damper第三章配气机构顶置气门(OHV Over Head Valve顶置凸轮轴(OHC Over Head Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机multi-valve engine气门间隙valve clearance配气相位timing phase气门杆valve stem气门座valve seat气门导管valve guide气门弹簧valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气combustion mixture消声器sil

11、encer, muffler汽油gasoline, petrol分馏distil蒸发性evaporating property热值heat value抗爆性anti-knock property辛烷值(RON Research Octane Number 过量空气系数coefficient of excessive air 理论混合气theoretical mixture稀混合气thin mixture浓混合气thick mixture主供油系统main supply system怠速系统idle system加浓系统thickening system加速系统accelerating syst

12、em浮子float浮子室float chamber针阀needle valve量孔metering jet阻风门choke滤芯filter cartridge沉淀杯sediment cup泵膜pump diaphragm油浴式oil bath type石棉垫a*estos pad预热pre-heating汽油直接喷射gasoline direct injection 电控electronic control多点喷射muti-point injection单点喷射single point injection电路控制circuit control分电器信号distributor signal空气流

13、量信号airflow signal冷却水温信号water temperature signal 第五章柴油机供给系输油泵transfer pump喷油泵fuel injection pump高压油管high pressure fuel pipe发火性ignition property黏度viscosity凝点condensing point备燃期pri-combustion period速燃期rapid combustion period缓燃期slow combustion period燃烧室combustion chamber统一燃烧室united chamber球形燃烧室ball shap

14、e chamber涡流室turbulence chamber预燃室pri-combustion chamber喷油器injector精密偶件precise couple柱塞plunger出油阀delivery valve调速器governor两速调速器two speed governor全速调速器full speed governor定速调速器fixed speed governor综合调速器combined governor气动调速器pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器complex governor

15、喷油提前角调节装置advancer飞块flyweight联轴节coupling粗滤清器primary filter细滤清器secondary filter涡轮增压器turbocharger中间冷却器intermediate cooler第七章冷却系节温器thermostat防冻液anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶compensation reservoirV-带V belt百叶窗shutter大循环big circulation小循环small circulation散热翅片fins第八章润滑系润滑剂lubricant压力润滑pressure lubrication飞溅润滑spl

16、ash lubrication润滑脂grease机油压力传感器oil pressure sensor油封oil seal旁通阀bypass valve机油散热器oil cooler机油尺dip stick加机油口oil filler曲轴箱通风crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次绕组primary winding二次绕组secondary winding热敏电阻heat sensitive resistance点火提前ignition advance分电器distributor活动触点moving contact固定触点fixed contact分火头distributor

17、 rotor arm电容器condenser点火提前装置ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器octane number rectifier中心电极central electrode侧电极side electrode瓷绝缘体ceramic insulator跳火间隙spark gap半导体点火系semi-conductor ignition system晶体管transistor二极管diode三极管triode无触点点火系non-contac

18、t ignition system霍尔效应Hall effect正极板anode负极板cathode隔板separator电解液electrolyte蓄电池格battery cell接线柱terminal电缆cable硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor转子rotor定子stator电刷brush风扇叶轮fan blade电压调节器voltage regulator第十章起动系手摇起动cranking电热塞electric heater plug串激直流发电机serial wound D.C. motor起动齿圈starter ring电磁操纵机构elect

19、ro-magnetic control第十一章新型发动机三角活塞triangular piston转子发动机rotary engine自转rotary motion, rotation公转orbit motion轨迹trajectory齿轮gear齿圈ring gear往复零件reciprocal parts动平衡dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系机械式传动系mechanical transmission液力机械式传动系hydro-mechanical transmission 静液式传动系static-hydraulic transmissi

20、on电力式传动系electrical transmission自动式传动系automatic transmission减速reduction可变速比variable ratios有级变速definite ratios无级变速indefinite ratios无级变速器(CVT Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置general layout发动机横置lateral engine positioning分动器transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和smooth engagement分离彻底thorough separa

21、tion过载overload摩擦表面friction surface摩擦衬片friction liner毂hub主动部分driving part从动部分driven part花键spline压盘pressure plate离合器盖cover plate分离杠杆release lever分离套筒release sleeve分离轴承release bearing主缸master cylinder工作缸working cylinder分离叉release fork间隙调整clearance adjustment踏板pedal踏板自由行程pedal free stroke踏板工作行程pedal wor

22、king stroke铆钉,铆接rivet双片离合器dual disc clutch中央弹簧离合器central spring clutch膜片弹簧离合器diaphragm spring clutch 非线性non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴(第一轴input shaft, drive shaft 输出轴(第二轴output shaft, main shaft 中间轴counter shaft倒挡轴reverse gear shaft常啮合constant mesh低速挡low gear高速挡high gear最高速挡top gear空挡neutral gear一挡the fir

23、st gear二挡the second gear三挡the third gear倒挡reverse gear直接挡direct gear超速挡overdrive动力输出power take-off换挡shift啮合套sliding sleeve同步器synchronizer同步锥面synchro cone变速杆shifting lever手柄handle球铰链ball joint换挡拨叉shifting fork自锁self-lock互锁inter-lock变速驱动桥transaxle加力挡low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器hydraulic coupling泵轮impeller涡轮turbine叶片blade