状语从句讲解与习题附答案解析

1、状语从句（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。位置状语从句可以放在上句之前，也可以放在上句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。（二）状语从句详解1.时间状语从句引导词用法示例when息为当一的时候 。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有时 表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者 讲真

2、话时也没有人相信。Whenhe arrives, I ' ll call you.When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.while息为在一的时候，在的同时"。While引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.的，发生时间较长，并强 调主句和从句的动作同时 发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While John was watching TV, his wife

3、was cooking.as总为一边一边 o As引导的动作是延续性的，发生时间较短，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强心前一后。The writer was angry as he wastravelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space” . He smiled as he stood up.after意为在之后。表小主 旬动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的 从句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don'

4、 t stay too long at your table after you have finished.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.before意为“在之前”。引导的从句不用否定形式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。当主句用You can' t watch TV before you finish your homework. Before it ended,thetheatre was almost empty.My fatherhad

5、leftfor将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作的先后。Canada just before the letter arrived.till意为“直w。一情况r 可以和until互换。如果 主句中的谓语动词是瞬时 动词时，必须用否定形式； 如果主句中的谓语动词是 延续性动词时，用肯定和 否定形式都可以，但表达 的意思/、同。She didn ' t even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to

6、side) light.The fireman worked very hard till the fire was out.until意为“直。在强调句型 中多用until 。如果主句 中的谓语动词是瞬时动词 时，必须用否定形式；如 果主句中的谓语动词是延 续性动词时，用肯定和否 定形式都可以，但表达的 意思/、同。I ' mwaiting for my sister. I won ' t go to see my uncle until she comes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.since意为“自从，从以来”。引导从句的谓语

7、动词可以 是延续性的动词，也可以 是瞬时动词。一般情况下， 从句谓语动词用一般过去 时，而主句的谓语动词用 现在完成时。但在It is + 时间+since从句的句型 中，主句多用一般现在时。I have been studying hard since I entered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.It is five years months since our boss was not in Beijing.as soon as意为“一就”。引导时 问状语从句时，如果主句 用了将来时

8、，从句一般使 用现在时。Tom will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you as soon asI arrive.2.地点状语从句引导词用法示例where意为“哪里”。"where引导 的地点状语从句，（there+ ） 主句” “哪里哪里就”。 主旬在从旬后面时，there 可用口/、用；主句在从句的 前面时，TK都不用there.Where there is a will, there is a way.They were good persons. Where they went, there theywerewar

9、mlywelcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.wherever意为“无论何地”。anywhere/wherever 弓 I 导地 点状语从句+主句。anywhere 本身是个副词，但是常可以 引导从句，相当于连词，意 思相 当于 wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位 于主句之前，也可以位于主 句之后。而wherever本身就 是个连词，表示“在何处， 无论何处”。Wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.I ' ll go anywhere you go.3

10、.条件状语从句引导词用法示例if连词，意为“假如，如果”。当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。Don t talk loudly at the meeting. If you do, you will have to leave.We ll go for a picnic if it doesn' t rain this weekend.unless连词，意为“除非（=if not）。当主句是将来时的 时候，从句要用一般现在 时。Don t discuss the problems with your partner unless you are asked to do so.I

11、 won t go there unless you come with me.4.原因状语从句引导词用法示例as意为“因为”。引导原因 状语从句时表示附带。说 明“双方已知的原因”， 语气比since弱，较为正 式，位置较为灵活（常放 于主句之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As it is raining, you' d better take a taxi.As you are tired, you' d better rest.since意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主旬之前表小已知的、显然的理由（通常被翻译

12、成“既然”），较为正式，语气比because弱。Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the winter, and in Boston, winters are cold.Since everybody is here.because意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，语气较强，最适合why引导的疑问句。Because弓1导的原因状语从句

13、后时可以与because of 短语互换。for意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后，并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。Let's begin our meeting.The woman prefers winter because she can skate.I ' d like to collect stamps because they are interesting.I ' m very tired these days because of studying physi

14、cs.Hecan' t comebecause he is 川.=He can' t comebecause of his illness.He must be ill, for he is absent today.He could not have seen me, for I was not there.5.目的状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为“以至，以便”。目 的状语的谓语常含有 may, might, can, could, should, would 等情态动 词。Try to speak loud enough so that people can hea

15、r you clearly.Mr. Green speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly.in orderthat意为“为了”，相当于sothat. in order to后面可以跟动词原形构成目的状语，不是目的状语从句。We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6.结果状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为“如此以至于。This year it has rainedso+ adj.

16、/adv. 原级 +that,so heavily in South Chinaso是副词，只能修饰形容that lots of problems are词和副词。so还可与表小caused.数量的形容词 many, few,The ice on the lake was somuch, little( 这四个形容thinthatpeople词表不多或少时）连用，形couldn ' t skate on it.成固定搭配。so+ many 或 few+复数可数名词 +that;so+ much或 little+ 不可数 名词+that.Too often, we spend so mu

17、chtime thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the present.There are so few notebooks that I can ' t give you any.such.that意为“如此以至于”。有三种结构 ： such+a(an)+adj.+ 单数不 可数名词 +that; such(+adj.)+ 不可 数名词 +that; such( + adj.) + 复数可数名词+that, such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词 词组。有时可与 so- that 句型转换。It ' s such a

18、wonderful song that we all like it.Simon is such dishonest person that no one believes him.The boy is so young that he can' tgotoschool.= He is such a young boy thathecan' t go to school.7.让步状语从句引导词用法示例though意为“虽然”。不能和but连So it has lived up to now用。但是可以同 yet(still)连 用，构 成though yet(still).th

19、ough较普遍，常用于非正 式的口语和书面语中。even能和though组合表示强调， 在这里 even though=even if(no matter if; though即使也)。though可以独立 用作副词，常放在句末，意为 all the same( 还是；仍然) 或however(可是；然而)。though it isn't strong at all.Though they are twin brothers, they don' t look like each other.Even if/ Even though we couldaffordit,wewou

20、ld affordit,wewouldn' t go abroad for our vacation.although意为“虽然”。不能和but连 用。但是可以同 yet(still)连 用，构 成although yet(still).although 较为正式，语气比 though重，常用以强调让步 概念。even不能和although 组合。Althoughhe diedseveral years ago, I can still remember the days we spent together and what he has taught me about love.Al

21、though we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8.比较状语从句引导词用法示例as-as.意为“和一样”。表示同 级的比较。使用时要注意 第一个as为副词，第二个 as为连词。具基本结构为: as+adj./adv.原级+as。若 有修饰成分，如twice,three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一 个as之前。She is very good at painting. She can paint as well as here teacher.I ran ou

22、t as quickly as possible.not as /so-as意为“和不一样，不如”。也表示同级比较。She is not so (as ) outgoing as her sister.This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.9.方式状语从句引导词用法示例as/(just)as.so 意为“犹如，就像”。引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在Whenin Rome, do as the Romans do.As water is to fish,(just)as.so 结构中位于旬首，这时as从旬带后比喻的含义，意为“正

23、如，就像”，多用于正式义体。so air is to man.as if/ as though意为“就像，好像"。两 者的意义和用法相同， 引出的状语从句谓语多 用虚拟语气，表示与事 实相反，有时也用述语 气，表示所说情况是事 实或实现的可能性较 大。常译作“仿佛似 的，好像似的”。If would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the same age.It looks as if the weather maypick up very soon.练习一一.单项填空1. he 

24、9; s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he to play basketball with us?-1 think he will come if he free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come;will be3. In the zoo if a child into the water and can t swim, thedolphin

25、s may come up him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; helpD. falls; helping4. I don t remember he worked in that city when he wasyoung.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police ask

26、ed the children cross the street the traffic lights turned green.A. not; before B.don t; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday there was something wrongwith my bike.A. when B. that C. until D. because8. I ll go swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall b

27、e C. am D. was9. In the exam, the you are, the mistakesyou will make.A. careful; little B.more careful; fewest C. more careful;fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons you go out to play.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried I wouldn t be late for class.A. since B. so

28、 that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, you d better make a mark youhave any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice all the students could hearhim.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D.

29、 since15. It is that we d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D.such lovely a day16. Mary had much work to do that she stayed at her officeall day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17. I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D

30、. As if18. the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二 . 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑

31、，我都不生气。I am not angry with him, jokes he on me.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students they her their mother.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance we try our best.4. 你一到就给我打个好吗？Will you please call meyou get to Shanghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚

32、持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano she has kept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。, she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist .8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first toget to school.9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，

33、世界将会变得更美好。 to protecting the environment,the world will become much more beautiful.10. 明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didn t come to school .练习二1. The meeting didn't start_ everyone was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if2. .The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didn't go; af

34、ter C. went; until D. didn't go; until3. I won't believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4. .He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; toC. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go;

35、 until; to5. .He _ back until the work _ done.A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is6. .They didn't start the work _ their teacher came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C.

36、arrives in D. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It by hisfather.A. has bought; was bough

37、t B. has got; is bought , C. was bought;has bought . D. has had; was bought "'11. When he got to the station, the train _.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13. We _ TV when the telephone .A. wat

38、ched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D.are watching; rang1 4.By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to readD. finish read15 . I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _?A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; gon

39、eC. haven't seen;have; been D. haven't seen; have; gone16 . Tom_ China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at17 . I won't go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose18 .-Hello! May I speak to Bob?-So

40、rry, but he _ for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away19 . I _ him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20 .Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying21 .Betty didn

41、't go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill.A. because B. but C. until D. if22. May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so23. _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D. For24. _ he cameto study in the university, he has mademuchp

42、rogress in the study of English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After25. I'd like to go swimming the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether26. There are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4.A. both; and B. 'so; that C. either; or D. as; as27. -Do you have a big library

43、?-No, we don't. At least, not_yours.A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as28. Suzhou is not beautiful Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than29. Iron is more useful _ any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D. so30. I want to know _ she is going to see a film.A.

44、 if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. I'll go to see the film with you_I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33. _ you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except34. Although it was raining, still worked in the fi