【英语】完形填空和阅读理解中考经典题型带答案

1、【英语】完形填空和阅读理解中考经典题型带答案一、完形填空1 .完形填空Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish? Maybe you will think it is 1. However, it can be true! Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind. Let me show yousomething about 2 rubbish.Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets, on

2、 the roads, near the buildings. here and there. Many large cities became so ugly 3 it. Nobody likes rubbish, but in fact, some rubbish can be used again. All of us want to solve the problem, we must do something to 4 rubbish. We should take action from now on. 5, some good things will not bewasted.D

3、o you often throw away things you don't need any more? Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use? For Example, when a car gets too old, it may not run any more. But we can use the metal of the car to make something else. When a bottle is empty, it 6 as waste. Y

4、ou don't know bottle glass can be made into sand and used to build streets. Rubbish 7 food can be changed into fertilizer to make plants grow better. It is cheap and safe. And other rubbish can also be used to make building blocks. Now,8 machines are designed for that.9, people will watch films

5、in a beautiful cinema which is built out of rubbish. Besidesbuildings and roads, cities may be made from rubbish. But so far, building beautiful cities madefrom rubbish is only _10.1. A. importantB. understandingC. unbelievableD. possible2. A. returningB. reusingC. reflectingD. repeating3. A. becaus

6、eB. because ofC. instead ofD.as for4. A. make a living asB. make promises toC. make up our mind toD.make use of5. A. On the wayB. By the wayC. In this wayD.Out of the way6. A. will be thrown away B. will throw awayC. threw awayD.was thrown away7. A. fromB. inC. onD.to8. A. fewer and fewerB. less and

7、 lessC. more and moreD.more and less9. A. Some dayB. The other dayC. NowadaysD.In the day10. A. a symbolB. a letterC. a lessonD.a dream【答案】(1) C;(2) B; (3) B; (4)D; (5) C; (6) A;(7) A; (8) C;A; (10) D;【解析】【分析】本文介绍了用垃圾建筑城市的梦想。(1)句意：也许你会认为这是难以置信的。A重要的，B同情的，C难以置彳t的，D可能的，根据行为 However, it can be true 可知能

8、与可能构成转折关系的是难以置信的，故选Co(2)句意：让我给你看一些关于垃圾再利用的东西。A归还，B再用，C反射，D重复，根据Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind如果我们有创造性的头脑，没有什么是 浪费可知是再利用，故选B。(3)句意： 许多大城市因为它变得如此丑陋。A因为，引导从句，B因为，接宾语，C代替, Das for 至于，根据 Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets, on the roads, near the buildings.有时，我们可以在街道上、道路上、建

9、筑物附近看到大量垃 圾，可知因为这些垃圾使得城市丑陋，it是宾格作宾语，故用 because of ,故选B。(4)句意：我们都想解决这个问题，我们必须做些什么来利用垃圾。A以某生，B向 作出承诺，C下决心，D利用，根据rubbish can be used again 可知是来及利用 ， 故选D。(5)句意：以这种方式一些好东西不会被浪费。A在路上，B顺便，C用这种方式，D不碍事，根据垃圾再利用是一种方式，故选Co(6)句意：当一个瓶子空了，它就被当做废物扔掉。when引导的时间状语从句，主语时态是一般将来时，主语 it和throw是被动关系，故是一般将来时被动语态，故选 A。(7)句意：来

10、自食品的垃圾可以变成肥料，使植物长得更好。 A来自，B在里，C 在上，D到，根据本文将垃圾利用，故此处指垃圾的出处用from,故选A。(8)句意： 现在，越来越多的机器就是为此而设计的。machines是名词复数，less修饰不可数名，故排除B和D, fewer更少，此处 根据designed for that可知是越来越多的机器被设计，故选Co(9)句意：有朝一日人们会在用垃圾建造的美丽电影院看电影。A有朝一日，B另一天，C目前，D在白天，根据people will watch 可知是对未来的预测故是有朝一日，故选A。(10)句意：但是到目前为止，用垃圾建造美丽的城市只是梦想。A符号，B信，

11、C课，D梦想，根据 Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish,可知此处是设想，梦想，故选Do【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然 后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍 检查验证。2 .阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。The story goes that two friends were walking across the desert.During the journey

12、 they had a 1, and one friend hit the other in the face. The one whogot hit was hurt, but 2 saying anything, he wrote in the sand, "Today my 3 friend hit me in the face." They kept on walking until they found green fields and a beautiful river where they decided to 4 .The one who had been

13、hit fell into the river and started 5, butthe friend saved him. After he was out of 6, he wrote on a stone, "Today my best friendsaved my life."The friend who 7 and saved his best friend asked him, "After I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now you write on a stone. Why? "The o

14、ther 8, "When someone hurts us, weshould write it down in the sand where wind of forgiveness（宽容） can blow it away. 9 when someone does something good for us, we must carve （雕亥U） it in the stone where nowind can ever blow it away."Learn to write your hurts in the sand and to carve your bene

15、fits in the stone. Send this phrase to people you will 10 forget. It's a short message to let them know that you will never forget them.1. A. gift2. A. withoutB. chanceB. afterC. fightC. with3.A. badB. bestC. real4.A. take a bath B. have a shower C. take a i5. A. smilingB. hittingC. sinking6.A.d

16、angerB. windC. work7.A. was hitB. had hitC. hit8.A. refusedB. thoughtC. replied9.A. SoB. BecauseC. But10. A. neverB. foreverC. always1【答案】(1)C; (2) A;(3) B;(rest4) C; (5) C; (6) A; (7) B; (8) C; (9)C; (10) A;【解析】 【分析】主要讲了两个朋友穿过沙漠时，一个朋友打另一个朋友，受伤的朋友在沙子上写下 今天我最好的朋友打了我的脸却在石头上写下今天我最后的朋友救了我”，而当受伤的朋友掉进河里被朋

17、友救起时，他 ”，希望自己永远记住。(1)句意：在旅行期间他们打架了。A.礼物；B.机会；C打架。根据后句 one friend hit theother in the face.可知一个朋友打了另一个的脸，所以是打架了，故选C。(2)句意：被打的受伤了，但是没有说什么。A.没有；B.在之后；C和。卞据but可知前后句表示转折，虽然被打，但是没有说什么，故选Ao(3)句意：今天我最好的朋友打了我的脸。 A.坏的；B.最好的；C.真的。根据后文"Today my best friend saved my life."可知是最好的朋友，故选 B。(4)句意：他们一直往前走，直到

18、找到了绿色的田野和一条美丽的河流，他们决定在那里休息。A.洗澡；B.洗澡；C.休息。一直走，走累了就休息，故选 Co(5)句意：被打的朋友掉进河里，开始下沉。 A.微笑；B.打击；C.下沉。根据常识可知掉 进河里会下沉，故选 Co(6)句意：在他脱离危险后，他在石头上写今天我最好的朋友救了我A.危险；B.风；C工作。out of danger ,脱离危险，固定搭配，故选 A。(7)句意：已经打人的朋友救了他最好的朋友。A.被打，一般过去时的被动语态；B.已经打了，过去完成时；C.打，一般过去时。打人的朋友救了被打的朋友，事情发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时，结构是had+动词过去分词，故选

19、Bo(8)句意：另一个回复说当有人伤害我们时，我们应该把它写在沙子上，宽恕之风可以把它吹走”。A.拒绝；B.认为；C.回复。后句是回复的内容，故选Co(9)句意：但是当有人为我们做好事时，我们必须把它刻在石头上，在那里没有风可以把它吹走。A.所以；B.因为；C.但是。他人伤害自己和帮助自己，表示转折，所以用 but, 故选Co(10)句意：把这句话送给你永远不会忘记的人。A.从不；B.永远；C总是。根据后句It'sa short message to let them know that you will never forget them.这是个短消息, 让他们知道你永远不会忘记他们

20、，所以是永远不会忘记，故选A。【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺 单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。3 .阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。Dear Jenny,How's it going? Are you busy with your study these days ?I've been back to school 1 nearly four weeks. I'm very glad to tell you that great 2 have taken p

21、lace in our school this term. First of all, we're asked to" clear our plates" when having our meals and say 3 to wasting. Some of us used to order more than what we could eat. That was a big waste of food. Now we need to 4 the food we order. We should also stop wasting in some other wa

22、ys. For example, we should turn off the lights when we 5 the classroom. And our school has opened up some fields for us to learn how to grow vegetables. Each class is given a small garden and our class has decided to grow some tomatoes and beans （豆类）in our 6 time. I think it is very interesting. May

23、be I'll be able to 7 yousome beans we've grown by ourselves next time! What's more, we have only two classes in the afternoon8 we have more time for after-school activities. I'm one of the traffic safetyvolunteers in our school. After school, we take turns to go to the streets near o

24、ur school and ask people to9the traffic rules.I think wearehaving a different school life now! Please write back soon and tell 10more about your school.Yours,Wang Wei1. A. inB. for C. on2. A. changesB. things C. interests3. A. yesB. hello C. no4. A. cleanB. payC. finish5. A. leaveB. reach C. open6.

25、A. busyB. freeC. Happy7. A. plant8. buy C. post8. A. becauseB. when C. so9. A. follow B. make C. break10. A. himB. her C. me【答案】(1)B;(2)A;(3)C;(4)C;(5) A; (6) B;(7)C;(8)C;(9)A; (10) C;【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是王伟写给詹妮的一封信，介绍了这学期他们学校的一些变化，比如实行 光盘行动”、不浪费食物、随时关灯、学习种植蔬菜、做志愿者服务社会(1)句意：我回到学校已经接近四周的时间了。根据空格后面的 nearly

26、four weeks可知，要用介词for,表示快到4个星期了。故选B。(2)句意：我很高兴告诉你这个学期我们学校发生了很大的变化。A. changes变化，B.things事情，C. interests兴趣，根据下文举出的例子可知，学校发生了很大的变化，故选Ao(3)句意：首先我们被要求吃饭时要光盘行动”，并且对浪费说不”。A. yes是的，B.hello你好，C. no不，根据句意，其他几项都不合适，故选 C。(4)句意：现在我们需要吃完我们点的食物。A. clean打扫，B. pay付款，C. finish结束，引申为吃光，吃完，根据文中要实行光盘行动，所以要吃完自己点的食物，故选Co(5

27、)句意： 例如，当我们离开教室时应该关上灯。A. leave离开，B. reach到达，C.open打开，结合句意及选项的词义，故选 Ao(6)句意：每个班给一个小花园，我们班决定在空闲时间种一些西红柿和豆类。A. busy忙的，B. free空闲的，C. happy愉快的，只有在空闲时间才能去种一些东西，故选 B。(7)句意：或许下次我可以寄给你一些我们自己种的豆类。A. plant种植，B. buy买，C. post邮寄，因为作者是在写信，所以下次应该是寄给朋友东西。故选Co(8)句意： 还有，我们下午只有两节课，所以我们有更多的时间进行课外活动。A.because因为，B. when当时

28、，C. so所以，这两句之间是因果关系，故选 C。(9)句意：放学后我们轮流到我们去学校附近的街上让人们遵守交通规则。A. follow遵守，B. make做，C. break打破，当然是要求人们遵守交通规则，其他选项情理不通，故 选A o(10)句意：请尽快回信告诉我更多你们学校的事情。A. him他，B. her她，C. me我，根据上下文及逻辑关系，应该是给我回信，故选 Co【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺 单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。4.完形填空Australia is one of the largest count

29、ries in the world. It is1smaller than China. It is inthe south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is2 . The population of Australiais nearly as large as that of Shanghai.Enough laws have been 3 to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution

30、. The sky is blue and the water is 4. You can clearly see fishswimming in the rivers. Plants 5 very well.Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city 6 Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers' exhibition (展览 ).There we saw 7 large number of wild flowers we had never seen 8. We had a wonde

31、rful time. Perth is 9 for its beautiful wild flowers. Inspring, every year Perth has the wild flowers' exhibition. 10 visiting Perth, we 11 a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. Suddenly we heard bells ringi

32、ng at the top of the hill. What we saw made us 12 all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep 13 towards us down the path.Australia is well-known for its sheep and kangaroos. After a short drive from 14 town, you will find yourself in the 15 of

33、 white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sheep.1. A. little2. A. smallB. a littleB. bigC. a fewC. largeD. fewD. heavy3. A. letB. foundC. madeD. paid4. A. cleanB. dirtyC. coolD. warm5.A. turnB. are grown C. becomeD. grow6. A. inB. onC. toD. at7. A. anB. aC. theD. many8. A. beforeB. agoC. sinceD. la

34、te9. A. goodB. badC. greatD. famous10. A. FrontB. BehindC. AfterD. Before11. A. tookB. paidC.spentD. cost12. A. pick up B. look upC. put upD. take up13. A. goingB. comingC. reachingD. arriving14. A. someB. allC. anyD. many15. A. leftB. amongC. rightD. middle【答案】(1) B;(2)A; (3)C; (4) A; (5)D; (6)A;(7

35、)B; (8)A; (9)D; (10)C; (11)C;(12) A; (13) B; (14)C;(15)D;【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文主要介绍了澳大利亚这个国家的自然环境特点。(1)代词辨析。句意：它比中国小一些。little很少；a little有一点；a few有一些；few很少，根据句式结构可知这个句子是比较级结构，a little可修饰比较级结构，故选Bo(2)形容词辨析。句意：澳大利亚很大，但是它的人口很少。small小的；big大的；large大的；heavy重的，根据Australia is big, but its population 这两个句子是转折关系，可知

36、此处指人口少时用 small,故选Ao(3)动词辨析。句意：足够的法律被制定来和污染作斗争。let让；found找到，发现；made制定，制作；paid付钱，此处指人们制定法律和污染作斗争。故选 C(4)形容词辨析。句意：天空是蓝色的，水是干净的。 clean干净的；dirty脏的；cool凉 的；warm暖和的，根据The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution.澳大利亚城市空气和水几乎没有受到污染，可知水是干净的，故选 Ao(5)动词辨析。句意：植物生长的很好。 turn变得；are grown被种植；becom

37、e变得； grow生长，此处指由于没有污染所以植物生长很好。grow生长是不及物动词，故选 D。(6)介词辨析。句意：上个月我们参观了澳大利亚西部最大的城市珀斯。in在里面；on在上面；to到达；at在时间点，珀斯在澳大利亚内部，故选 A。B。an 一个； a（ 7）词义辨析。句意：在那里我们看到我们以前从未看到的大量的野花。个； the 定冠词；many 很多， a large number of 大量的，固定短语，故选8）词义辨析。句意：在那里我们看到我们以前从未看到的大量的野花。before 在之前；ago以前，过去，before在之前，常和现在完成时连用，故选A。（ 9）形容词辨析。句

38、意：珀斯因为它漂亮的野花而著名。good 好的； bad 坏的； great 伟大的；famous 著名的，befamous for因为而著名，故选 D。（ 10）词义辨析。句意：在参观珀斯后，我们在农村度过了一天。front前面；behind在后面；after在之后；before在之前，这里叙述了参观澳大利亚的过程，可知是参观了珀斯后我们在农村过了一天。故选C。（ 11）动词辨析。句意：在参观珀斯后，我们在农村度过了一天。took 花费； paid 付钱； spend 花费； cost 价值，主语是人，谓语是“花费 ”意思，用spend 作谓语，故选C。（ 12 ）短语辨析。句意：我们所看到

39、的使我们捡起我们所有的东西，尽可能快的跑向汽车。 pick up 拾起； look up 向上看，查找；put up 搭建，张贴；take up 开始从事，占用，根据There were about three hundred sheep 13towards us down the path. 有三百头羊沿着这条路朝着我们走来。所以我们捡起所有的东西跑向车。故选A。（ 13）动词辨析。句意：有三百头羊沿着这条路朝着我们走来。go 去； come 来； reach 到达； arrive 到达， cometowards us,向我们走来，故选B。（ 14）不定代词辨析。句意：当你从任意一个小镇开车

40、一小段时间后，你将会发现你自己处在白羊之间。some 一些； all 所有的；any 任意一个；many 很多，根据Australia is well-known for its sheep and kangaroos. 可知在澳大利亚的任意一个小镇都能看到羊，故选C。（ 15）形容词辨析。句意：当你从任意一个小镇开车一小段时间后，你将会发现你自己处在白羊之间。left,左边的；among ,在 之中；right右边白middle ,中间的，in the middle of ,在中间，故选 D。【点评】此题考查完形填空。我们先阅读短文了解短文大意，然后根据上下文的联系和语境确定句子中所缺的成分

41、，根据语法知识和固定短语及句式结构，从所给的选项中选出正 确选项。5 完形填空How can you think in English? I think the best way is to practice as what a football player does every day. During the 1 the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again. So he won't have to 2 passing the ball in the game; he will

42、 just do it. You can train yourself to 3 in English this way. The first step is to think of the words that you use daily, simple everyday words 4 book or shoe or tree. For example, 5 you see a "book" you should think of it in English instead of in your mother language.After you have learne

43、d to think of several words in English, then move on to the next stepthinking in 6. Listening and repeating is a very useful 7 to learn a language. Listenfirst and don't care too much about 8 you fully understand what you're hearing. Try to repeat what you hear. The more you listen, the 9 yo

44、u learn. After you reach a higher level, 10 having conversations with yourself in English. This will lead you to think in English.1. A. practiceB. breakC. gameD. day2. A. wait forB. think aboutC. look atD. give up3. A. speakB. sayC. tellD. think4. A. inB. aboutC. likeD. from5. A. whateverB. whicheve

45、rC. whenever D. however6. A. sentencesB. passagesC. lessons D. classes7. A. ideaB. stepC. wayD. plan8. A. whichB. ifC. howD. unless9. A. harderB. lessC. laterD. more10. A. remember B. stopC. startD. finish【答案】(1)A; (2) B;(3) D;(4) C; (5) C; (6) A; (7) C; (8) B; (9)D; (10) C;【解析】【分析】本文介绍如何学会用英语思维。(1)

46、句意：在练习中，足球运动员一遍又一遍地把球传给队友。practice练习；break休息；中断；game比赛；day白天。由后文 足球运动员将会一遍一遍地将球传给他的队友 “ 可知这是在练习期间。故答案为 A。(2)句意：所以他不必考虑在比赛中传球。wait for等待；think about考虑；look at看；give up放弃。根据语境可知反复练习从而形成一种本能反应，传球时不需要考虑，故答案 为B。(3)句意：你可以按照这种方式训练自己用英语思考。speak讲；say说；tell告诉；think思考。根据句首 "think in English,所以此处用think ,故答

47、案为D。(4)句意：第一步是想你日常使用的单词，简单的日常词汇，像book、shoe和tree等。由前后语境可知此处是举例，而只有like像符合题意。故答案为 Co(5)句意： 例如，无论何时你看见书，你就应该用英语思考，而不是用你的母语。whatever 无论什么； whichever 无论哪一个； whenever 无论何时； however 无论怎样。由 句意可知此处需用疑问副词，所以排除a和b,正确答案为 a(6)句意：在你学会用英语思考几个单词之后，继续到下一步，用句子来思考。sentence句子；passage短文；lesson课；class班级。由前文可知用单词思考之后应该是再用

48、句子来 思考。故答案为Ao(7)句意：听并跟读对学一门语言来说是非常有用的方法。idea 主意；step 步； way 方法；plan计划。根据句意，故答案为C。(8)句意：先听，不要太在意你是否完全明白你在听的。此处是宾语从句。由前文不必太关心”可知该题if (是否)符合题意。故答案为B。(9)本句是“the+匕较级,the+比较级的用法。根据句意你听得越多”可知，应该是 你学得越多故答案为D。(10)由前文 你达到一个更高的水平之后”可知此处表达的是开始用英语和自己谈话 ”，故答案为C。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然 后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作

49、答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍 检查验证。二、阅读理解6 .根据短文内容选择正确答案。AShirley Temple, the once-famous child movie star, died at the age of 85 on February 10, 2014.She was born on April 23, 1928. She was good at acting and dancing. In 1934, she starred (主演)in the movie Bright Eyes. From then on she became famous a

50、round the world. Later shestarred in other movies and won a Juvenile Oscar in February, 1935.For many Americans born in the 1930s and 1940s, Temple was not just an on-screen star butalso a close friend in their childhood. She was remember ed by the world as “little angle " for all time. An Amer

51、ican movie star said,“ Little Shirley Temple encouraged the whole country duringthe Great Depression (大萧条) .”Shi Li and Cui Jiping are husband and wife. They are disabled. They completed the first Chinese encyclopedic (百科知识的)dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems.The dictionary

52、includes words on medicine, education, psychology, law, history and culture about deaf people's life. This book provides a learning tool for this special group of people and it helps them know about the world more easily.They spent six years and over 1,000,000 yuan on the book. They first collec

53、ted material for thebook by themselves, then they invited a lot of experts across the country to write.The book is warmly welcomed by the deaf. One of the readers said, “Theo00k shows that we're not alone. We can have our own way to communicate with the world.”11) From the passage we know that T

54、emple.A. won a Juvenile Oscar for Bright Eyes B. began to star in her first movie when she was tenC. was not an on-screen starD. was encouraging during the Great Depression(2) According to the passage, Shi Li and Cui Jiping.A. are disabled people full of loveB. wrote many famous booksC. finished the

55、 book by themselvesD. live a very hard and poor life(3) Which of the following is TRUE about the book?A. It is the first world encyclopedic dictionary.B. Deaf people can know about the world more easily with the help of it.C. It took them sixteen years to finish the book.D. It includes medicine and

56、art about the life of deaf people.【答案】(1) DA(3) B【解析】【分析】本文报道了名人Shirley Temple、Shi Li and Cui Jiping的事迹。Temple曾经著名的儿童电影明星，在 1935年2月获得了少年奥斯卡奖，在美国经济大萧条时期，Temple鼓励着整个国家。Shi Li and Cui Jiping是残疾人，他们为聋人和听力有障碍的人编写 了中国第一本为聋人和听力有障碍的人的百科全书。(1)细节理解题。根据 An American movie star said, “LittleShirley Temple encouraged the whole country during the Great Depression (大萧条).何知在美国经济大萧条时期，Temple鼓励着整个国家，故选 D。(2 ) 推理判断题。根据 They are disabled. They complete the first Chinese encyclopedic (百 科知识的)dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems.可知 Shi Li and CuiJiping是残疾人，他们为聋人和听力