牛津上海版7A--Unit3笔记

1、Unit 3 Friends from other countries一、词组归纳：..8.friends from other countries for example a crowded city = a busy city be crowded with= be filled with / be full of walk across the crowds over = more than read about sth.in magazines and newspapersin another count

2、ry in other countries know about sth. favourite subjects male and female be interested in show great interest in penfrieds from different countries nowadays =today make friends with 来自其他国家的朋友例如 一个拥挤的城市 挤满了，充满了19.like doing sth.=enjoy doing sth. / be interested in doing sth. tell sb. about sth.a twel

3、ve-year-old girl穿过人群 超过 阅读与有关的 在杂志和报纸上 在另一个国家 在其他国家了解最喜爱的学科 男性和女性 对感兴趣 显示极大的兴趣 来自不同国家的笔友 如今 和交朋友 喜欢做某事20.21.= a girl of twelve years old22. look forward to doing sth.23. hear from sb.= get a letter from sb./receive a letter from sb.24. a list of 25. look up the word in the dictionary26. hobbies = in

4、terests 27.over six million people28. hundreds of years29. most of30. people from other countries31. call them Canadians32. near = close to33. far away from = far from告诉某人某事 一个 12 岁的女孩盼望做某事 收到某人的来信一张的清单 在字典里查这个单词 兴趣爱好 超过六百万人 数百年 大多数 来自其他国家的人们 叫他们加拿大人 在附近 离远34. at school在学校35. a boy from Canada一个来自加拿

5、大的男孩36. be your penfriend成为你的笔友37. ride bicycle骑自行车38. tell me about yourself告诉我你自己的情况39. send your name to my school把你的名字送到学校40. enjoy yourself = have a good time玩得愉快41. Help yourself to sth随便吃42. foreigners in Garden City在花园城市的外国人43. call sb. sth把某人称作44. be near 靠近be far (away) from 远离45. write (a

6、 letter) to sb.写信给某人46. know about了解47. be interested in对感兴趣二、新单词 / 词组讲解：1. Britain?n.? 英国 ?表示“英国”的单词有 Britain 、England 和 the?UK.?England 原指英格兰，它是英语四大行政区中最大的一个，所以常用来指英国； ?Britain?指不列颠岛，包括 England（英格兰）、Scotiand（苏格兰）、和 Wales（威尔 士）三个行政区，因此也常用来表示英国，也称the?Great?Britain;?the?UK 是英国国名 ?the?United?Kingdom的缩

7、写； ?英国全称是 :?the?United?Kingdom?of?Great?Britain?and?North?Ireland大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国?the?British? 常常用于表示“（统称）英国人” ?2.Toronto?Junior?High?School? 多伦多初级中学 ?Toronto?n.? 多伦多（加拿大港市） ?junior?adj.? 初等的；初级的?junior?high?school? 初级中学 ?senior?adj.? 高等的；高级的；年长的 ?senior?high?school? 高级中3.primary?adj.? 初等教育的，小学的 ?prima

8、ry?school? 小学 foreigner?n.? 外国人 ?Nowadays,?more?and?more?foreigners?come?to?stay?and?work?in?Shang hai.?foreign?adj.? 外国的 ?a?foreign?language?4. crowded?adj.? 拥挤的 ?Shanghai ?is ?a? crowded? city.?Nanjing? Road ?is ?always ?crowded ?with? people.?三、语法点：1. 【记忆】 国家人民国籍Country?国家?Peopie?人民?Natio nality?

9、国籍?Canada?Can adia n( s)?Can adia nThe?USA/?America?America n(s)?America n?The?UK/?Britai n/En gla ndBritish/E nglishma n(me n)?British/E nglish?I ndia?I ndia n(s)?I ndia n?Australia?Australia n(s)?Australia n?Japan?Japan ese(s)?JapaneseGerma nyGerman ？Germa nFrancefrenchman (men)frenchItalyItalia n

10、( s)?Italia nThaila ndThaiThaiChi naChin ese(s)Chin ese夕卜国的 >>>> foreig ner n.n. 德国 >>>> Germa n（s） adj. 称重 >>>> weight n. 重量高的 >>>> height n. 高度国家的，民族的>>>> n ati on国籍 >>>> intern atio nal adj.兴趣，爱好，利益，利息 >>>> intere

11、sted（主语是人）adj.主语是物）adj.令人感兴趣的，有趣的> crowd?n.?人群2. 词性转换：外国人德国的，德国人n .国家国际的in terested> >> foreig n adj. Germany weigh v. high adj. n ati onal adj. n ati on ality n. in terest n.感兴趣的>>>> in teresti ng （ crowded?adj.?拥挤的3. 现在完成时A. 概念及用法：1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。（本单元重点）?常用词：already

12、、yet、just、ever？2. 表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，而且有可能继续延续下去。 此用法中要求动词必须是延续性动词。？常用词：since （连接时间的一点）（尚未学过）？?？for （连接时间的一段）（预备班已学）？B. 结构：have/has?+动词的过去分词？（不规则动词的过去分词要专门记忆。）?？a. ?肯定句：？l?have?visited?the?UK.? It ' s?far?away?from?China.?b. ?否定句:?I?haven ' t?visited?the?UK?yet.?c. ?疑问句:?Have?you?visited?the?U

13、K?yet?'t.?Yes,?l?have./?No,?l?havenC. ?动词过去式及过去分词的构成:?规则变化？一般情况下在动词词尾直接加-ed.?e.g.?j ump jump ed-jum ped 以不发音的e结尾的动词直接加-d.?e.g.?love? loved-loved? 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，去 y 变 i+ed;?e.g.?study studied-studied?以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 -ed.?e.g.?st op stopp ed-sto pp ed?不规则变化（需专门记忆）？D. ?have/h

14、as?gone?to ？和?have/has?been?to 的区别：？have/has?g on e?to? ?某人去了某地（主语不在出发地）？?？ have/has?bee n? to?？?？?某人去过某地（主语不在目的地）?【例句】He?has?gone?to?Beijing.?他去北京了。？He?has?bee n?to?Beiji ng?three?times.?他去过北京三次了。E. ?have/has?been?to?和?have/has?been?in?的区别：？have/has?been?to强调动作的过程？have/has?bee n?in 强调动作的状态（通常与表示一段时

15、间的时间状语连用）？【例句】They?have?been?to?Europe?onee.?They?have?bee n?in ?Euro pe?for?10?years.?F. ?already?和?yet?already?用于现在完成时的肯定句中，表示已经，可置于句中或句尾;?yet?用于否定句或疑问句中，常用于句末。【例句】?l?have?already?finished?my?homework.?Have?you?fi ni shed?your?homework?yet?No,?not?yet./?No,?l?haven' t?finished?my?homework?yet.

16、?G. ?sinee?和？for?在现在完成时中经常用si nee和for连接时间状语,?s ince所指的是一个时间点，for所 指的是一段时间。该用法强调动作的延续性，因此句中的谓语动词必须是 延续性动词。？ a）?si nce+时间的一点：？si nee 作介词 + 时间点？（sin ee?2002）?since作连词,?引导时间状语从句，从句中动词需用一般过去时。【例句】?Mark?has?learned?Chi nese?si nce?2002.?Mark?has?learned?Chi nese?si nce?he?came?to?Ch in a.?b）?fo 叶【例句】一段时间?

17、: ?Mark?has?learned?Ch in ese?for?7?years.?c）?对for?及since?连接的时间状语提问均用 how?long ?He?has?learned?Chinese? for?7?years. ?/?He?has?learned?Chinese? since?7?year s?ago. f ?How?long?has?he?learned?Chinese?d)?短暂性动词不可出现在含有since/?for的现在完成时。如需使用，则要转换为表示 延 续性状态的动词。？?has?died ?for?5?years.x?has?been?dead ?for?5

18、?years.【例句】？His?grandfather应改为:His?gra ndfather四、重点句型：?600多万人居住在花园城。1. Over six? million ?people?live?in?Garden?City.? over相当于more?than，是“超过；多于”的意思，常常放在数词的前面。那本词典【例句】 There? are? over? 5000? adjectives ?in? that ?dictio nary.? 中有5000多个形容词。 six?million 即?6000000.?六百万？?较大数词的读法小结：？?数字读法法则654six?h un dr

19、ed?a nd?fifty-four百位数与十位数间要用 andon e?thousa nd?seve n?hun dred?a n1,718d?eightee n千位数与百位数间无an d?twen ty-seve n thousa nd one27,105hun dred and five千位数前的数字照一位数、两位数on e?h un dred?a nd?eight?thousa nd或二位数的读法读108,?221?two?hu ndred?a nd?twe nty-o ne?两个“，”由左到右依次代表“百万位”和“千位”，而这些“，”?2,700,56two?milli on? se

20、ve n?hu ndred?thous前后的数字可按一、二、三位数的0?an d?five?h un dred?a nd?sixty读法读，在“，”处相应加上单位million 禾口 thousand 即可。2. ?What?do?we?call? peo pl e?from?Ca nada?我们如何称呼来自加拿大的人呢?We?call?them?Canadians.?我们把他们称为加拿大人。? call?sb.?sth.? “把称作？ 【例句】 His?name?is?Richard,?but?we?call?him?Dick.3. We?can?visit?countries?near?o

21、r?far?away?from?China.? 我们可以访问那些距离 中国或近或远的国家。 ?本句中near 和 far?away?from? 是一对反义词，表示“距离近”和“距离远” near?or?far?away?from?China? 做后置定语修饰 countries.?我们同样可4. We?can?also?read?about?them?in?magazines?and?newspapers.?以通过阅读杂志和报纸了解这些国家。 ? ?read?about? 读到过;?通过阅读了解 ,?【例句】 I?have?read?about?the?accident?in?the?fact

22、ory.? ？read?与？read?about?read 表示“阅读”，后接书籍、报刊、杂志；read?about?表示“阅读与有关的”，相当于read?something?about,?后接某个对象或事件。 ? ？表示“在报纸、杂志上”时，介词用“ in ”而不用“ on ”5. What is your nationality = What nationality are you = Where are you from= Where do you come from 你是什么国籍？ = 你来自哪里？ I ' m?Chinese.?nationality?n.? 国籍?在回答这个

23、问题时， 要使用形容词，如 Chinese,?Japanese 等。你想了解笔友哪些方面6. What?would?you?like?to?know?about?your?penfriend? 的情况？ ?【know?与？know?about?】我认识那边的那个人。 ?你知道周杰伦吗？ 我想知道他上学时最喜欢的?know 表示“认识；知道” ，而 know?about 表示“知道关于 ?的事情【例句】 I ?know ?that ?man ?over ?there.? Do? you ?know ?about ?Jay ?Chou?7. I 'd?like?to?know?his?fa

24、vorite?subjects?at?school.?学科。?【at?school?与？at?the?school?】 at?school? 是“在上学，在求学”的意思， school 前不加 the 。如使用 at?the?school ， 则表示“在学校”的意思，没有求学的含义。 ?自从我们上学时认【例句】 We 've?been?friends?ever?since?we?met?at?school. 识后就一直是好朋友。 ?8. ?Sex（M/F ）性别（男性 /女性） ?M 代表 male 男性， F 代表 female 女性?国际笔友会把你的9. ?Penfriends?I

25、nternational?sent?your?name?to?my?school.?名字寄到了我校。 ?send-sent-sent?send?sth.?to?sb.?send?sb.?sth.?把寄（送）给 Thank?you?for?sending?me?those?cards.=?Thank?you?for?sending?those?cards? to?me.10. ?I?am?in?Grade?7.?我读七年级。？表示就读于某个班级或年级时，应使用介词in。?【例句】I' m?in?Class?2,?Grade?7.11. Which cou ntry have you vi

26、sited你去过哪一个国家？Which引导的特殊疑问句，用“ Which+名词”进行提问。五、小作文：A?letter?to?my? penfriend范文：？?(date)?Dear?Tha nks?for?your?letter?a nd?your? photogra ph.?l?would?like?to?b e?yo ur?penfnen d,?too.?I ' m?Chinese.?I ' m?the?same?age?as?you?and?we?have?the?sam e?i nterest?i n?pl ayi ng?co mp uter?games.?So?l

27、?wa nt?to?make?a?frie nd?with?you.?There?are?five ?p eo ple?i n?my?family.?I?have?o ne?brother.? His?name?is?Charles.?I?have?o ne?sister.?Her? name?is?Li nda.?We?have?a? pet?cat.?Her? name?is?Kitty.?l?go?to?No.1?Middle?School .?Maths?a nd?E nglish?are?my?favourite?subjects.?l?like? playi ng?p ia no

28、?an d?badmi nto n.? What?about?you?Write?soo n.?Yours?六、练习：I Choose?the?best?a nswer.?(选择正确的答案)？(?)?1. ?Which?city?is?the?ca pi tal?of?E ngla nd? ?is?the?ca pi tal?of?E ngla nd.?A.?Beiji ng?B.?Lo ndon ?C. ?P airs?D.? Tokyo?(?)?2.?There?are?two? ?five?hu ndred?a nd?sixty?stude nts?i n?ou r?school.?A.

29、?millio n?B.?millio ns?C.?thousa nds? ?D.?thousa nd?(?)?3.?Would?you?like?Coke? ?A.?a?B.?all?C.?some?D.? all?(?)?4.?Alice?is?good?playing?p ia no.?A.?for,?B.?at,?a?C.?at,?the?D .?for,?the?(?)?5.?Peter?been?to?Thailand?A.?Have,?already?B.?Has,?already?C.?Have,?yet?D.?Has,?yet?(?)?6.?I?don ' t?kno

30、w?Linda.?But?I?something?_?her.?A.?hear,?from?B.?know,?about?C.?know,?fro m?D.?hear,?about?(?)?7.?What?food?would?you?like?A.?to?eat?B.?eat?C.?eating?D.?to?eating?(?)?8.?There?a?sports?meeting?in?our?school?next?autumn.?A.?will?have?B.?is?going?to?have?C.?is? ?D.?is?going?to?be?II.?Complete?the?sent

31、ences?with?the?given?words?in?their?prop er?forms. ( 用括号中 所给单词 的适当 形式 填空 )1.?They?can?see?many?2.?Our?teacher?(difference)?signs?in?the?park.?(warning)?us?not?to?play?ball?games?i n?the?corridor?yesterday.?(hike)?on?their?hol?(inform)?in?our?comput3. ?Many?American?young?people?go?iday.4.?We?can?sto

32、rm?a?lot?of?5.?At?the?er.?按要?(begin)?of?the?lesson,?the?teacher?told?us?a?story. III.?Rewrite?the?following?sentences?as?required.?改为否 定句）?求改写句子）?You?1.?You?should?feed?your?pet?at?the?table.?feed?your?pet?at?the?table.?2. ?His?sister?was?very?happy.( 改 为 反 义 疑 问 句 ) ?？ ? （就划线部分His?sister?was?very?h

33、appy? ， ?3. ?He?didn ' t?come?to?school?today?because?he?was?ill.?提 问 ) ?he?come?to?school?today?4. ?The?Greens?se?a?film?once?a?month.?( 就 划 线 部 分 提 问 ) ?do?the?Greens?see?a?film?5. ?This?is?an?interesting?book.?( 改 为感 叹句 )?this?book?is!?IV.?Readi ng?(A)The?United?States?cove rs?a?large?part?of

34、?the?North?Amer ica n?continent. ?Its?n eighbors?a re?Canada?to?the?north,?and? Mexico?to?the?south. ?Although?the?United?States?is?a?big?co un try, ?it?is ?no t?th e? largest? in ?the?world. ?W he n?this?la nd?first?became?a ?n at i on, ?after?w innin g? its?i ndependen ce?from ?E ngla nd,?it?had?t

35、hirtee n? states. ?E ach?of?t he?states?was?represented?on?the?American?flag?by?a?star. ? All?these?states?were?in?the?eastern?part?of?the?continent. ?A s?the?nation?grew?towa rd?the?we st,?new? states?were?added?a nd?n e w? stars?a pp eared ? on? t he?fl ag. ?For?a? Ion g?time,?there? we re?48? sta

36、tes. ?ln ?1959,?two?more?stars?we re? add ed ?to ?t he? fl ag,?represe nting ?the?new? states?of?Alaska?and?Hawa ii. ?Tr ue ?o r?F alse. ?(?)?1.?Mexico?is?to?the?south?of?the?U ni ted?States.? (?)?2.?There?have? never?bee n?fights?or?wars?betwee n?Brita in ?a nd?the?U nited?States.(?)?3.?At?first?th

37、ere?were?13?stars?o n? the?America n? Natio nal?FIag.?(?)?4.?The?first?13?states?lay?i n?the?west?of?the?America n?continen t.?(?)?5.?Now?there?are?50?stars?o n?the?America n?Natio nal?Flag.?(B)Choose?the?words?or?ex pressi on s?to?co mp lete?the ?p assage.?All?aro un d?th e?world , ?peopl e?d ri nk?tea. ?But?tea?d