Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina语言点知识梳理

1、Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China© 言点学习目标重点单词equal, order, i nvent, resig n, con tribute, con diti on, stress重点短语be at war (with), bring up, in some ways, in conclusion, for the first time, a time重点句型the reas on why.is that.those用于比较句型no +比较级+ tha n知识讲解重点单词equal【原句回放】

2、All human beings are equal.人人平等。【点拨】 equal adj. (the same in size, number, amount, value etc. as sth. else)相等的； 同样的；n.相等的人或物；vt.等于；比得上be equal to和平等；能胜任A equal B in. A在方面比得上 Bbe without equal/have no equal 无与伦比on equal terms 在对等条件下be of equal size/length/importanee 大小/长度相同 /同样重要The rent was equal to

3、 half his mon thly in come.租金相当于他的月收入的一半。He treated her with the easy familiarity of an equal.他以平等的身分对待她，态度很随和。The average pay rise equalled 1.41 times in flatio n.薪水的平均增长幅度是通货膨胀率的1.41倍。【拓展】equally adv.同样地；相等地；equality n.相等；平等；同等Diet and exercise are equally importa nt/of equal importa nee.饮食和锻炼同样重要

4、。order【原句回放】 He stressed the importanee of kindness, duty and order in society. 他强调了仁爱、 责任和社会秩序的重要性。【点拨】order n.秩序；顺序；订购；订单；(点的)饭菜；命令；vt.命令；订购；点菜/饮料 等in order有秩序；有条理in order of以的顺序out of order紊乱；出故障in order to do/in order that 以便； 为了give/place an order for sth. with sb.和某人订购某物take one ' s ordi下某

5、人的订单keep order维持秩序order sb. to do命令/吩咐某人做某事order that 命令(从句用should +动词原形，should可以省略)The phone is out of order.电话坏了。We haven ' t ordered yet.我们还没点菜。He lit a cigarette in order to/so as to calm his mind.他点燃一支香烟， 稳定一下情绪。He ordered his secretary to place an order for 100 books and arrange them in or

6、der of size. 他命令秘书去订购 100 本书并把它们按大小顺序排列。【拓展】 disorder n. 混乱，紊乱，无秩序invent【原句回放】 For example ，it is the country in which silk was first invented.例如，丝绸最先发明于这个国家。【点拨】 invent vt. 发明；捏造；虚构； invention n. 发明invent an excuse 编造一个借口The Chinese invented the compass.中国人发明了指南针。Abner Doubleday invented baseball i

7、n 1839.阿布纳 道布尔迪于1839年发明了棒球。Kai invented some excuse about having a headache. 卡伊编了个头疼的借口。Such changes have not been seen since the invention of the printing press. 自从发明了印刷机，这种变革还没有出现过。【拓展】 discover ， find ， invent ， create 辨析discover 发现的对象本身存在，但主语不知道，如科学真理、新的区域等，有时也泛指“发现”某种情况、丢失的东西。find作 发现"讲，其常

8、用结构是“findb宾语+补足语”。find接that从句则表示 发现一个事实、一个道理 ”。invent 指“发明 ”，发明以前没有的新东西，如工具、机器、材料、方法等，也可指 “捏造”某 种不诚实的借口、理由等。create 则指有目的地把原材料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物。 resign【原句回放】 However, when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice, he resigned. 但 当他发现统治者不采纳他的意见时，就辞去了官职。【点拨】resign vt.放弃，辞去；vi辞职resign

9、from从辞去职务resign one ' s post/posi辞职He resigned his post as headmaster.他辞去了校长的职务。Two members resigned from the board in protest.董事会的两名成员辞职以示抗议。not resign oneself to 不甘心resign.to.把托付给resign oneself to 听任（某种影响 ）；只好（做某事）You must resign yourselves to waiting a bit longer.你们要耐心多等一会儿。They refused to re

10、sign themselves to defeat. 他们从不甘心失败。【拓展】resig nation n.辞职；辞职信；放弃；顺从contribute【原句回放】 Decide which words you think you will hear.contribution.确定你听到了哪些单词贡献【点拨】 contribute v. 捐献，贡献；导致contribute to 贡献；捐献；捐助contribute sth. to/ towards sb. 向某人捐献某物Does smoking contribute to lung cancer?吸烟会导致肺癌吗？Many people

11、contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. The teacher of the boy learned about this and contributed it to a newspaper.许多人给那个可怜的男孩捐款， 使他可以重返校园。孩子的老师写了一篇关于此事的故事并 把它投到报社。【拓展】 contribution n. 贡献；捐献；捐助make a contribution to/make contributions to 对作出贡献condition【原句回放】

12、 Often, factory workers lived in poor and crowded conditions. 工厂的工人们经常住 在简陋而拥挤的环境里。【点拨】 condition n. （生活或工作的 ） 状况；条件，情形；环境；社会地位。 condition 表示 “环境”时，常用复数形式；表示 “状况”时，是不可数名词，表示 “条件”时，是可数名词。 be in good condition 状况良好be out of conditionon condition that = if. 条件是on no condition 绝不， on no condition 位于句首时，

13、句子要用部分倒装。His visit in his present condition will disturb the children's stable life.以他现在的情况去见孩子会扰乱孩子们平静的生活。This change has been timed under laboratory conditions. 在实验室条件下测得了这一变化所需的时间。What sort of condition is your new house in? 你的新房子目前是什么状况？You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.

14、你要穿上外衣才能出去。stress【原句回放】 He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order ins society. 他强调了仁爱、 责任和社会秩序在社会中的重要性。【点拨】 stress n. 压力；强调；重音； vt. 强调；重读“We're not saying we're outside and above all this,” he stresses.“我们并不是说我们对此不闻不问， ”他强调道。“Sit down, ” she replied, stressing each word.“坐下， ”她一

15、字一顿地说道。lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调relieve/reduce stress 减少压力 suffer from stress 遭受压力be stressed out 焦虑不安的 be under stress 在压力下stress the importanee of 强调的重要性Jane's been under a lot of stress since her mother's illness.简自从妈妈生病以来一直压力很大。【拓展】 stressful adj. 压力重的；紧张的； stressedadj. 焦虑不安的；紧张的Ro

16、bert looks so stressed sinee he started this new job. 自从罗伯特开始这份工作，他就看起来焦虑不安。重点短语be at war (with.)【原句回放】 Aneient China was a plaee where states were often at war with eaeh other. 古代中 国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。【点拨】be at war (with.)(与)交战a eivil war 内战eold war 冷战 make/declare war on 对宣战go to war 诉诸武力，出征，宣战，进入战争状态Th

17、e country has been at war with its neighboring country for two years. 这个国家与邻国交战已经两年了。People in the world don 't want to go to war to settle the international disputes. 世界人民不想将国际争端诉诸武力。【拓展】“at +n表示处于状态”at peace 处于和平状态at risk 冒险at sea 在航海；茫然；不知所措bring up【原句回放】 His father died when he was young, an

18、d he was brought up by his mother. 父亲在 他幼年时去世，母亲把他抚养成人。【点拨】bring up (raise or educate sb.)教育， 养育；(to mention a subject or start to talk about it) 提出；呕吐。 bring up 中的 up 为副词，其后跟的宾语如果是代词，应放在两词中间。Why did you have to bring up the subject of money?你为什么非要提钱这个话题？He left her to bring up three young children

19、on her own. 他留下她独自抚养 3 个年幼的孩子。【拓展】 bring 的相关短语bring down 使下降bring in 引入；提出；获利bring about 引起， 导致， 造成bring along 带来bring out 使显示；出版；生产in some way【原句回放】 You may need to change the words in some way. 你可能需要在某些方面改变一下单词（的形式） 。【点拨】 in some way 在某方面，在某种程度（意义）上，以某种方式In some ways, they are similar to each othe

20、r; but there are some distinguishable differences between them.在某些方面，他们是相似的，但是他们之间也有一些明显的差别。In some ways, I ' d rather he wasn ' t involved at all. 就某些方面而言，我宁愿他根本没有牵扯进去。【拓展】相关短语by the way 顺便说一下by way of途径，取道，为了 目的in a way 在某种程度上in any way 在任何方面in the/one' s挡道，阻碍in no way 决不in this/that w

21、ay 用这种 /那种方法in the way of 关于，有关the other way around 相反，反过来on the way to 在去途中；即将；将要out of the way 偏远；异常的under way 已经开始进行了make one ' s wa前进，向前走no way 根本不，一点也不all the way 一路上注意： in this/that/the way 作状语时，介词 in 可以省略。In a way, it ' s kind of nice to be working alone. 从某种意义上讲，独自一个人干活相当不错。in conclu

22、sion【原句回放】 In conclusion, I think that cars are very useful because travel is so easy with a car. 总之，我认为汽车非常有用，因为有车旅游方便多了。【点拨】 in conclusion 总之；总而言之In conclusion, I think the best way to make a friend is to be one. 总之，我认为交朋友最好的办法是去做一个朋友。【拓展】con elude v.结束；下结论；推断con elude that = draw a con clusi on t

23、hat 下结论to conclude 总而言之；最后conclusion n. 结束； 结论reach/draw/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论We came to the conclusion that the room must have been empty. 我们得出结论：那个房间当时一定是空的。for the first time【原句回放】 With the Industrial Revolution, factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first t

24、ime. 随着工业革命的发展， 工厂出现了， 产品的批量生产第一次成为可 能。【点拨】 for the first time 第一次 （在句中作时间状语 ）They came to Beijing for the first time.他们第一次来到北京。When I went to Shenzhen for the first time, it was not much bigger than a town. 我第一次去深圳的时候，深圳比一个城镇大不了多少。注意：“th*序数词+ time ”可作连词，引导一个状语从句。其重点不是强调某一次做了什么事，而是叙述某一动作或情况，即第几次做某事的

25、时候。这时不能与for 连用，并且 time后不用 when。The first time I went abroad I could hardly understand what the foreigners said. 我第一次出国时几乎听不懂老外说些什么。a time【原句回放】 But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. 但那也是一个产 生了许多哲学家的时期。【点拨】句中的 a time表示一段时间”，后面接定语从句时，常用when或“at/during等+which '引导定语从句，译为一个的

26、时期”。There is/was a time when. 有一段时间 It (That)is/was the first(second , third.)time that.这/那是第一次(第二次，第三次 )It was a time when all the children were expected to study hard. 那是一个人们都期望孩子们努力学习的时期。There are times when I wonder what you' re talking about.有几次我不知道你在说什么。Andrew's been promoted? That's the first time I about it.'ve heard安德鲁升职了？这事我头一次听到。重点句型the reason why.is that.【原句回放】 Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人性善。【点拨】believe后是that引导的宾语从句，从句中使用the reason why.is that.句式，其中why引导的是定语从句；is后的that引导的是表语从句。reason